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EU and Nanotechnologies: A Critical Analysis [Kietas viršelis]

Tanja Ehnert (EU Ombudsman, France)

Formatas: Hardback, 296 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 584 g
Serija: Modern Studies in European Law
Išleidimo metai: 10-Aug-2017
Leidėjas: Hart Publishing
ISBN-10: 1509908501
ISBN-13: 9781509908509

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Laws of Specific jurisdictions - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 4 prekės)
Nanotechnology - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 1 prekės)

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Formatas: Hardback, 296 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 584 g
Serija: Modern Studies in European Law
Išleidimo metai: 10-Aug-2017
Leidėjas: Hart Publishing
ISBN-10: 1509908501
ISBN-13: 9781509908509

Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

Laws of Specific jurisdictions - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 4 prekės)
Nanotechnology - (Šiuo metu turimos knygos: 1 prekės)

Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781509908509.html

Raktažodžiai:

This book investigates the role of law in confronting major societal transformations, namely globalisation and the emergence of nanotechnologies. Taking the case of the European Union, it explores who the key decision-makers in the field of nanotechnologies are and how they take decisions. Questions are explored through two distinct case studies: the food and chemicals sectors. The incremental retreat of the European Union to its executive powers, including 'soft law' measures such as agencies' guidelines or comitology measures, is charted. This, the author argues, results in the Union's fundamental democratic control mechanisms-the EU legislature and the Court of Justice-being circumvented. The book recommends several immediate proposals to reform EU risk regulation, advocating a greater reliance on the European Parliament and outlining measures to increase the transparency of guidance drafting by EU agencies. This important work provides a timely examination of how emerging technologies pose both regulatory and democratic challenges. Based on a revised Phd thesis. (Series: Modern Studies in European Law) [ Subject: Information Technology Law, EU Law]

Recenzijos

I recommend the book to academics in the fields of law and social sciences as well as to practitioners with an interest in EUs handling of new technologies and in EU policy design in general. Specifically, the book presents an abundant source of case material highlighting the desirability of a single legal framework for EU administrative procedure. -- Professor Stephan Meyer * European Journal of Risk Regulation *

Acknowledgements

Table of Cases

xiii

Table of Legislation

xvii

Introduction: Regulating the Invisible

xxix

1 Setting the Scene: Nanotechnologies and their Regulation at the EU Level

(13)

I What are Nanotechnologies?

(2)

II Between Nanomania and Nanophobia

(2)

III Risk as a Rationale for Regulatory Intervention

(2)

IV The EU's Approach to the Regulation of Nanotechnologies: A Bird's Eye Perspective

(5)

A The EU's Incremental Approach to Nanotechnologies

(2)

B The Legislative Review

(2)

C Complementary Elements

(1)

V Conclusion

(2)

2 Regulating in Today's Nano Society

(26)

I Embedding the Regulation of Nanotechnologies in Its Societal Context

(6)

A Globalisation

(1)

B Functional Differentiation

(1)

C The Rise of the Risk Society

(2)

D Through the Lenses of Nanotechnologies

(1)

II Regulating in Today's Nano Society: Two Theoretical Accounts

(7)

A A Deliberative Account

(3)

B A Reflexive Account

(3)

C Grasping the `Procedural Turn'

(1)

III Translating the Debate to the EU Level

(11)

A The Rise of `New Modes of Governance'

(2)

i The White Paper on European Governance

(1)

ii The Concept of `New (Modes of) Governance'

(2)

B The Rise of European Risk Regulation

(2)

i Risk Analysis

(1)

ii Precaution

(2)

IV Conclusion and Next Steps

(2)

3 Analysing EU (Risk) Regulation through the Lenses of Regulatory Capacity

(32)

I Denning the Object of Analysis: `EU Regulation'

(9)

A Excursus: Law, Regulation and Governance

(4)

B Denning `Regulation'

(1)

C The Regulatory Spectrum at the EU Level

(1)

i Public-Private

(1)

ii Legal Effect

(3)

D The Object of Analysis: `EU Regulation'

(1)

II Putting on the Analytical Lenses of Regulatory Capacity

(21)

A First Element: Pooling Knowledge

(1)

i Denning `Knowledge'

(1)

ii The Impact Assessment as a Procedure to Pool Knowledge

(4)

iii Extending the Impact Assessment Procedure to Parliament and Council

(2)

B Second Element: Ensuring Legitimate Regulation

(1)

i Denning `Legitimacy'

(2)

ii Participation at the EU Level

(5)

iii Holding the EU Regulator to Account

(6)

III Conclusion

(2)

4 Nanotechnologies in Food

(72)

I Nanotechnologies in Food

(5)

A Innovating Food Production and Processing

(1)

B Applications of Nanotechnologies in Food

(1)

i Nanomania: Exploiting Nanotechnologies for the Food Sector

(1)

ii Nanophobia: Environmental, Health and Safety Risks of Nanofoods

(1)

C The EU Food Industry and Nanotechnologies

(1)

II The EU Regulatory Framework for Nanotechnologies in Food

(17)

A EU Legislative Framework for Food: Fit for Nano?

