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Evolving Earth [Loose-leaf]

4.50/5 (2 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formatas: Loose-leaf, 540 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 211x277x20 mm, weight: 1111 g, Illustrations, unspecified
  • Išleidimo metai: 09-Jan-2020
  • Leidėjas: OUP India
  • ISBN-10: 0190647728
  • ISBN-13: 9780190647728
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Evolving EarthDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Loose-leaf, 540 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 211x277x20 mm, weight: 1111 g, Illustrations, unspecified
  • Išleidimo metai: 09-Jan-2020
  • Leidėjas: OUP India
  • ISBN-10: 0190647728
  • ISBN-13: 9780190647728
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780190647728.html
Raktažodžiai:
Written by award-winning author Donald R. Prothero, The Evolving Earth provides a lively, engaging tour through 4.5 billion years of earth and life evolution. Completely up-to-date, the book focuses on the evidence for "How do we know what we know?"--explaining how geologists and paleontologists developed our knowledge about the ancient past--rather than focusing on memorization.

While covering the conventional topics of earth history, The Evolving Earth also offers an in-depth discussion of the Big Bang theory and the origin of the universe and solar system; an entire chapter on human evolution; and coverage of topics like climate change, the Anthropocene, and possible future scenarios for the earth. Prothero explains topics in terms of the "human interest" stories of the people who made these discoveries, and how they came to understand key evidence about earth and life history. Featuring unique paleogeographic maps of particular time intervals, integrated with photographs of the actual outcrops on which the map reconstruction is based, the book also includes a full appendix--suitable for use in labs on fossils--providing background to the major groups of fossils.
Preface ix
Part I Deciphering The Earth 2(138)
Chapter 1 The Abyss of Time
4(14)
1.1 Deep Time and Immense Space
6(3)
1.2 "No Vestige of a Beginning"
9(4)
1.3 The Scientific Method
13(5)
Box 1.1: How Do We Apply Uniformitarianism Today?
13(5)
Chapter 2 Building Blocks: Minerals and Rocks
18(22)
2.1 Atoms and Elements
20(1)
2.2 Minerals and Rocks
21(4)
2.3 Igneous Rocks
25(4)
Box 2.1: How Do Magmas Change Chemistry?
27(2)
2.4 Sedimentary Rocks
29(3)
2.5 Metamorphic Rocks
32(3)
2.6 The Rock Cycle
35(5)
Chapter 3 It's About Time!: Dating Rocks
40(20)
3.1 How Old are the Universe and the Earth?
42(1)
3.2 Steno's Laws and Unconformities
43(4)
3.3 Relative Dating and Geologic History
47(1)
3.4 Numerical Dating
47(11)
Box 3.1: How Do We Date the Oldest Rocks?
50(5)
Box 3.2: How Do We Know the Age of the Earth?
55(3)
3.5 Conclusion
58(2)
Chapter 4 Stratigraphy
60(24)
4.1 The Record in the Rocks
62(4)
Box 4.1: How Do We Know That "Layer Cake" Geology Is Not Real?
64(2)
4.2 Sedimentary Environments and Facies
66(6)
4.3 Transgression and Regression
72(3)
4.4 Geologically Instantaneous Events
75(1)
4.5 Biostratigraphy
76(2)
4.6 Time, Time-Rock, and Rock Units
78(1)
4.7 The Geologic Timescale
79(2)
4.8 Conclusion
81(3)
Chapter 5 Plate Tectonics and Sedimentary Basins
84(26)
5.1 The Way the Earth Works
86(5)
5.2 Plate Tectonics
91(14)
Box 5.1: How Did Ancient Magnetic Directions Lead to Plate Tectonics?
92(13)
5.3 Sedimentary Basins and Plate Tectonics
105(2)
5.4 Conclusion
107(3)
Chapter 6 Evolution
110(30)
6.1 The Evolving Earth-And Evolving Life
112(3)
6.2 The Evolution of Darwin
115(5)
6.3 Darwin's Evidence of Evolution
120(4)
6.4 The Origin of Variation
124(1)
6.5 On the Origin of Species
124(3)
Box 6.1: How Do Genes Work?
125(2)
6.6 Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism
127(1)
6.7 Challenges to Neo-Darwinism
128(4)
6.8 Macroevolution and "Evo Devo"
132(2)
6.9 Evolution Happens All the Time!
134(6)
Part II Earth and Life History 140(334)
Chapter 7 Birth of the Earth
142(20)
7.2 Origins
144(1)
7.2 The "Big Bang" and the Origin of the Universe
145(4)
7.3 The Solar Nebula Hypothesis
149(1)
7.4 The Earth Develops Layers
150(5)
Box 7.1: How Do We Know What Is Inside the Earth?
