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Forensic and Investigative Accounting (10th Edition) [Minkštas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, aukštis x plotis x storis: 274x216x28 mm, weight: 1520 g, Illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Aug-2021
  • Leidėjas: CCH Incorporated
  • ISBN-10: 0808056301
  • ISBN-13: 9780808056300
Forensic and Investigative Accounting (10th Edition)Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, aukštis x plotis x storis: 274x216x28 mm, weight: 1520 g, Illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 17-Aug-2021
  • Leidėjas: CCH Incorporated
  • ISBN-10: 0808056301
  • ISBN-13: 9780808056300
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780808056300.html
Raktažodžiai:

Forensic accounting is a growing area of practice in which the knowledge, skills and abilities of advanced accounting are combined with investigative expertise and applied to legal problems. Forensic accountants are often asked to provide litigation support where they are called on to give expert testimony about financial data and accounting activities. In other more proactive engagements, they probe situations using special investigative accounting skills and techniques. Some even see forensic accounting as practiced by skilled accounting specialists becoming part and parcel of most financial audits--an extra quality control step in the auditing process that will help reduce financial statement fraud.

Chapter 1 Introduction To Forensic And Investigative Accounting 1-1(1)
Definition and Development of Forensic Accounting
Defining Forensic Accounting
Historical Roots of Accounting
History of Financial Reports and Legal Challenges
Threads of Forensic Accounting
Accounting Literature Parallels Accounting Practice
The Phrase "Forensic Accounting" Is Born
Forensic Accounting and Investigative Accounting Come of Age
The Forensic Accountant Becomes an Investigator
FBI and Forensics
First Forensic Accounting Books in United States
AICPA Practice Aid
American Management Association Course
The Panel on Audit Effectiveness
AICPA Fraud Task Force Report
Controversy Surrounding the Accountant's Role in Fraud Detection
American Accounting Association Forensic Accounting Section
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
Securities Whistleblower Incentive and Protection Provisions of Dodd-Frank Act
AICPA's Standards for Forensic Services
The 2020-2021 Pandemic
Tax Havens
Conclusion
Chapter 2 Forensic Accounting Education, Institutions, And Specialties 2-1(1)
Preparing to Become a Forensic Accountant
College and University Programs
Keystones of Forensic Accounting Curricula
KSAs and Education of the Forensic Accountant
Career Tracks in Forensic Accounting
Income Expectations for Forensic Accountants
Specialties within Forensic and Investigative Accounting
Forensic Groups and Credentials
Summary of Forensic Certifications
American Board of Forensic Accounting® (ABFA)
Association of Certified Fraud Examiners
Association of Certified Fraud Specialists
Forensic Accounting Society of North America
National Association of Certified Valuators & Analysts
Network of Independent Forensic Accountants
Institute of Business Appraisers
AICPA Certified in Financial Forensics Credential
Other Organizations Serving Forensic Practitioners
Auditing Standards
Conclusion
Chapter 3 Fraudulent Financial Reporting 3-1(1)
Importance of Transparent Financial Information
An International Problem
Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 2
Means and Schemes of Financial Reporting Fraud
Three M's of Financial Reporting Fraud
Abusive Schemes Involving Fraudulent Financial Reporting
Shenanigans to Boost Earnings
Sources of Fraudulent Financial Reporting
Internal Versus External Fraud
Motivation and Contributing Factors
Contributing Factor Model
Surveys Show Global Fraud Persists
Internal Controls
Incidence of Crime and Characteristics of Perpetrators
Studies of the Prevalence of Fraud in Business
Characteristics of the White-Collar Criminal
Earnings Management and GAAP
Flexibility of GAAP
Restatements of Earnings
Conclusion
Chapter 4 Detecting Fraud In Financial Reporting 4-1(1)
Definitions of Fraud
What Is Fraud?
