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El. knyga: Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language Phonology [Taylor & Francis e-book]

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Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language PhonologyDidesnis paveikslėlis
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
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Even though second-language learners may master the grammar and vocabulary of the new languages, they almost never achieve a native phonology (accent). Scholars and professionals dealing with second-language learners would agree that this is one of the most persistent challenges they face.

Now, for the first time, Roy Major's Foreign Accent covers the exploding scholarship in this area and lays out the issues specifically for audiences in the second language acquisition and applied linguistics community.
Preface ix
Chapter 1 Preliminaries to Research in Second Language Phonology
1(29)
1.0 Introduction: Interlanguage
1(5)
1.1 Age of the Learner
6(6)
1.2 Levels of Investigation
12(8)
1.2.1 Segments
13(1)
1.2.2 Syllables
14(2)
1.2.3 Prosody
16(1)
1.2.3.1 Stress
16(1)
1.2.3.2 Length
16(1)
1.2.3.3 Tone and Intonation
17(1)
1.2.3.4 Rhythm and Timing
17(2)
1.2.4 Global Foreign Accent
19(1)
1.3 Theoretical Approaches to Phonology
20(6)
1.3.1 Structuralism, Classical Phonemics, and Contrastive Analysis
20(1)
1.3.2 Generative Phonology
21(1)
1.3.3 Natural Phonology
22(1)
1.3.4 Nonlinear Approaches
22(1)
1.3.5 Connectionism
23(1)
1.3.6 Optimality Theory
23(3)
1.4 Linguistic Theory and Second Language Acquisition Theory
26(1)
1.5 Everyone Speaks an Interlanguage
27(1)
1.6 Conclusion
28(2)
Chapter 2 Linguistic Explanations for Second Language Phonological Systems
30(36)
2.0 Introduction
30(1)
2.1 Transfer and Contrastive Analysis
30(6)
2.2 Similarity and Dissimilarity between the First and Second Language
36(5)
2.3 Universals of Language
41(11)
2.3.1 Markedness
42(4)
2.3.2 Other Universal Factors
46(6)
2.4 Perception
52(10)
2.5 First Language Loss
62(3)
2.6 Conclusion
65(1)
Chapter 3 Variation
66(14)
3.0 Introduction
66(1)
3.1 Individual Variation
66(2)
3.2 Sociolinguistic Variation
68(11)
3.2.1 Style
69(7)
3.2.2 Gender
76(1)
3.2.3 Speech Accommodation Theory
77(1)
3.2.4 Dialects in Contact
78(1)
3.3 Conclusion
79(1)
Chapter 4 The Ontogeny Phylogeny Model of Language Acquisition and Change
80(56)
4.0 Introduction
80(1)
4.1 The Ontogeny Phylogeny Model
81(38)
4.1.1 Chronological Development
85(8)
4.1.2 Stylistic Variation
93(7)
4.1.3 Similarity
100(7)
4.1.4 Markedness
107(5)
4.1.5 Comparison of Normal, Marked, and Similar Phenomena
112(5)
4.1.6 Monitoring and Individual Variation
117(2)
4.2 Multiple Second and Foreign Languages
119(3)
4.3 First Language Loss
122(1)
4.4 Child Language
123(5)
4.4.1 Monolingual Acquisition
123(1)
4.4.2 Bilingual Acquisition
123(5)
4.5 The Ontogeny Phylogeny Model in Different Linguistic Frameworks
128(5)
4.6 The Ontogeny Phylogeny Model and Non-phonological Phenomena
133(1)
4.7 Conclusion
134(2)
Chapter 5 The Ontogeny Phylogeny Model in Language Contact and Change
136(21)
5.0 Introduction
136(1)
5.1 Loan Phonology
136(5)
5.2 Isolation and Assimilation
141(2)
5.3 Bilingualism and Multilingualism
143(3)
5.4 Pidgins and Creoles
146(5)
5.5 Dialects in Contact
151(5)
5.6 Conclusion
156(1)
Chapter 6 Conclusion
157(2)
References 159(39)
Author Index 198(8)
Subject Index 206
Roy C. Major is Professor of English at Arizona State University.
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