About the Authors xi
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Acronyms xix
Symbols xxiii
1 Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms and Evolutionary Large-Scale Optimization 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) 5
1.3 Evolutionary Large-Scale Optimization 21
1.4 Summary 24
2 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 31
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Test Problems for Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 32
2.3 Performance Indicators 54
2.4 Test Problems for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 58
2.5 Performance Indicator for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 71
2.6 Summary 76
3 Evolutionary Algorithms for Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 83
3.1 Introduction 83
3.2 Random Grouping-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 89
3.3 Decision Variable Clustering-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 93
3.4 Problem Reformulation-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 101
3.5 Competitive Swarm Optimizer-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 106
3.6 Experimental Comparisons 110
3.7 Summary 112
4 Evolutionary Algorithms for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 119
4.1 Introduction 119
4.2 Bi-Level Encoding-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 121
4.3 Machine Learning-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm 127
4.4 Data Mining-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm 134
4.5 Experimental Comparisons 143
4.6 Summary 146
5 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization for Community Detection in Complex Networks 151
5.1 Introduction 151
5.2 Network Reduction-Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Community Detection 152
5.3 Parallel Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Community Detection 165
5.4 Summary 178
6 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Logistics Scheduling 183
6.1 Introduction 183
6.2 Evolutionary Multi-Objective Route Grouping-Based Heuristic Algorithm for Large-Scale Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems 184
6.3 Clustering-Based Surrogate-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Shelter Location Problem Under Uncertainty of Road Networks 195
6.4 Summary 206
7 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Power Systems 211
7.1 Introduction 211
7.2 Ratio Error Estimation of Voltage Transformers 212
7.3 Problem Knowledge-Driven Coevolutionary Algorithm for Time-Varying Ratio Error Estimation 221
7.4 Summary 229
8 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Radiotherapy Planning 235
8.1 Introduction 235
8.2 Problem Formulation 237
8.3 Bi-Encoding Coevolutionary Algorithm for IMRT Planning 240
8.4 Experimental Studies 252
8.5 Summary 255
9 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Deep Learning 259
9.1 Introduction 259
9.2 Gradient-Guided Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Training Deep Neural Networks 260
9.3 Action Command Encoding-Based Surrogate-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm for Neural Architecture Search 288
9.4 Summary 310
References 310
Index 319