Foreword |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxi | |
Introduction |
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1 | (13) |
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1 | (3) |
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Geologic and Climatic History of Illinois |
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4 | (3) |
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7 | (7) |
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14 | (6) |
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20 | (4) |
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Key to Amphibians and Reptiles of Illinois |
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24 | (30) |
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Adult and Larval Salamanders |
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26 | (7) |
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33 | (5) |
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38 | (5) |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (9) |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (210) |
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Order Caudata---Salamanders |
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56 | (42) |
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Jefferson Salamander Ambystomo jeffersonianum |
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58 | (2) |
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Blue-spotted Salamander Ambystoma laleralc |
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60 | (2) |
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Spotted Salamander Ambystoma maculotum |
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62 | (2) |
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Marbled Salamander Ambystoma opacum |
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64 | (2) |
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Silvery Salamander Ambystoma platineum |
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66 | (2) |
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Mole Salamander Ambystoma talpoideum |
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68 | (2) |
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Small-mouthed Salamander Ambystoma texanum |
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70 | (2) |
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Eastern Tiger Salamander Ambystoma tigrinum |
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72 | (2) |
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Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis |
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Eastern Hellbender Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis |
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74 | (2) |
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Spotted Dusky Salamander Desmognathus conanti |
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76 | (2) |
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Southern Two-lined Salamander Eurycea cirrigera |
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78 | (2) |
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Long-tailed Salamander Eurycea longicauda |
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Eastern Long-tailed Salamander Eurycea I. longicauda |
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Dark-sided Salamander Eurycea I. melanopleura |
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80 | (2) |
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Cave Salamander Eurycea lucifuga |
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82 | (2) |
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Four-toed Salamander Hemidactylium scutatum |
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84 | (2) |
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Eastern Red-backed Salamander Plethodon cinereus |
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86 | (2) |
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Northern Zigzag Salamander Plethodon dorsalis |
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88 | (2) |
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Northern Slimy Salamander Plethodon glutinosus |
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90 | (2) |
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Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus |
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92 | (2) |
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Common Mudpuppy Necturus m. maculosus |
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Eastern Newt Notophthalmus viridescens |
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94 | (2) |
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Central Newt Notophthalmus v. louisianensis |
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Lesser Siren Siren intermedia |
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Western Lesser Siren Siren i. netting! |
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96 | (2) |
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Order Anura-Frogs And Toads |
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98 | (40) |
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American Toad Anaxyrus americanus |
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100 | (2) |
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Eastern American Toad Anaxyrus a. americanus |
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Dwarf American Toad Anaxyrus a. charlesmithi |
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Fowler's Toad Anaxyrus fowleri |
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102 | (2) |
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Blanchard's Cricket Frog Acris blanchardi |
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104 | (2) |
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Bird-voiced Treefrog Hyla avivoca |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (2) |
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Gray Treefrog Hyla versicolor |
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Cope's Gray Treefrog Hyla chrysoscelis |
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Green Treefrog Hyla cinerea |
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110 | (2) |
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Spring Peeper Pseudacris crucifer |
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112 | (2) |
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Trilling Chorus Frogs Clade |
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114 | (2) |
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Upland Chorus Frog Pseudacris feriarum |
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Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris maculata |
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Western Chorus Frog Pseudacris triseriata |
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Illinois Chorus Frog Pseudacris illinoensis |
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116 | (2) |
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Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad Gastrophryne carolinensis... |
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118 | (2) |
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Eastern Spadefoot Scaphiopus holbrookii |
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120 | (2) |
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Crawfish Frog Rana areolata |
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122 | (2) |
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Northern Crawfish Frog Rana a. circulosa |
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Plains Leopard Frog Rana blairi |
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124 | (2) |
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American Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana |
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126 | (2) |
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Green Frog Rana clamitans |
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128 | (2) |
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Pickerel Frog Rana polustris |
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130 | (2) |
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Northern Leopard Frog Ranapipiens |
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132 | (2) |
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Southern Leopard Frog Rana sphenocephala |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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Order Testudines---Turtles |
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138 | (36) |
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Snapping Turtle Chelydra serpentina |
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140 | (2) |
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Alligator Snapping Turtle Macroclemys temminckii |
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142 | (2) |
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Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta |
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144 | (2) |
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Western Painted Turtle Chrysemys p. bellii |
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Midland Painted Turtle Chrysemys p. marginata |
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Spotted Turtle Clemmys guttata |
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146 | (2) |
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Branding's Turtle Emydoidea blandingii |
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148 | (2) |
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Northern Map Turtle Graptemys geographica |
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150 | (2) |
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Ouachita Map Turtle Graptemys ouachitensis |
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152 | (2) |
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False Map Turtle Graptemys pseudogeographica |
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154 | (2) |
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Northern False Map Turtle Graptemys p. pseudogeographica |
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Mississippi Map Turtle Graptemys p. kohnii |
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River Cooter Pseudemys concinna |
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156 | (2) |
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Eastern River Cooter Pseudemys c. concinna |
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Eastern Box Turtle Terrapene Carolina |
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158 | (2) |
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Woodland Box Turtle Terrapene c. Carolina |
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Three-toed Box Turtle Terrapene c. triunguis |
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Ornate Box Turtle Terrapene ornata |
