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Essentials of Abdomino-Pelvic Sonography: A Handbook for Practitioners [Kietas viršelis]

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Swati Goyal (Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, India)

Formatas: Hardback, 262 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 793 g, 17 Tables, black and white; 210 Illustrations, color; 25 Illustrations, black and white
Išleidimo metai: 31-Jan-2018
Leidėjas: CRC Press
ISBN-10: 1138501824
ISBN-13: 9781138501829

Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

Clinical & internal medicine - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 84 prekės)
Medical imaging - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 7 prekės)
Radiography - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 2 prekės)
Gynaecology & obstetrics - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 13 prekės)
Radiotherapy - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 1 prekės)

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Formatas: Hardback, 262 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 793 g, 17 Tables, black and white; 210 Illustrations, color; 25 Illustrations, black and white
Išleidimo metai: 31-Jan-2018
Leidėjas: CRC Press
ISBN-10: 1138501824
ISBN-13: 9781138501829

Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

Clinical & internal medicine - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 84 prekės)
Medical imaging - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 7 prekės)
Radiography - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 2 prekės)
Gynaecology & obstetrics - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 13 prekės)
Radiotherapy - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 1 prekės)

Kitos knygos iš šio išskirtinio pasiūlymo: Taylor & Francis siūlomos knygos ISE (International Student Edition) kainomis

Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781138501829.html

Raktažodžiai:

Abdomen - Ultrasonic imaging

Sonography has emerged as a substantial diagnostic tool today. This handbook aims to cover ultrasound physics, abdominal and obstetric sonography, color Doppler, high resolution sonography and USG guided interventions with multiple choice questions and case reports for practical orientation.

Recenzijos

"This overview is well-suited for those at the beginning of their ultrasound training and for those wish-ing to refresh their basic knowledge."

Emily Skelton, research sono-grapher, Kings College London.

List of Abbreviations

xxiii

Preface

xxv

Acknowledgments

xxvii

About the Author

xxix

Part I: USG Physics

(12)

1 Ultrasound Physics

(10)

Introduction

(1)

Principle of sonography

(1)

Based on pulse-echo principle

(1)

Instrumentation

(1)

Ultrasonography transducer

(1)

Types of transducers

(1)

Selection of transducers

(1)

Specialized transducers

(1)

Real-time ultrasound

(1)

Construction of a transducer

(1)

Piezoelectric crystal

(1)

Piezoelectric effect

(1)

Curie temperature

(1)

Q factor (Quality factor or mechanical coefficient K)

(1)

Ultrasound gel

(1)

Resolution

(1)

Contrast resolution

(1)

Temporal resolution

(1)

Spatial resolution

(1)

Normal imaging

(1)

Orientation of probe

(1)

Time-gain compensation

(1)

Duty factor

(1)

Acoustic impedance

(1)

Acoustic interface

(1)

Interaction with tissues

(1)

Imaging pitfalls

(2)

Reverberation artifacts

(1)

Comet tail (Ring down) artifacts

(1)

Refraction

(1)

Side lobe

(1)

Acoustic shadowing

(1)

Acoustic enhancement

(1)

Overpenetration

(1)

Partial volume effect

(1)

Multipath artifacts

(1)

Mirror artifacts

(1)

Anisotropy

(1)

Biological effects

(1)

Streaming

(1)

Chaperone

(1)

Suggested readings

(3)

Part II: Abdominal USG

(80)

2 Liver

(10)

Introduction

(2)

Anatomy

(1)

Segmental anatomy

(1)

Vascular anatomy

(1)

Other ligaments

(1)

Protocol

(1)

Indications

(1)

Normal findings

(1)

Echogenicity

(1)

Pathologies

(8)

Hepatitis

(1)

Acute hepatitis

(1)

Chronic hepatitis

(1)

Cirrhosis

(1)

Infective lesions

(1)

Liver abscess (Pyogenic)

(1)

Amoebic abscess

(1)

Subphrenic abscess

(1)

Echinococcal (Hydatid) cysts

(1)

Fatty liver

(1)

Focal hepatic lesions

(3)

Simple cysts

(1)

Peribiliary cysts

(1)

Biliary hamartomas (Von Meyenberg complexes)

(1)

Hemangioma

(1)

Focal nodular hyperplasia

(1)

Hepatic adenoma

(1)

Biliary cystadenomas

(1)

Hepatocellular carcinoma

(1)

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

(1)

