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Evidence-Based Practitioner: Applying Research to Meet Client Needs Second Edition [Minkštas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 336 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 276x214x18 mm, weight: 321 g, 122 illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 25-Oct-2022
  • Leidėjas: F.A. Davis Company
  • ISBN-10: 1719642818
  • ISBN-13: 9781719642811
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 336 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 276x214x18 mm, weight: 321 g, 122 illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 25-Oct-2022
  • Leidėjas: F.A. Davis Company
  • ISBN-10: 1719642818
  • ISBN-13: 9781719642811
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Put the evidence to work for your clients. Become an effective evidence-based practitioner.
Master the knowledge and clinical decision-making skills you need to provide the very best care for your clients…based on the evidence. Step by step, you’ll learn how to find, read, understand, critique, and apply research evidence in practice.
 
Five Stars!  Great Book!“This is an exceptional book for not only OT students but other students in other health profession disciplines as well!”—Online Reviewer 

  • Updated! Current evidence and the policies and practices of occupational therapy today
  • Expanded! Statistics coverage in three chapters: Descriptive Statistics: What They Tell You and How to Apply Them in Practice, Inferential Statistics: Tests of Difference, and Inferential Statistics for Relationship Questions
  • New & Expanded! Qualitative research coverage in two chapters: Qualitative Designs: Exploring the Lived Experience and a new chapter, Trustworthiness of Qualitative Studies
  • New! Introduction of the critically appraised paper (CAP) as a concept with a new feature that walks students through completing one
  • Guiding principle of ‘Consuming vs. Conducting’ research
  • How to write a research question that addresses a relevant practice problem and then how to find, read, and apply evidence to address the question
  • Explanations of the different types of research and the methods and measurements used in each type, including their advantages and disadvantages.
  • ‘From the Evidence,” excerpts with real data, abstracts, figures and tables from published research and coverage of how to decipher their meaning and apply them in practice
  • “Evidence in the Real World,” personal narratives from health professionals who demonstrate using evidence in their practice
  • “Understanding Statistics” boxes
  • Worktext format with “Exercises” that encourage students to apply new concepts in the moment.
  • “Review Questions” at the end of each chapter
  • Answers to questions in the worktext at the end of each chapter
Chapter 1 Defining Evidence-Based Practice: Why Practitioners Need to Understand Research
1(24)
What Is Evidence-Based Practice?
3(5)
External Scientific Evidence
3(2)
Practitioner Experience
5(1)
Client Situation and Values
5(3)
Why Evidence-Based Practice?
8(1)
The Process Of Evidence-Based Practice
8(1)
Formulate a Question Based on a Clinical Problem
8(1)
Identify the Relevant Evidence
9(1)
Evaluate the Evidence
9(1)
Implement Useful Findings
9(1)
Evaluate the Outcomes
9(1)
Writing An Evidence-Based Question
9(9)
Questions on Efficacy of an Intervention
9(2)
Research Designs for Efficacy Questions and Levels of Evidence
11(4)
Questions for Usefulness of an Assessment
15(1)
Research Designs Used in Assessment Studies
15(1)
Questions for Description of a Condition
16(1)
Research Designs Used in Descriptive Studies
16(1)
Questions for Prediction of an Outcome
16(1)
Research Designs Used in Predictive Studies
16(1)
Questions About the Client's Lived Experience
17(1)
Research Designs Addressing the Client's Lived Experience
18(1)
Critically Appraised Topics And Critically Appraised Papers
18(3)
Review Questions
21(1)
Answers
22(1)
References
23(2)
Chapter 2 Finding and Reading Evidence: The First Steps in Evidence-Based Practice
25(22)
Identifying Databases
26(3)
PubMed
28(1)
Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature
29(1)
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
29(1)
Employing Search Strategies
29(4)
Selecting Key Words and Search Terms
30(1)
Combining Terms and Using Advanced Search
30(2)
Using Limits and Filters
32(1)
Expanding Your Search
32(1)
Accessing The Evidence
33(2)
The Research Librarian
34(1)
Professional Organizations
35(1)
Determining The Credibility Of A Source Of Evidence
35(4)
Web Sites
35(1)
The Public Press and News Media
36(1)
Clients' Use of Evidence
36(1)
Scholarly Publications
36(1)