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160 | (2) |
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Plains Box Turtle Terrapene o. ornata |
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Pond Slider Trachemys scripta |
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162 | (2) |
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Red-eared Slider Trachemys s. elegans |
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Yellow Mud Turtle Kinosternon flavescens |
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164 | (2) |
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Eastern Mud Turtle Kinosternon subrubrum |
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166 | (2) |
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Southeastern Mud Turtle Kinosternon s. subrubrum |
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Mississippi Mud Turtle Kinosternon s. hippocrepis |
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Eastern Musk Turtle Sternotherus odoratus |
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168 | (2) |
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Smooth Softshell Apalone mutica |
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170 | (2) |
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Midland Smooth Softshell Apalone m. mutica |
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Spiny Softshell Apalone spinifera |
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172 | (2) |
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Eastern Spiny Softshell Apalone s. spinifera |
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Order Souamata, Suborder Sauria-Lizards. |
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174 | (14) |
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Slender Glass Lizard Ophisaurus ottenuotus |
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176 | (2) |
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Western Slender Glass Lizard Ophisaurus a. attenuatus |
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Eastern Fence Lizard Sceloporus undulatus |
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178 | (2) |
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Common Five-lined Skink Plestiodon fasciatus |
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180 | (2) |
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Broad-headed Skink Plestiodon laticeps |
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182 | (2) |
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Little Brown Skink Scincella lateralis |
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184 | (2) |
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Six-lined Racerunner Aspidoscelis sexlineatus |
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186 | (2) |
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Eastern Six-lined Racerunner Aspidoscelis s. sexlineatus |
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Prairie Racerunner Aspidoscelis s. viridis |
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Order Souamata, Suborder Serpentes-Snakes |
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188 | (78) |
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Common Wormsnake Carphophis amoenus |
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190 | (2) |
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Midwestern Wormsnake Carphophis a. helenae |
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Kirtland's Snake Clonophis kirtlondii |
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192 | (2) |
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North American Racer Coluber constrictor |
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194 | (2) |
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Blue Racer Coluber c. foxii |
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Southern Black Racer Coluber c. priapus |
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Coach whip Coluber flagellum |
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196 | (2) |
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Eastern Coach whip Coluber f. flagellum |
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Ring-necked Snake Diadophis punctatus |
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198 | (2) |
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Prairie Ring-necked Snake Diadophis p. arnyi |
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Northern Ring-necked Snake Diadophis p. edwardsii |
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Mississippi Ring-necked Snake Diadophis p. stictogenys |
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Red-bellied Mudsnake Farancia abacura |
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200 | (2) |
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Western Mudsnake Farancia a. reinwardtii |
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Plains Hog-nosed Snake Heterodon nosicus |
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202 | (2) |
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Eastern Hog-nosed Snake Heterodon platirhinos |
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204 | (2) |
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Prairie Kingsnake Lampropeltis calligaster |
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206 | (2) |
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Eastern Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula |
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208 | (2) |
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Speckled Kingsnake Lampropeltis g. holbrookii |
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Black Kingsnake Lampropeltis g. niger |
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Milksnake Lampropeltis triangulum |
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210 | (2) |
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Mississippi Green Watersnake Nerodia cyclopion |
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212 | (2) |
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Plain-bellied Watersnake Nerodia erythrogaster |
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214 | (2) |
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Southern Watersnake Nerodia fasciata |
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216 | (2) |
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Broad-banded Watersnake Nerodia f. confluens |
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Diamond-backed Watersnake Nerodia rhombifer |
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218 | (2) |
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Common Watersnake Nerodia sipedon |
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220 | (2) |
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Midland Watersnake Nerodia s. pleurolis |
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Northern Watersnake Nerodios. sipedon |
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Rough Greensnake Opheodrys aestivus |
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222 | (2) |
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Northern Rough Greensnake Opheodrys a. aestivus |
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Smooth Greensnake Opheodrys vernolis |
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224 | (2) |
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Great Plains Ratsnake Pantherophis emoryi |
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226 | (2) |
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Gray Ratsnake Pantherophis spiloides |
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228 | (2) |
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Eastern Foxsnake Pantherophis vulpinus |
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230 | (2) |
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Gophersnake Pituophis cotenifer |
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232 | (2) |
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Bullsnake Pituophis c. soyi |
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Graham's Crayfish Snake Regina grohamii |
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234 | (2) |
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Oueensnake Reginaseptemvittata |
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236 | (2) |
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Dekay's Brownsnake Storerio dekayi |
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238 | (2) |
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Red-bellied Snake Storeria occipitomaculata |
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240 | (2) |
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Flat-headed Snake Tantilla gracilis |
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242 | (2) |
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Western Ribbonsnake Thamnophisproximus |
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244 | (2) |
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Orange-striped Ribbonsnake Thamnophis p. proximus |
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Plains Gartersnake Thamnophis radix |
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246 | (2) |
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Eastern Ribbonsnake Thamnophis saurita |
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248 | (2) |
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Common Ribbonsnake Thamnophis s. saurita |
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Common Gartersnake Thamnophis sirtalis |
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250 | (2) |
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Chicago Gartersnake Thamnophis s. semifosciotus |
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Eastern Gartersnake Thamnophis s. sirtalis |
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Lined Snake Tropidoclonion lineatum |
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252 | (2) |
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Smooth Earthsnake Virginia valeriae |
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254 | (2) |
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Western Smooth Earthsnake Virginia v. elegans |
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Eastern Copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix |
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256 | (2) |
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Northern Cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus |
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258 | (2) |
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Timber Rattlesnake Crotolus horridus |
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260 | (2) |
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Eastern Massasauga Sistrurus catenatus |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (2) |
Additional Reading |
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266 | (2) |
Index |
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268 | |