Metastases

(1)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

(1)

Hematoma-H/O trauma

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Pediatric section

(3)

Neonatal hepatitis

(1)

Causes of cirrhosis in children

(1)

Infantile hemangioendothelioma

(1)

Mesenchymal hamartomas

(1)

Hepatoblastoma

(1)

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma

(1)

Metastases

(2)

3 Gallbladder

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Anatomy

(1)

Variants of gallbladder

(1)

Pathologies

(5)

Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)

(1)

USG

(1)

Bile Sludge/Sand/Microlithiasis

(1)

Acute cholecystitis

(1)

Acalculous cholecystitis

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Porcelain gallbladder

(1)

Polyps

(1)

Adenomyomatosis

(1)

Gallbladder carcinoma

(2)

4 Biliary Tree

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Pathologies

(1)

Choledocholithiasis (CBD stones)

(1)

Mirizzi syndrome

(1)

Cholangitis

(1)

Acute cholangitis

(1)

Ascariasis

(1)

Cholangiocarcinoma

(1)

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma

(1)

Distal cholangiocarcinoma

(1)

Intrahepatic

(1)

Pediatric section

(2)

Biliary atresia

(1)

Choledochal cysts

(1)

Biliary rhabdomyosarcoma

(1)

5 Spleen

(2)

Introduction

(1)

Anatomy

(1)

Pathologies

(2)

Splenomegaly

(1)

Cystic lesions of spleen

(1)

Solid lesions of spleen

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

6 Pancreas

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Anatomy

(1)

Normal variant

(1)

Technique

(1)

Pathologies

(4)

Acute pancreatitis

(1)

Focal

(1)

Diffuse

(1)

Mild

(1)

Complications

(1)

Chronic pancreatitis

(1)

USG

(1)

Adenocarcinoma

(1)

USG

(1)

D/D

(1)

Cystic neoplasms of pancreas

(1)

Microcystic/Serous Cystadenoma

(1)

USG

(1)

Macrocystic/Mucinous Cystadenomas/Cystadenocarcinomas

(1)

Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor/Neoplasm

(1)

Solid papillary epithelial neoplasms

(1)

Pediatric specific

(1)

Pancreatoblastoma

(1)

Cystic fibrosis

(1)

Nesidioblastosis

(1)

7 Genitourinary Tract, GUT

(12)

Introduction

(1)

Anatomy

(1)

Vascular anatomy

(1)

Ureters

(1)

Bladder

(1)

Normal variants

(1)

Pathologies

(11)

Hydronephrosis

(1)

Congenital anomalies

(1)

Renal duplication

(1)

Weigert-Meyer rule

(1)

Ectopic kidney

(1)

Crossed fused ectopia

(1)

Horseshoe kidney

(1)

Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction

(1)

Infective lesions

(1)

Acute pyelonephritis

(1)

Pyonephrosis

(1)

Chronic pyelonephritis

(1)

Cystitis

(1)

Calculi

(1)

Renal calculi

(1)

Renal cystic disease

(2)

Simple renal cysts

(1)

Complex renal cysts

(1)

Parapelvic cysts

(1)

Medullary sponge kidney

(1)

Medullary cystic disease

(1)

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

(1)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

(1)

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

(1)

Multilocular cystic nephroma

(1)

Medical disease of genitourinary tract

(1)

Neoplastic lesion

(1)

Renal cell carcinoma

(1)

Robson's staging

(1)

Transitional cell carcinoma

(1)

Renal transition cell carcinoma

(1)

Ureteric transitional cell carcinoma

(1)

Bladder transitional cell carcinoma

(1)

Squamous cell carcinoma

(1)

Adenocarcinoma

(1)

Lymphoma

(1)

Oncocytoma

(1)

Angiomyolipoma

(1)

Miscellaneous

(2)

Compensatory hypertrophy

(1)

Enlarged kidneys

(1)

Small kidneys

(1)

Generalized thickening of the bladder wall

(1)

Localized thickening of bladder wall

(1)

Echogenic lesions within the bladder lumen

(1)

Renal trauma

(1)

Ureterocele

(1)

Neurogenic bladder

(1)

Bladder diverticula

(1)

Ureteral jet

(1)

Pediatric section

(2)

Prune-Belly syndrome (Eagle-Barrett syndrome)

(1)

Megacystis-microcolon malrotation intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome

(1)

Exstrophy of the bowel

(1)

Urachal anomalies

(1)