151(4)
7.5 Moonstruck
155(2)
7.6 Cooling Down: The Oceans Form
157(5)
Chapter 8 The Early Earth: The Precambrian
162(24)
8.1 The Precambrian or Cryptozoic
164(2)
8.2 The Hadean (4.56-4.0 Ga): Hell on Earth
166(1)
8.3 The Archean (4.0-2.5 Ga): Alien World
167(4)
8.4 Proterozoic Eon (2.5-0.5 Ga): Transition to the Modern World
171(6)
8.5 The Snowball Earth
177(3)
8.6 The Precambrian Atmosphere
180(6)
Box 8.1: How Did the Early Earth Not Freeze Over?
181(5)
Chapter 9 The Origin and Early Evolution of Life
186(20)
9.1 How Did Life Begin?
188(1)
9.2 Polymers and Salad Dressing
189(2)
9.3 Mud and Mosh Pits, Kitty Litter and Fool's Gold
191(1)
9.4 Planet of the Scum
192(5)
Box 9.1: How Did Complex Eukaryotic Cells Evolve?
193(4)
9.5 The Cambrian "Explosion"-Or "Slow Fuse"?
197(3)
9.6 Why Did Life Change so Slowly Before the Cambrian?
200(6)
Chapter 10 The Early Paleozoic: Cambrian-Ordovician
206(32)
10.1 Transgressing Seas in a Greenhouse World
208(2)
10.2 The Sauk Transgression (Latest Proterozoic- Early Ordovician)
210(8)
Box 10.1: What Do Limestones Tell Us?
212(6)
10.3 The Tippecanoe Sequence (Middle Ordovician-Early Devonian)
218(2)
10.4 The Mountains Rise: The Taconic Orogeny (Middle-Late Ordovician)
220(3)
10.5 Early Paleozoic Life
223(15)
Chapter 11 The Middle Paleozoic: Silurian and Devonian
238(26)
11.1 Reefs, Limestones, and Evaporites
240(5)
11.2 The Kaskaskia Sequence
245(1)
11.3 The Acadian Orogeny
245(5)
11.4 Middle Paleozoic Life
250(7)
11.5 Devonian Mass Extinctions
257(7)
Box 11.1: How Do We Know About Transitional Fossils?
259(5)
Chapter 12 The Late Paleozoic: Carboniferous and Permian
264(30)
12.1 The Late Paleozoic: A World of Change
266(4)
12.2 Continental Collision and Mountain- Building
270(7)
Box 12.1: How Do We Interpret the Cyclic Deposition in the Carboniferous?
276(1)
12.3 The Permian Supercontinent
277(2)
12.4 Life in the Late Paleozoic
279(9)
12.5 The "Great Dying"
288(6)
Chapter 13 The Mesozoic: Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
294(46)
13.1 The Age of Dinosaurs
296(1)
13.2 Triassic: Beginning of the Breakup
296(4)
13.3 Jurassic Tectonics
300(6)
13.4 Cretaceous World: Greenhouse of the Dinosaurs
306(3)
13.5 The Laramide Orogeny
309(2)
13.6 Life in the Mesozoic Oceans
311(8)
13.7 Life on the Mesozoic Landscape
319(11)
Box 13.1: How Do We Know About the Dinosaurs?
322(8)
13.8 The End of the Age of Dinosaurs
330(10)
Chapter 14 The Cenozoic: Paleogene and Neogene Periods
340(62)
14.1 The Transition to Today
342(1)
14.2 Breakup of Pangea
342(7)
Box 14.1: How Do We Know that the Mediterranean Was Once a Desert?
347(2)
14.3 The Ring of Fire
349(3)
14.4 The Hawaiian Hot Spot
352(1)
14.5 North American Cenozoic Geology
353(20)
14.6 Cenozoic Life and Climate
373(10)
Box 14.2: How Do We Know Ancient Temperatures?
376(7)
14.7 Cenozoic Land Life
383(19)
Chapter 15 The Cenozoic: The Pleistocene
402(24)
15.1 The Ice Age Cometh
404(2)
15.2 A World of Ice
406(6)
15.3 What Caused the Ice Ages?
412(5)
Box 10.1: How Do We Know What Controls Ice Age Cycles?
414(3)
15.4 Life in the Ice Ages
417(2)
15.5 Ice Age: The Meltdown
419(2)
15.6 Where Have All the Mammals Gone?
421(5)
Chapter 16 Human Evolution
426(22)
16.1 The Descent of Man
428(3)
16.2 The Human Fossil Record
431(10)
Box 16.1: What Do Genes Tell Us About Our Relation to Apes?
439(2)
16.3 Miracles from Molecules
441(4)
16.4 A Perspective
445(3)
Chapter 17 The Cenozoic: The Holocene-and the Future
448(26)
17.1 The Holocene
450(1)
17.2 Climate and Human History
450(4)
17.3 The Anthropocene
454(13)
Box 17.1: How Do We Know That Humans Are Causing Climate Change?
461(6)
17.4 The Future of Planet Earth
467(2)
17.5 The Geological Perspective from Earth's History
469(5)
Appendix A: Biological Classification 474(32)
Biological Classification
474(1)
The Classification of Life
475(31)
Appendix B : SI and Customary Units and Their Conversions 506(1)
Credits 507(2)
Index 509