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El. knyga: Foreign in Two Homelands: Racism, Return Migration, and Turkish-German History

4.50/5 (4 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Richmond, Virginia)
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Between 1961-1973 Turkish migrants were recruited as guest-workers in Germany, becoming West Germany's largest ethnic minority. This transnational history explores their experiences, emphasizing German racism and the estrangement faced by those who remigrated in the following decades. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

What happens when migrants are rejected by the host society that first invited them? How do they return to a homeland that considers them outsiders? Foreign in Two Homelands explores the transnational history of Turkish migrants, Germany's largest ethnic minority, who arrived as 'guest-workers' (Gastarbeiter) between 1961 and 1973. By the 1980s, amid rising racism, neo-Nazis and ordinary Germans blamed Turks for unemployment, criticized their Muslim faith, and argued they could never integrate. In 1983, policymakers enacted a controversial law: paying Turks to leave. Thus commenced one of modern Europe's largest and fastest waves of remigration: within one year, 15% of the migrants—250,000 men, women, and children—returned to Turkey. Their homeland, however, ostracized them as culturally estranged 'Germanized Turks' (Almanci). Through archival research and oral history interviews in both countries and languages, Michelle Lynn Kahn highlights migrants' personal stories and reveals how many felt foreign in two homelands. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

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This transnational history of Turkish migration to Germany (19611990) explores German racism and the estrangement faced by returnees.
Introduction: The Woman with the German House; Part I. Separation Anxieties;
1. Sex, Lies, and Abandoned Families;
2. Vacations across Cold War Europe;
3. Remittance Machines; Part II. Kicking out the Turks;
4. Racism in Hitler's Shadow;
5. The Mass Exodus;
6. Unhappy in the Homeland; Epilogue: The Final Return?; Bibliography.
Michelle Lynn Kahn is an Associate Professor of Modern European History at the University of Richmond. Her research examines post-1945 Germany and Europe in a global and transnational frame, focusing on migration, racism, far-right extremism, gender, and sexuality. She was awarded the 2019 Fritz Stern Dissertation Prize of the German Historical Institute and the 2022 Chester Penn Higby Prize of the American Historical Association.
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