Wilm's tumor (Nephroblastoma)

(1)

Neuroblastoma

(1)

Mesoblastic nephroma (Fetal renal hamartoma, and congenital Wilm's tumor)

(1)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (Sarcoma botryoides)

(1)

8 Adrenals Glands

(2)

Introduction

(1)

Pathologies

(2)

Infectious diseases

(1)

Neoplastic lesion

(1)

Adenomas

(1)

Myelolipomas

(1)

Pheochromocytomas

(1)

Adrenal metastases

(1)

Sarcomas

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Adrenal cysts

(1)

Adrenal hemorrhage

(1)

Wolman's disease

(1)

9 Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava

(4)

Introduction

(4)

Branches of aorta

(1)

Indications of USG

(1)

Normal aortic measurements

(1)

Atheromatous disease

(1)

Ectasia

(1)

Aneurysm

(1)

Pseudoaneurysm

(1)

Inferior vena cava

(1)

Points to note

(2)

10 Pelvic USG (Uterus and Ovaries)

(16)

Introduction

(3)

Uterus

(1)

Cervix

(1)

Vagina

(1)

Ovaries

(1)

Endometrium

(1)

Abnormal uterine bleeding

(2)

Etiology

(1)

Endometrial pathology

(1)

Endometrial polyps

(1)

Endometrial hyperplasia

(1)

Endometrial carcinoma

(1)

Menorrhagia

(2)

Fibroids (Leiomyomas)

(1)

Signs and symptoms

(1)

USG

(1)

Types

(1)

Other D/Ds

(1)

Broad ligament fibroid

(1)

Diffuse leiomyomatosis

(1)

Adenomyosis

(1)

Transabdominal sonography

(1)

Transvaginal sonography

(1)

Arterio venous malformations (Vascular tangle)

(1)

Postpartum/Post D&C

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

(1)

Arcuate artery calcification

(1)

Pelvic congestion syndrome

(1)

Hematometrocolpos

(1)

Etiology

(1)

Vaginal cysts

(1)

Cystic masses of pelvis

(3)

Follicular Cysts/Functional Cysts

(1)

Corpus luteal cysts

(1)

Theca lutein cysts

(1)

Hemorrhagic cysts

(1)

Polycystic ovarian disease (Stein-Leventhal syndrome)

(1)

Hydrosalpinx

(1)

Parovarian cysts

(1)

Cystadenomas

(1)

Serous cystadenomas

(1)

Mucinous cystadenomas

(1)

Tubo-ovarian abscess

(1)

Endom etriosis

(1)

Dermoid/Mature Cystic Teratomas

(1)

Peritoneal inclusion cysts

(1)

Ovarian torsion

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Malignant lesions of pelvis

(2)

Carcinoma endometrium

(1)

Carcinoma cervix (Mostly squamous cell carcinoma)

(1)

Carcinoma vagina

(1)

Sarcoma of uterus

(1)

Ovarian tumors

(1)

Malignant ovarian tumors

(1)

Features s/o benign pathology

(1)

Features s/o malignancy

(1)

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

(1)

Endometroid carcinoma

(1)

Malignant germ cell tumors

(1)

Metastasis (Krukenberg's tumor)

(1)

Meig's syndrome

(1)

Sex cord stromal tumors

(1)

Classification

(2)

Benign tumors

(1)

Cystic

(1)

Solid

(1)

Malignant tumors

(2)

Cystic

(1)

Solid

(2)

11 Prostate

(4)

Introduction

(4)

Zonal anatomy

(1)

Measurements

(1)

Seminal vesicles

(1)

Transrectal ultrasonography

(1)

Benign ductal ectasia

(1)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

(1)

Prostatitis

(1)

Cysts

(1)

Prostate cancer

(2)

12 Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum

(4)

Introduction

(2)

List of retroperitoneal organs

(1)

List of intraperitoneal organs

(1)

Peritoneal cavity spaces

(1)

Retroperitoneal spaces

(1)

Ascites

(1)

Retroperitoneum pathologies

(1)

Lymphadenopathy

(1)

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (Ormond's disease)

(1)

Tumors

(1)

Lymphoma and metastases

(1)

Fluid collections

(1)

Miscellaneous

(1)

Cystic masses of abdomen

(2)

Mesenteric cysts

(1)

Peritoneal inclusion cysts

(1)

Peritoneal tuberculosis

(1)

Peritoneal carcinomatosis

(1)

