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El. knyga: Essentials of Community Corrections

  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Jan-2018
  • Leidėjas: SAGE Publications (USA)
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544317656
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Essentials of Community CorrectionsDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Jan-2018
  • Leidėjas: SAGE Publications (USA)
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544317656
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Hanser provides students of law enforcement or criminal justice a concise introduction to community corrections that is fully committed to offender reentry and reintegration--in line with the direction he sees the field now taking again. Among his topics are community corrections: public safety is job one, the role of the practitioner, needs-based case management and case planning, the viability of treatment perspectives, reentry and restorative justice, and diversity issues and cultural competence in a changing era. Annotation ©2018 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Essentials of Community Corrections offers you a concise and practical perspective on community corrections while emphasizing successful offender reentry through strong community partnerships. Author Robert D. Hanser draws on his expertise with offender treatment planning, special needs populations, and the comparative criminal justice fields to present you with a complete introduction to community corrections today. A variety of practical pedagogical tools offer you insights into the daily lives of those working in the field and encourage you to start thinking like practitioners. 

Key Features:

  • What Would You Do? assignments give you the chance to apply what they have learned by analyzing real-world scenarios to determine the best course of action for common challenges in community supervision. 
  • Applied Theory inserts throughout the book provide you with a focused application of a specific theory to particular issues in community corrections. 
  • Cross-National Perspective boxes demonstrate common themes in community corrections around the world, as well as different approaches used in other countries. 
  • Applied Exercises encourage you to reflect on your understanding of each chapter's content and to demonstrate your competence in using the information, techniques, and processes that you have learned. 
  • Food for Thought features at the end of each chapter guide your through a recent research study related to community corrections and include follow-up questions to help you think critically.
     
Preface xvi
Acknowledgments xxi
Chapter 1 Definitions, History, and Development of Community Corrections 1(24)
Learning Objectives
1(1)
Introduction
1(3)
Early Alternative Sanctions: Sanctuary
4(1)
Early Alternative Sanctions: Benefit of Clergy
5(1)
Early Alternative Sanctions: Judicial Reprieve
6(1)
Early Alternative Sanctions: Recognizance
7(1)
The Beginning of Probation
8(1)
The Beginning of Parole
9(4)
Cross-National Perspective: The History of Probation in England
12(1)
Philosophical Basis of Community Corrections-Both Probation and Parole
13(5)
Applied Theory: Classical Criminology, Behavioral Psychology, and Community Corrections
15(3)
Suggested Theoretical Approach to Reintegration and Offender Treatment
18(2)
Probation and Parole From 1960 Onward
20(1)
Conclusion
21(1)
Key Terms
21(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
22(1)
"What Would You Do?"
22(1)
Applied Exercise
23(1)
Food For Thought
23(2)
Chapter 2 Community Corrections: Public Safety Is Job One 25(27)
Learning Objectives
25(1)
Introduction
25(5)
Key Criminological and Psychological-Theoretical Perspectives
30(9)
Routine Activities Theory: A Model Theory for Improving Public Safety
36(2)
Applied Theory: The Connections Among Routine Activities Theory, Community Justice, and the Community Supervision Agency
38(1)
Excessive Caseloads and Their Impact on Community Protection
39(2)
Using the Community to Improve Safety: Volunteers and Neighborhood Programs
41(5)
Cross-National Perspective: The Use of Volunteers With Probation Agencies in Japan
44(2)
Improving Public Safety: How Individual Volunteers Can Make a Difference
46(3)
Conclusion
49(1)
Key Terms
50(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
50(1)
"What Would You Do?"
50(1)
Applied Exercise
50(1)
Food For Thought
51(1)
Chapter 3 Assessment and Risk Prediction 52(39)
Learning Objectives
52(1)
Introduction
52(1)
The Presentence Investigation Report (PSI)
52(9)
The Basics of Risk Assessment
61(2)
False Positives and False Negatives
63(1)
Static and Dynamic Risk Factors
64(2)
The Appropriate Use of Subjective and Objective Assessments
66(10)
Subjective Assessment
68(1)
Objective Assessment
69(7)
Recidivism Prediction
76(2)
The Link Between Theory and Risk Prediction
78(2)
Applied Theory: Criminological Theory and Risk Prediction
79(1)
Better Diagnosis: The Need for Improved Assessment
80(5)
Cross-National Perspective: The Adult Actuarial Risk Instrument (AARI)- A Model Risk-Assessment instrument From Australia
84(1)
Classification
85(3)
Conclusion
88(1)
Key Terms
88(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
88(1)
"What Would You Do?"
