This volume explores the ethics of making or expanding families through adoption or technologically assisted reproduction. For many people, these methods are separate and distinct: they can choose either adoption or assisted reproduction. But for others, these options blend together. For example, in some jurisdictions, the path of assisted reproduction for same-sex couples is complicated by the need for the partner who is not genetically related to the resulting child to adopt this child if she wants to become the child's legal parent.
The essays in this volume critically examine moral choices to pursue adoption, assisted reproduction, or both, and highlight the social norms that can distort decision-making. Among these norms are those that favour people having biologically related children ('bionormativity') or that privilege a traditional understanding of family as a heterosexual unit with one or more children where both parents are the genetic, biological, legal, and social parents of these children.
As a whole, the book looks at how adoption and assisted reproduction are morally distinct from one another, but also emphasizes how the two are morally similar. Choosing one, the other, or both of these approaches to family-making can be complex in some respects, but ought to be simple in others, provided that one's main goal is to become a parent.
Recenzijos
Family-Making is filled with philosophically rich explorations of the nature and limits of parental obligations to their children, whether the children enter their families through sexual reproduction, ART, or adoption. In reading these essays, I found myself longing for the goods of childhood, cherishing the joys of parenting, and marveling at the many-splendored nature of our familial structures and the weighty (and sometimes confusing) moral responsibilities that attach to them. * Sara Goering, ennedy Institute of Ethics Journal *
| Notes on Contributors |
|
ix | |
| Introduction |
|
1 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
Part I Families: Of Parents and Children |
|
|
|
|
|
11 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 The Goods of Childhood and Children's Rights |
|
|
29 | (20) |
|
|
|
Part II Bionormativity: Philosophical and Empirical Perspectives |
|
|
|
3 A Critique of the Bionormative Concept of the Family |
|
|
49 | (15) |
|
|
|
4 The Families of Assisted Reproduction and Adoption |
|
|
64 | (25) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part III Becoming a Parent: Personal Choices |
|
|
|
5 What is the Value of Procreation? |
|
|
89 | (20) |
|
|
|
6 The Unique Value of Adoption |
|
|
109 | (22) |
|
|
|
Part IV Becoming a Parent: State Interests |
|
|
|
7 State Regulation and Assisted Reproduction: Balancing the Interests of Parents and Children |
|
|
131 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
8 "Not for the Faint of Heart": Assessing the Status Quo on Adoption and Parental Licensing |
|
|
151 | (17) |
|
|
|
|
|
9 On Non-Biological Maternity, or "My Daughter is Going to be a Father!" |
|
|
168 | (17) |
|
|
|
Part V Special Responsibilities of Parents |
|
|
|
10 Special Responsibilities of Parents Using Technologically Assisted Reproduction |
|
|
185 | (13) |
|
|
|
11 Adoptee Vulnerability and Post-Adoptive Parental Obligation |
|
|
198 | (24) |
|
|
|
12 The Political Geography of Whites Adopting Black Children in the United States |
|
|
222 | (17) |
|
|
|
Part VI Contested Practices |
|
|
|
13 Analogies to Adoption in Arguments Against Anonymous Gamete Donation: Geneticizing the Desire to Know |
|
|
239 | (26) |
|
|
|
14 Transnational Commercial Contract Pregnancy in India |
|
|
265 | (22) |
|
|
|
15 Aged Parenting through ART and Other Means |
|
|
287 | (26) |
|
|
| Index |
|
313 | |
Franēoise Baylis is Professor and Canada Research Chair in Bioethics and Philosophy at Dalhousie University, Canada, and founder of the NovelTechEthics research team. She is an elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. Her research interests are many and varied, and she has a love of thought-provoking questions. Her publications on the ethics of assisted human reproduction and human embryo research span more than thirty years. In addition to her academic research on reproductive ethics, she contributes to national policy via government research contracts, membership on national committees, and public education. This work--all of which is informed by a strong commitment to the common good--focuses largely on issues of social justice. Her website is http://noveltechethics.ca. Her blog is http://impactethics.ca.
Carolyn McLeod is Associate Professor of Philosophy, an Affiliate Member of Women's Studies and Feminist Research, and a member of the Rotman Institute of Philosophy at the University of Western Ontario. Her research interests lie at the intersection of health care ethics, feminist theory, and moral theory. She has had a long-standing interest in reproductive ethics, beginning with her book, Self-Trust and Reproductive Autonomy (MIT Press, 2002). She has published on various topics in this area, including reproductive autonomy, the commodification of womens reproductive labour, and conscientious refusals by health care professionals to provide reproductive health services such as abortions. Recently, her knowledge of the ethics of having children has broadened to include issues that concern adoption. Her website is http://carolynmcleod.com.