13 Chest

(4)

Lung consolidation

(1)

Hepatization of lung

(1)

Atelectasis

(1)

Pleural effusion

(1)

Transudative fluid

(1)

Exudative fluid

(1)

Pneumothorax

(1)

Diaphragm

(2)

14 Critical Care Ultrasound-Including FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma)

(4)

Rush protocol (Rapid ultrasound in shock)

(1)

Fate protocol (Focused assessment by transthoracic echocardiography)

(1)

Left ventricular failure

(1)

Right ventricular failure

(1)

Pericardial tamponade

(1)

Pulmonary embolism

(1)

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

(1)

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with systolic anterior motion of mitral valve

(1)

Blue protocol (Bed-side lung ultrasound in emergency)

(1)

Falls protocol (Fluid administration limited by lung sonography)

(1)

Focused assessment with sonography for trauma

(1)

Advantages

(1)

Limitations

(1)

Extended FAST (e-FAST)

(2)

15 Acute Abdomen and Abdominal Tuberculosis

(2)

Abdominal tuberculosis

(1)

USG findings

(1)

Peritoneal tuberculosis

(1)

Suggested readings

(1)

Part III: Obstetrics USG

(52)

16 Introduction

(2)

Preparation

(1)

Position

(2)

17 First Trimester

(8)

Introduction

(1)

Physiology

(1)

Indications

(1)

USG appearances of a normal I/U gestation

(7)

Gestational sac

(2)

Double decidual sac sign (Interdecidual)

(1)

Double bleb sign

(1)

Gestational sac

(1)

Mean sac diameter

(1)

Yolk sac

(2)

Placenta

100

(1)

Fetal heart rate

101

(1)

Umbilical cord

101

(1)

Embryonic demise (Early pregnancy failure)

101

(1)

USG features

101

(1)

Guidelines

102

(1)

Abortion

103

(1)

Absent I/U sac

103

(1)

I/U Sac Without An Embryo/Yolk Sac

103

(1)

Thickened/Irregularly Echogenic Endometrium

103

(1)

First trimester complication

104

(1)

Termination of pregnancy

104

(1)

First trimester screening for aneuploidy

104

(1)

Normal embryologic development simulating pathology

104

(1)

18 Second Trimester

105

(4)

Normal USG

105

(2)

Indications of USG

105

(1)

Fetal morphology assessment

105

(2)

Chromosomal abnormality (Genetic) screening

107

(2)

Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

107

(1)

Sonographic markers

107

(1)

Biochemical markers

107

(1)

Trisomy 18 (Edward's syndrome)

107

(1)

Trisomy 13 (Patau's syndrome)

107

(1)

Turners syndrome (45 XO)

107

(2)

19 Third Trimester

109

(2)

Fetal biometry

109

(1)

Amniotic fluid evaluation

109

(2)

20 Fetal Malformations

111

(6)

Head

111

(1)

Fetal spine

112

(1)

Fetal lungs

113

(1)

Fetal heart

113

(2)

Anomalies detected with four-chamber view

114

(1)

Anomalies diagnosed in outflow tract

114

(1)

Fetal gastrointestinal tract

114

(1)

Genitourinary tract anomalies

115

(1)

Skeletal system

115

(2)

Long bones and extremities

115

(1)

Spine and chest

115

(1)

Head

116

(1)

Degree of mineralization

116

(1)

21 Placenta

117

(4)

Introduction

117

(4)

Abruption

118

(1)

Types

119

(1)

Hemorrhage

119

(1)

Placenta previa

119

(1)

Chorioangiomas

119

(2)

22 Amniotic Fluid

121

(4)

Introduction

121

(1)

Functions

121

(1)

Amniotic fluid index technique

121

(1)

Stumbling blocks in correct estimation of amniotic fluid volume

121

(1)

Oligohydramnios

122

(1)

Causes

122

(1)

USG

122

(1)

Polhydramnios

123

(2)

Causes

123

(2)

23 Umbilical Cord and Biophysical Profile

125

(2)

Introduction

125

(1)

Anatomy

125

(1)

Nuchal cord

125

(1)

Biophysical profile-BPP (Manning score)

126

(1)

24 Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

127

(2)

Introduction

127

(1)

Presentation

127

(1)

Imaging

127

(2)

USG

127

(1)

Diagnosis

127

(1)

Choriocarcinoma

128

(1)

Placental site trophoblastic tumor

128

(1)