89(1)
Applied Exercise
89(1)
Food For Thought
90(1)
Chapter 4 The Role of the Practitioner 91(32)
Learning Objectives
91(1)
Introduction
91(1)
Tasks and Nature of Work for Probation Officers
92(2)
Pay and Demographics of Probation Officers
94(1)
Role Confusion, Stress, and Burnout Related to the Job of Probation Officers
95(3)
Education, Training, and Qualifications for Probation Officers
98(3)
Tasks and Nature of Work for Parole Officers
101(5)
Applied Theory: Critical Criminology and Community Supervision
105(1)
Education, Training, and Qualifications of Parole Officers
106(1)
When Probation and Parole Are Combined Into One Department
107(1)
Supervision Styles of Community Supervision Officers
108(1)
Firearms and the Community Supervision Officer
109(4)
Nature of Work for Treatment Professionals
113(2)
Record Keeping, Case Notes, and Administrative Duties With the Courts
115(1)
Types of Treatment Providers in the Community Corrections System
116(1)
Challenges to the Work of a Correctional Treatment Provider
117(3)
Cross-National Perspective: The Effect of Homelessness on Probationers and Probation Officers in Ireland
119(1)
Conclusion
120(1)
Key Terms
120(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
120(1)
"What Would You Do?"
120(1)
Applied Exercise
121(1)
Food For Thought
122(1)
Chapter 5 Legal Liabilities and Risk Management 123(26)
Learning Objectives
123(1)
Introduction
123(1)
State Levels of Liability
124(7)
Intentional Torts
124(3)
Negligence Torts
127(1)
Liability Under Section 1983 Federal Lawsuits
128(3)
Forms of Immunity and Types of Defense
131(3)
Indemnification, Representation, and Types of Damages
134(1)
Legal Issues of Disclosure With Presentence Investigation Reports
135(2)
Liability of Parole Board Members for Violation of Substantive or Procedural Rights
137(1)
Parole Board Liability for Released Offenders Who Recidivate
138(1)
The Use of Objective Instruments as a Safeguard From Liability
139(1)
Probationer and Parolee Case Law Regarding Due Process During Revocation
140(5)
Cross-National Perspective: Extracts of the European Rules on Community Sanctions and Measures
142(2)
Applied Theory: Labeling Theory and Legal Issues/Liabilities
144(1)
Conclusion
145(1)
Key Terms
146(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
146(1)
"What Would You Do?"
146(1)
Applied Exercise
147(1)
Food For Thought
148(1)
Chapter 6 Needs-Based Case Management and Case Planning 149(29)
Learning Objectives
149(1)
Introduction
149(1)
Basics of Case Management in Community Corrections
150(2)
Client Needs Assessment
152(7)
Reliability and Validity of Needs Assessment Scales
156(1)
Mental Illness and Classification: The DSM-5
156(3)
Caseload Assignment Models
159(2)
The Specialized Needs Caseload Model
160(1)
Standards of Classification
161(5)
Case Management Classification-Presentation of a Model System
162(4)
Assessment
166(2)
Cross-National Perspective: Hong Kong Offender Risk/Needs Assessment
167(1)
The Supervision Plan
168(1)
Applied Theory: Containment Theory-Outer and Inner Containment Aspects
168(1)
Client Contracting and Supervision Planning
168(3)
Addressing Offender Needs Holistically
171(1)
Treatment Screening and Screening Tools
171(2)
Treatment Planning
173(2)
Progress Notes, Record Keeping, and Connecting the Case Plan With Supervision
174(1)
Conclusion
175(1)
Key Terms
175(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
176(1)
"What Would You Do?"
176(1)
Applied Exercise
176(1)
Food For Thought
177(1)
Chapter 7 The Viability of Treatment Perspectives 178(28)
Learning Objectives
178(1)
Introduction
178(1)
The Martinson Report-Revisited
179(2)
The Need for Community-Based Treatment and the Pitfalls of Treatment Programs in Institutional Settings
181(2)
Motivational Interviewing and Community Supervision Staff
183(3)
Community Supervision Staff and Treatment Staff: Effective Alliances
186(3)
Different Types of Treatment Modalities/Orientations in Therapy
189(3)
Cross-National Perspective: South Australia's Mental Health Courts
190(1)
Less Common Types of Therapy
191(1)
Different Types of Treatment Programs
192(3)
Different Types of Treatment Professionals
195(3)
Treatment Staff, Referrals, and Increased Human Supervision
198(2)
Progress in Treatment Programs and the Likelihood of Recidivism
200(1)
Educating the Community About Treatment Benefits and Integrating Citizen and Agency Involvement
201(2)
Applied Theory: Social Disorganization, Collective Efficacy, and Community Supervision
202(1)
Conclusion
203(1)
Key Terms
203(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
204(1)
"What Would You Do?"