Impact Factor
37(1)
The Peer-Review Process
37(1)
Research Funding Bias
37(1)
Publication Bias
38(1)
Duplicate Publication
38(1)
Distinguishing Scholarly Journals From Other Sources
38(1)
Reading A Research Article
39(5)
Title
39(1)
Authorship
39(1)
Abstract
39(1)
Introduction
39(1)
Methods
39(2)
Results
41(1)
Discussion
42(1)
References
42(1)
Acknowledgments
42(2)
Review Questions
44(1)
Answers
45(1)
References
45(2)
Chapter 3 Understanding Research Methods and Variables: A Foundation for Evaluating Research
47(24)
Types Of Research
48(13)
Experimental Research
48(3)
Nonexperimental Research
51(3)
Quantitative Research
54(2)
Qualitative Research
56(1)
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Research
57(1)
Basic and Applied Research
58(3)
Hypothesis Testing: Type I And Type II Errors
61(1)
Variables
62(5)
Independent Variables
62(1)
Dependent Variables
63(1)
Control Variables
63(1)
Extraneous Variables
63(4)
Review Questions
67(1)
Answers
68(1)
References
69(2)
Chapter 4 Descriptive Statistics: What They Tell You and How to Apply Them in Practice
71(16)
Symbols Used With Statistics
72(1)
Descriptive Statistics
72(1)
Frequencies And Frequency Distributions
72(1)
Measure Of Central Tendency
73(3)
Mode
73(1)
Mean
73(2)
Median
75(1)
Measures Of Variability
76(4)
Normal And Skewed Distributions
80(3)
Review Questions
83(1)
Answers
84(1)
References
85(2)
Chapter 5 Inferential Statistics: Tests Of Differences
87(20)
Symbols Used With Statistics That Analyze Differences
88(1)
Statistical Significance
88(2)
Parametric Statistics To Analyze Differences
90(8)
The r-Test
90(2)
Analysis of Variance
92(1)
One-Way ANOVA
92(1)
Repeated Measures ANOVA
93(1)
Mixed-Model ANOVA
94(2)
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
96(2)
Nonparametric Statistics For Analyzing Differences
98(2)
Chi-Square
98(1)
Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis Tests
98(2)
Other Statistics That Aid In The Interpretation Of Difference Tests
100(4)
Confidence Interval
102(1)
Power
102(2)
Review Questions
104(1)
Answers
104(2)
References
106(1)
Chapter 6 Inferential Statistics for Analyzing Relationships
107(16)
Research Designs And Symbols Used With Inferential Relationship Statistics
108(1)
Relationship Statistics For Continuous Data
108(6)
Scatterplots for Graphing Relationships
109(1)
Relationships Between Two Variables
110(1)
Correlation Tables
110(2)
Linear Regression
112(2)
Relationship Statistics For Dichotomous Data
114(6)
Odds Ratio
116(2)
Risk Ratio
118(1)
Hazards Ratio
118(1)
Distinguishing Between Odds Ratios, Risk Ratios, and Hazards Ratios
119(1)
Review Questions
120(1)
Answers
121(1)
References
122(1)
Chapter 7 Evaluating Measurement Studies and Selecting Appropriate Tests Using the Evidence
123(20)
Types Of Scoring And Measures
124(2)
Continuous Versus Discrete Data
124(1)
Norm-Referenced Versus Criterion-Referenced Measures
125(1)
Norm-Referenced Measures
125(1)
Criterion-Referenced Measures
126(1)
Test Reliability
126(3)
Standardized Tests
127(1)
Test-Retest Reliability
127(1)
Inter-Rater Reliability
128(1)
Internal Consistency
128(1)
Test Validity
129(5)
Construct Validity
129(2)
Sensitivity and Specificity
131(3)
Relationship Between Reliability and Validity
134(1)
Responsiveness
134(4)
Review Questions
138(1)
Answers
139(1)
References
140(3)
Chapter 8 Choosing Interventions for Practice: Designs to Answer Efficacy Questions
143(26)
Research Design Notation
144(1)
Between- And Withingroup Comparisons
145(3)
Research Designs For Answering Efficacy Questions
148(14)
Designs Without a Control Group
148(1)
Randomized Controlled Trials
149(2)
Crossover Designs
151(2)
Nonrandomized Controlled Trials
153(1)
Factorial Designs
154(3)
Single-Subject Designs
157(1)
Retrospective Intervention Studies
157(5)
Sample Size And Intervention Research
162(1)
Cost Effectiveness As An Outcome
162(2)
Review Questions
164(1)
Answers
164(2)
References
166(3)
Chapter 9 Descriptive and Predictive Research Designs: Understanding Conditions and Making Clinical Predictions
169(20)
Descriptive Research For Understanding Conditions And Populations
170(4)
Incidence and Prevalence Studies
170(1)
Group Comparison Studies
171(1)
Survey Research
172(2)
Study Designs To Predict An Outcome
174(10)
Predictive Studies Using Correlational Methods
174(1)
Simple Prediction Between Two Variables
174(1)
Multiple Predictors for a Single Outcome
175(3)
Predictive Studies Using Group Comparison Methods
178(1)
Case-Control Studies
178(3)
Cohort Studies
181(3)
Evaluating Descriptive And Predictive Studies
184(1)
Levels Of Evidence For Prognostic Studies
185(1)
Review Questions
186(1)
Answers
187(1)
References
188(1)
Chapter 10 Validity: What Makes a Quantitative Study Strong?