Invasive mole

128

(1)

Management

128

(1)

25 Ectopic Pregnancy

129

(2)

Risk factors

129

(2)

USG

129

(1)

Site

130

(1)

26 Multifetal Pregnancy

131

(2)

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome

132

(1)

Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (Acardiac-parabiotic twin)

132

(1)

27 Hydrops and Intrauterine Fetal Death

133

(2)

USG

133

(1)

Causes

133

(1)

Intrauterine fetal death on USG

133

(2)

28 Incompetent Cervix

135

(4)

Introduction

135

(1)

Imaging

135

(1)

USG findings

135

(1)

Stumbling blocks

136

(1)

Management

136

(1)

Miscellaneous

136

(3)

Uterine fibroids

136

(1)

Focal myometrial contraction (Braxton-Hicks contractions)

136

(1)

Scar thickness

137

(1)

Luteal phase defect

137

(2)

29 Infertility

139

(4)

Ovary

139

(1)

Causes

139

(1)

PCO morphology

139

(1)

Normal spontaneous cycle

140

(1)

Induced cycles

140

(1)

Uterus

140

(1)

Tubal factor (Oviduct/fallopian tube pathology)

140

(3)

30 Pre-Conception Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act

143

(2)

Suggested readings

143

(2)

Part IV: Color Doppler

145

(20)

31 Basic Terminology

147

(2)

Introduction

147

(2)

Types

147

(1)

Aliasing

148

(1)

Vessel waveform

148

(1)

32 Obstetric Doppler

149

(4)

Intrauterine growth retardation

149

(4)

Etiology

149

(1)

Types

149

(1)

Indications

149

(1)

Stages in ultrasonography prediction for intrauterine growth retardation

149

(4)

33 Carotid Doppler

153

(4)

Protocol

153

(1)

Evaluate

153

(1)

Vessel waveform

154

(1)

Vertebral artery

154

(3)

34 Doppler in Portal Hypertension

157

(4)

Budd Chiari syndrome

159

(2)

35 Renal Doppler

161

(2)

Causes of renal artery stenosis

161

(2)

Normal waveform

161

(1)

Abnormal measurements

162

(1)

Parvus tardus waveform

162

(1)

36 Peripheral Vessel Doppler

163

(2)

Arterial duplex examination

163

(1)

Arterial anatomy

163

(1)

Technique

163

(1)

Venous duplex examination

163

(1)

Venous anatomy

163

(1)

Deep vein thrombosis

164

(1)

Suggested readings

164

(1)

Part V: High-Resolution USG

165

(36)

37 Head and Neck with Thyroid

167

(8)

Introduction

167

(1)

Anatomy

167

(1)

Salivary glands

167

(1)

Lymph node levels

167

(1)

Thyroid

168

(1)

Parathyroid

168

(1)

Technique

168

(1)

Pathology

168

(1)

Lymph nodes

168

(1)

Congenital cystic lesions

169

(1)

Branchial cleft cysts

169

(1)

Thyroglossal duct cysts

169

(1)

Lymphangioma

169

(1)

Ranula

169

(1)

Dermoids/Epidermoids

169

(1)

Neoplastic lesions

169

(1)

Lipoma

169

(1)

Nerve sheath tumors

169

(1)

Salivary gland tumors

169

(1)

Infective lesions

169

(1)

High-resolution sonography of thyroid gland

169

(1)

Introduction

169

(1)

Ultrasound examination technique

169

(1)

Normal anatomy and sonographic appearance

170

(1)

Diseases of thyroid gland

170

(1)

Diffuse thyroid disease

170

(2)

Multinodular goiter

170

(1)

Grave's disease

171

(1)

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

171

(1)

Dequervain's thyroiditis

171

(1)

Acute suppurative thyroiditis

171

(1)

Reidel's thyroiditis

172

(1)

Thyroid nodules

172

(1)

Benign thyroid nodules

172

(1)

Thyroid adenoma

172

(1)

Malignant thyroid nodules

173

(1)

Malignant thyroid masses

173

(2)

Papillary carcinoma

173

(1)

Follicular carcinoma

173

(1)

Medullary carcinoma

173

(1)

Anaplastic carcinoma

173

(1)

Thyroid lymphoma

173

(1)

Metastases

174

(1)

38 Breast

175

(6)

Introduction

175

(1)

Annotation

176

(1)

Benign pathologies

177

(1)

Galactocele

177

(1)