204(1)
Applied Exercise
204(1)
Food For Thought
205(1)
Chapter 8 Community-Based Residential Treatment Facilities 206(23)
Learning Objectives
206(1)
Introduction
206(1)
Initial Offender Processing in the Jail Setting
206(3)
The Use of Jail Diversion Programs to Alleviate Jail Crowding
209(3)
Historical Developments of Halfway Houses
212(4)
Cross-National Perspective: Canada's Halfway Houses
215(1)
Various Community Residential Treatment Centers
216(2)
Rural and Urban Residential Centers
218(1)
Work Release and Study Release Programs
219(2)
Cost-Effectiveness and Actual Program Effectiveness
221(2)
Applied Theory: Differential Association and Treatment in Residential Facilities
222(1)
Complex Offender Cases in Residential Facilities
223(2)
Typical Staff in Residential Treatment Facilities
225(1)
Conclusion
226(1)
Key Terms
226(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
226(1)
"What Would You Do?"
227(1)
Applied Exercise
227(1)
Food For Thought
227(2)
Chapter 9 Intermediate Sanctions 229(23)
Learning Objectives
229(1)
Introduction
229(5)
Fines
234(1)
Community Service
235(1)
Intensive Supervision Probation/Parole (ISP)
236(1)
Electronic Monitoring
237(3)
Cross-National Perspective: Electronic Monitoring in Sweden
238(2)
Global Positioning Systems
240(1)
Home Detention
240(1)
Day Reporting Centers
241(2)
Shock Incarceration/Split Sentencing
243(1)
Methods of Ensuring Compliance-Detecting Drug Use Among Offenders
243(3)
Testing Technologies-Immunoassay and Chromatography
244(1)
Testing Methods-Instrumental and Point-of-Contact Testing
245(1)
Methods of Ensuring Compliance-Sex Offender Notification Programs and Community Partnerships
246(2)
Applied Theory: Routine Activities Theory as Applied to Community Supervision
248(1)
Conclusion
248(1)
Key Terms
249(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
249(1)
"What Would You Do?"
249(1)
Applied Exercise
250(1)
Food For Thought
251(1)
Chapter 10 Reentry and Restorative Justice 252(25)
Learning Objectives
252(1)
Introduction
252(1)
Reentry Defined
253(7)
Reentry and Reintegration Issues
254(1)
The Use of Volunteers as Mentors
255(1)
Connecting the Divergent Pieces of Reentry: DOJ's Five Evidence-Based Principles
256(1)
Community Involvement, Police Partnerships, Reentry Courts, and Reentry Councils
257(3)
Restorative Justice as a Component of Reentry
260(1)
Restorative Justice Defined
261(1)
Types of Restorative Justice Programs
262(7)
Family Conferences
262(1)
Teen Courts
263(1)
Reintegrative Shaming
263(1)
Community Justice
264(2)
Restorative Justice Behind Institutional Walls
266(2)
Victim-Offender Mediation
268(1)
Victims, Restorative Justice, and Reentry
269(3)
Cross-National Perspective: Restorative Justice in Costa Rica: New Implementation in 2012 Holds Promise
270(2)
Conclusion
272(1)
Key Terms
273(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
273(1)
"What Would You Do?"
273(1)
Applied Exercise
274(1)
Food For Thought
275(2)
Chapter 11 Diversity Issues and Cultural Competence in a Changing Era 277(28)
Learning Objectives
277(1)
Introduction
277(1)
Why Is Diversity So Important in Community Corrections?