(1)

i The General Food Law

(1)

ii Specific EU Food Law

(6)

iii State of Play: A Cautious European Commission

(1)

B Addressing Nanotechnologies via the Executive Route

(1)

i Via Comitology: Implementing Acts under the FCM Regulation

(1)

ii Via Agency Guidance Documents: EFSA's Guidance on Risk Assessment of Nanotechnologies in Food and Feed

(1)

iii Via Commission Recommendations: Denning the Term `Nanomaterial'

(4)

iv Synthesis: Towards Executive Rule Making

(1)

III Analysing the EU's Regulation of Nanofoods through the Lenses of Regulatory Capacity

(47)

A Pooling Knowledge

(1)

i The Impact Assessment: A Tool to Pool Knowledge?

(4)

ii Knowledge Collection through Commission Expert Groups

(2)

iii Knowledge Collection in the Drafting of EFSA's Guidance Document

101

(2)

iv Synthesis: Pooling Knowledge in the Drafting of a Regulatory Framework for Nanotechnologies in Food

103

(3)

B Participation

106

(1)

i Political Participation

107

(1)

ii Administrative Participation

108

(9)

iii Synthesis: Participation in Nano Practice

117

(1)

C Accountability

118

(1)

i Political Accountability vis-a-vis the European Parliament

118

(5)

ii Legal Accountability: The Role of the EU Courts

123

(10)

iii Administrative Accountability: Making Way for the EU Ombudsman

133

(3)

iv Social Accountability: A Transparent Regulatory Process?

136

(4)

v Synthesis: Holding the EU Regulator to Account

140

(1)

IV Conclusion

141

(3)

5 Nanotechnologies in Chemicals

144

(55)

I Nanotechnologies in Chemicals

144

(4)

A Innovating Chemicals

144

(1)

B Applications of Nanotechnologies in the Chemicals Sector

145

(1)

i Nanomania

146

(1)

ii Nanophobia

147

(1)

C The EU Chemicals Sector and Nanotechnologies

148

(1)

II The EU Regulatory Framework for Nanotechnologies in Chemicals

148

(18)

A Reforming the EU Chemicals Policy

148

(2)

i REACH and Its Main Pillars

150

(4)

ii REACH and Nano

154

(4)

iii Revising REACH? No But Yes

158

(2)

B Addressing Nanotechnologies via Comitology

160

(1)

C Addressing Nanotechnologies via ECHA Guidance Documents

160

(2)

i ECHA Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment

162

(2)

ii ECHA Guidance on Nanomaterials in IUCLID 5

164

(1)

D The State of Play: Spotlight on the EU Executive

165

(1)

III Analysing the EU's Regulation of Nanochemicals through the Lenses of Regulatory Capacity

166

(31)

A Pooling Knowledge

167

(1)

i Pooling Knowledge in the Drafting of the REACH Implementing Act(s)

167

(3)

ii Pooling Knowledge in the Drafting of ECHA's Guidance Documents

170

(9)

iii Synthesis: Pooling Knowledge

179

(1)

B Participation

180

(1)

i Participation in the Drafting of REACH'S Implementing Act(s)

181

(3)

ii Participation in the Drafting of ECHA's Guidance Documents

184

(4)

iii Synthesis: From Parliamentary Absence and a Cosy Stakeholder Collaboration

188

(2)

C Accountability

190

(1)

i The Parliament's ex post Scrutiny of ECHA's Guidance Documents

190

(1)

ii In Legal Twilight: The Role of the EU Courts

191

(2)

iii Administrative Accountability: The Expandable Role of the European Ombudsman

193

(1)

iv Social Accountability: Transparency on Paper

194

(2)

v Synthesis: Holding ECHA to Account

196

(1)

IV Conclusion

197

(2)

6 Conclusion

199

(26)

I Regulating in Today's Nano Society: The Point of Departure

199

(1)

II Spotlight on the EU Executive

200

(1)

III Main Findings of the Critical Analysis or the Pitfalls of `New Governance'

201

(5)

A The Impact Assessment: Between Empty Proceduralisation and Strategic Choice

201

(1)

B The Fragmentary Proceduralisation of EU Agency Rule Making

202

(1)

C Depoliticisation: Towards Technocratic Rule?

203

(1)

i The Lack of Parliamentary Involvement

203

(1)

ii The Spectacle of Administrative Participation

203

(1)

D The (Self-)Tied Hands of the EU Courts

204

(1)

E (In)transparency

205

(1)

IV Repercussions for the Meta-Theoretical Level: Is `New Governance' `Better Governance'?

206

(1)

V Strengthening Regulatory Capacity: Proposals for Reform at the Micro Level

207

(10)

A Impact Assessment Reloaded

207

(1)

i Clarifying its Scope of Application

207

(2)

ii The Operation of the Impact Assessment: Proportionate Level of Analysis or Carte Blanche!

209

(1)

B Towards a Structured Proceduralisation in EU Agencies

210

(1)

C Repoliticising a Depoliticised Political Debate

211

(2)

D From Lapdog to Watchdog: The Catalyst Function of the EU Courts

213

(2)

E Taking the EU Ombudsman Seriously

215

(1)

F Fostering a Transparent Regulatory Process

216

(1)

VI Three Facades of EU Risk Regulation

217

(7)

A The Facade of Participation

218

(2)

B The Facade of Scientific Truth

220

(2)

C The Facade of Non-Bindingness

222

(2)

VII Outlook

224

(1)

Bibliography

225

(18)

Index

243

Tanja Ehnert is a legal officer at the EU Ombudsman.

EU and Nanotechnologies: A Critical Analysis [Kietas viršelis]

Recenzijos

Paskyra ir nustatymai

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