189(28)
Validity
190(1)
Statistical Conclusion Validity
190(4)
Threats to Statistical Conclusion Validity
190(1)
Fishing
190(1)
Low Power
191(3)
Internal Validity
194(10)
Threats to Internal Validity
194(1)
Assignment and Selection Threats
194(4)
Maturation Threats
198(1)
History Threats
198(1)
Regression to the Mean Threats
199(1)
Testing Threats
199(1)
Instrumentation Threats
200(1)
Experimenter and Participant Bias Threats
200(2)
Attrition and Mortality Threats
202(2)
External Validity
204(2)
Threats to External Validity
204(1)
Sampling Error
204(1)
Ecological Validity Threats
205(1)
Internal Versus External Validity
206(2)
Using A Scale To Evaluate The Strength Of A Study
208(4)
Review Questions
212(1)
Answers
212(2)
References
214(3)
Chapter 11 Qualitative Designs: Exploring the Lived Experience
217(20)
Philosophy And Process
218(6)
Philosophy
218(1)
Research Questions
219(1)
Selection of Participants and Settings
219(1)
Methods of Data Collection
220(1)
Data Analysis
221(3)
Qualitative Research Designs
224(8)
Phenomenology
224(1)
Grounded Theory
225(1)
Ethnography
226(1)
Narrative
226(2)
Participatory Research
228(3)
Mixed-Methods Research
231(1)
Finding Qualitative Research
232(1)
Review Questions
233(1)
Answers
234(1)
References
235(2)
Chapter 12 Trustworthiness of Qualitative Studies
237(14)
Properties Of Strong Qualitative Studies
238(1)
Credibility
239(4)
Prolonged Engagement
239(1)
Interview Questions and Interviewing Skills
239(1)
Triangulation
240(3)
Member Checking
243(1)
Transferability
243(1)
Thick Description
243(1)
Purposive Sampling
244(1)
Dependability
244(1)
Multiple Coders
244(1)
Audit Trail
244(1)
Confirmability
245(1)
Saturation
246(1)
Reflexivity
246(1)
Matching Methods With The Purpose And Research Design
246(1)
Review Questions
247(1)
Answers
248(1)
References
249(2)
Chapter 13 Using Tools to Synthesize the Results of Multiple Studies: Systematic Reviews and Practice Guidelines
251(24)
Systematic Reviews
252(6)
Finding Systematic Reviews
252(1)
Reading Systematic Reviews
253(1)
Evaluating the Strength of Systematic Reviews
254(1)
Replication
254(3)
Publication Bias
257(1)
Heterogeneity
257(1)
Data Analysis In Systematic Reviews
258(5)
Meta-analyses
258(4)
Qualitative Thematic Synthesis
262(1)
Practice Guidelines
263(6)
Finding Practice Guidelines
266(1)
Evaluating the Strength of Practice Guidelines
266(3)
The Complexities Of Applying And Using Systematic Reviews And Practice Guidelines
269(1)
Review Questions
270(1)
Answers
271(1)
References
272(3)
Chapter 14 Sharing Evidence With Clients, Families, and Colleagues
275(18)
Client-Centered Practice
276(1)
Shared Decision Making
277(1)
Education And Communication
278(8)
Components of the Process
280(1)
People Involved
280(1)
Engaging the Client in the Process
280(1)
Consensus Building
281(1)
Agreement
281(2)
Decision Aids
283(1)
Content
283(1)
Resources for Shared Decision Making
283(3)
Sharing Information With Colleagues
286(3)
Journal Clubs
286(2)
Communities of Practice
288(1)
Review Questions
289(1)
Answers
290(1)
References
291(2)
Appendix A Critically Appraised Paper (CAP) Template 293(2)
Glossary 295(8)
Index 303