278(4)
The Notion of Cultural Competence
282(4)
An Overview of the Six Stages of the Cultural Competence Continuum
283(3)
African American, Latino American, and Asian American Offenders in Metropolitan Areas
286(5)
African Americans
286(1)
Latino Americans
287(2)
Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
289(2)
Minority Caseloads, Minority Gang Affiliations, and Training for Community Supervision Staff
291(1)
Female Offenders
292(4)
Domestic Violence
292(1)
Physical and Sexual Abuse
293(1)
Sex Industry Activity and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
294(1)
Female Crime
294(1)
Female Offenders as Mothers
294(1)
Ideal Treatment Programming for Female Offenders
295(1)
Geriatric Offenders
296(4)
Challenges With Elderly Offenders
297(1)
Cross-National Perspective: England's Aging Prison Population
297(1)
Preprison Community Supervision (Probation)
298(2)
Applied Theory: Life Course Criminological Theories and Elderly Offender Typologies
299(1)
Postprison Community Supervision (Parole)
300(1)
Conclusion
300(1)
Key Terms
301(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
301(1)
"What Would You Do?"
302(1)
Applied Exercise
302(1)
Food For Thought
303(2)
Chapter 12 Specialized and Problematic Offender Typologies 305(27)
Learning Objectives
305(1)
Introduction
305(1)
Sex Offenders
306(3)
Sex Offenders in the Community
306(3)
Cross-National Perspective: South Africa's HIV/AIDS-Infected Offenders
308(1)
Treatment Strategies for Sex Offenders
309(3)
Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques
309(2)
Interrogation-Oriented Techniques
311(1)
Drug-Administered Technique
312(1)
Substance Abusers
312(8)
Screening and Placement Criteria for Treatment Programs
314(1)
Substance Abuse Treatment Programs
314(1)
The Therapeutic Community
315(1)
The Use of Drug Courts
316(1)
Applied Theory: Individual Trait Criminological Theories and Criminal Activity
318
Substance Abusers on Community Supervision
317(2)
Self-Help Groups
319(1)
Mentally Ill Offenders
320(8)
Common Types of Mental Disorders in the Offender Population
320(4)
Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders
324(1)
Antisocial Personality Disorder, Psychopathy, and Other Mental Disorders With High Risks of Violence
325(1)
Mentally Ill Offenders in the Community
326(1)
Mental Health Courts
326(1)
Trial and Sentencing
327(1)
Probation and Parole
327(1)
Conclusion
328(1)
Key Terms
329(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
329(1)
"What Would You Do?"
329(1)
Applied Exercise
330(1)
Food For Thought
331(1)
Chapter 13 Program Evaluation, Evidence-Based Practices, and Future Trends in Community Corrections 332(27)
Learning Objectives
332(1)
Introduction
332(2)
Experimental Designs
332(1)
Quasi-Experimental Studies
333(1)
Before/After Studies
334(1)
Reliability and Validity in Evaluative Studies
334(1)
Evaluation Research
335(4)
Implementation Evaluation
336(1)
Process Evaluation
337(1)
Outcome Evaluation
338(1)
Evidence-Based Practices
339(10)
EBP #1: Assess Offender Risk/Need Levels Using Actuarial Instruments
340(1)
EBP #2: Enhance Offender Motivation
340(1)
EBP #3: Target Interventions
340(1)
EBP #4: Provide Skill Training for Staff and Monitor Their Delivery of Services
341(1)
EBP #5: Increase Positive Reinforcement
341(1)
EBP #6: Engage Ongoing Support in Natural Communities
341(1)
EBP #7: Measure Relevant Processes/Practices
341(1)
EBP #8: Provide Measurement Feedback
341(1)
Individual Case-Level Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices
342(3)
Cross-National Perspective: Australian Wilderness Programs and Boot Camps
344(1)
Program Quality, Staffing Quality, and Evaluation of Program Curricula
345(1)
Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Benefit Analyses
346(1)
Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement
347(2)
Community Harm With Ineffective Programs: Separating Politics From Science in the Evaluative Process
349(2)
Applied Theory: The Connection Between Theory and Policy
350(1)
The Future of Community Corrections
351(5)
Community Involvement, Community Corrections, and Community Justice
352(1)
Mental Health Issues Will Remain Important
353(1)
An Emphasis on Cultural Competence Will Continue to Be Important
354(1)
Assessment Methods Will Need to Be Continually Refined
354(1)
An Emphasis on Employment Programs Will Be Necessary
355(1)
Geriatric Populations Should Be Shifted to Community Supervision Schemes in the Future
355(1)
Sentencing May Become More Indeterminate in Nature
355(1)
Conclusion
356(1)
Key Terms
357(1)
End-of-Chapter Review: Sharing Your Opinion
357(1)
"What Would You Do?"
357(1)
Applied Exercise
357(1)
Food For Thought
358(1)
Glossary 359(9)
References 368(9)
Index 377(6)
About the Author 383
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