Fibrocystic disease

177

(1)

Duct ectasia

177

(1)

Fibroadenoma

177

(1)

Cysts

177

(1)

Lipoma

178

(1)

Intramammary lymph node

178

(1)

Hamartoma/Fibroadenolipoma

178

(1)

Papillomas (Intraductal and Intracystic)

178

(1)

Fat necrosis

178

(1)

Cystosarcoma Phylloides

178

(1)

Abscess

178

(1)

Radial scar

178

(1)

Premature asymmetric ripening

178

(1)

Gynecomastia

178

(1)

Sebaceous cyst

178

(1)

Malignant pathologies

178

(3)

Intraductal carcinoma

178

(1)

Medullary carcinoma

179

(1)

Lobular carcinoma

179

(1)

Inflammatory carcinoma

179

(1)

Breast implants

179

(1)

Birads classification

179

(2)

39 Anterior Abdominal Wall

181

(2)

Anatomy

181

(1)

Hernias

181

(1)

Rectus sheath hematoma

181

(1)

Fluid collections

181

(1)

Split image (Ghost artifact)

182

(1)

40 Skin (Cellulitis) and Soft Tissue

183

(2)

41 GIT Sonography

185

(6)

Acute abdomen

185

(1)

Acute appendicitis

185

(2)

Small bowel obstruction

187

(1)

Gastrointestinal neoplasms

187

(1)

Inflammatory bowel disease

188

(1)

Crohn's disease

188

(1)

Pediatric section

188

(1)

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

188

(1)

Intussusception

188

(1)

Mesenteric adenitis

189

(2)

42 Scrotum

191

(6)

Normal anatomy and sonographic appearance

191

(1)

USG technique

191

(1)

Benign conditions

192

(1)

Testicular malignancy

193

(1)

Germ cell tumors

193

(1)

Metastases

194

(1)

Acute scrotum

194

(1)

Causes of acute scrotal pain

194

(1)

Testicular torsion

194

(1)

USG findings

194

(1)

Color doppler

194

(1)

Testicular inflammation

194

(1)

Testicular trauma

194

(1)

Cryptorchidism

195

(2)

43 Miscellaneous

197

(4)

B scan (Ophthalmic sonography)

197

(1)

Anatomy

197

(1)

Indications

197

(1)

Transfontanellar sonography

198

(1)

Indications

198

(1)

Suggested readings

198

(3)

Part VI: USG-Guided Interventions

201

(6)

44 USG-Guided Interventions

203

(4)

Advantages

203

(1)

Disadvantages

203

(1)

Preprocedural evaluation

203

(1)

PostproceduraL evaluation

203

(1)

Thoracocentesis

203

(1)

Paracentesis

203

(1)

Cyst aspiration

203

(1)

Percutaneous abscess drainage

204

(1)

USG-guided FNA/Biopsy

204

(1)

Complications

204

(1)

USG-guided vascular access

204

(1)

Suprapubic catheterization

205

(1)

Lumbar puncture

205

(1)

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts

205

(2)

Part VII: Recent Advances In Sonography

207

(8)

45 Recent Advances in Sonography

209

(6)

3D USG

209

(1)

Accelerated focused US imaging

209

(1)

TUI-Tomographic ultrasound imaging, volume USG

210

(1)

VCI-C-Volume contrast imaging-coronal

210

(1)

Applications

210

(1)

SRI-Speckle reduction imaging

210

(1)

STIC-Spatial temporal imaging correlation

210

(1)

MR/USG-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation

210

(1)

Principle

210

(1)

Indications

211

(1)

Advantages

211

(1)

Virtual CT Sonography

211

(1)

Contrast enhanced (Gas-filled microbubbles)

211

(1)

Transperineal Ultrasound

211

(1)

Intravascular Ultrasound

212

(1)

Elastography

212

(1)

Introduction

212

(1)

Principle

212

(1)

Applications

213

(1)

Tissue harmonic imaging

213

(1)

Introduction

213

(1)

Principle

214

(1)

Advantages

214

(1)

Applications

214

(1)

Contrast harmonics

214

(1)

Suggested readings

214

(1)

Sample Questions

215

(2)

MCQs

217

(14)

Answer Key

231

(4)

Case Reports

235

(14)

Glossary

249

(2)

Index

251

Swati Goyal

Essentials of Abdomino-Pelvic Sonography: A Handbook for Practitioners [Kietas viršelis]

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