Responsibilities and Roles in Financial Reporting
Independent Audit Procedures and the Auditor's Role
Internal Auditor's Procedures and Role
Audit Committee's Role
Board of Directors' Role
Management Role
Forensic Accountant's Role
Financial Statement Fraud Categories and Red Flags
Overstated Revenues
Management Estimates
Pro Formas Can Mislead
Earnings Problems: Masking Reduced Cash Flow
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (EBITDA)
Excessive Debt
Inventory Problems
CPA Problems
Sales and Expenses Problems
Big Bath
Balance Sheet Account Problems
Pension Plan Problems
Reserve Estimates
Personal Piggy Bank
Barter Deals
Financial Fraud Detection Tools
Interviewing Techniques
Analytics
Percentage Analysis
Using Checklists to Help Detect Fraud
Behavioral Approaches
Clawback Provisions
Conclusion
Chapter 5 External/Internal Fraud: Misappropriation Of Assets 5-1(1)
Fraud Schemes and Their Schemers
Company Susceptibility to Fraud
Employee Fraudsters
Types of Misappropriations
Embezzlement
Cash and Check Schemes
Accounts Receivable Fraud
Inventory Fraud
Accounts Payable Fraud
Fictitious Disbursements
Walking the Walk of Fraud Detection Programs
Company Fraud Prevention, Detection, and Mitigation Measures
Companies on the Front Lines in Preventing Employee Fraud
Searching for Fraud Symptoms
Nonprofit Entities as Special Fraud Targets
Reasons for Fraud in Not-for-Profits
Prevention Programs for Not-for-Profits
Fraud in Federal, State, and Local Governments
When It's Time to Call in Professionals
Some Forensic Accountant's Techniques
Game Theory and Strategic Reasoning
Continuous Monitoring and Continuous Auditing
Some Forensic Techniques and Tools
Carbon Dating Paper and Signatures
Social Engineering
Conflict-of-Interest Policy
Conclusion
Chapter 6 Indirect Methods Of Reconstructing Income 6-1(1)
Forensic Audit Approaches Used by the IRS
Minimum Income Probes
Lifestyle Probes
IRS's Financial Status Audits
Indirect Methods
Market Segment Specialization Program
Cash-T
Source and Application of Funds Method (Expenditure Approach)
Net Worth Method
Bank Deposit Method
Contract and Procurement Fraud
Piercing the Corporate Veil
Conclusion
Chapter 7 Money Laundering And Transnational Financial Flows 7-1(1)
Money Laundering: An Introduction
Legal and Illegal Laundering
FINCEN and FINRA
Cybercash and Digital Money Create More Laundering Opportunities
Who Uses Money Laundering Practices?
Financial Institutions' Role in Money Laundering
Correspondent Banking
Tools Banks Use to Identify Money Launderers
Due Diligence Laws for Banks
Shell Banks
Other Businesses' Role in Money Laundering
Cash-Oriented Businesses
Audit Trail for Business Money Laundering Schemes
Finding Money Laundering Schemes
Likely Sources
Guarding Against Money Laundering
Individual Due Diligence Using Identity Checks
Company Due Diligence in Verification Procedures
Trust Due Diligence Using Trust Deeds
Organization-Wide Suspicious Activities
The Accountant's Role as Gateway Keeper
USA Patriot Act of 2001
Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2021
Conclusion
Chapter 8 Litigation Services Provided By Accountants 8-1(1)
Litigation in the United States
U.S. Tort Costs Leveling
A Dispute Begins
Types of Witnesses
Types of Litigation Services Provided by Accountants
Consultant
Expert Witness
Masters and Special Masters
Standards of Conduct for Performing Litigation Services
Knowledge, Skills, Experience, Training, and Education
Professional Codes of Conduct
Conflicts of Interest
Written Agreement to Perform Litigation Services
Becoming an Expert Witness
Expert Witnesses Distinguished from Lay Witnesses
What Lawyers Look for in an Expert Witness
Qualifying as an Expert Witness
Court-Appointed Expert Witnesses
Preparing to Testify as an Expert Witness
Maintaining Independence from the Client
Evidence Upon Which Experts May Rely
Use of Confidential Client Information
Expert Reports
Working Papers
Evaluation of Other Experts
Exhibits and Other Demonstrative Evidence
Testifying as an Expert Witness
Testifying at a Deposition
Preparing to Testify at Trial
Testifying at Trial
Liability of Expert Witnesses
Witness Immunity
Bases for Liability
Mail and Wire Fraud
Conclusion
Chapter 9 Proper Evidence Management 9-1(1)
Basic Rules of Evidence
What Are the Rules of Evidence?
What Is Evidence?
Process for Determining the Admissibility of Evidence
Relevance Requirement
Privileged Communications
Hearsay Rule
Authentication Requirement
Best Evidence Rule
Demonstrative Evidence
Special Rules for Criminal Cases
Special Rules in Administrative Proceedings
Management of Evidence
Maximizing Client Confidentiality
Using Technology to Gather Evidence
Computer Evidence
Ensuring the Admissibility of Evidence in Court
Security for Evidence and Working Papers
Evidence Database
Evaluating the Quality and Persuasiveness of Evidence
Record Retention
Chain of Custody
Conclusion
Chapter 10 Commercial Damages 10-1(1)
The Expert
Expert Witnesses' Qualifications
Expert Witnesses' Testimony Requirements
Basics of Damages Litigation
The Legal Framework of Damages
Two Types of Harm: Tort and Breach of Contract
Two Types of Damages: Restitution and Reliance
Approaches to Loss Estimation
Damages Calculation Approaches
The Lost Profits Methods
Study of Losses Process
Economic Framework for the Lost Profits Estimation Process
Measuring the Loss
Length of the Loss Period
Components of Damages
The Defendant's Damages Estimate
The Plaintiff's Damages Estimate
Lost Sales and Lost Gross Profits
Production or Other Cost Increases
Customer Ill Will and Future Lost Profits
Other Adverse Effects
The Expert's Journey Through the Legal System
Testimony Early in Case
Defending the Expert Report
Damages Period and Discount Rate
The Unique Role of Communication in Forensic Accounting
The Reasonableness of Damages Calculations
Conclusion
Chapter 11 Litigation Support In Special Situations 11-1(1)
Antitrust Litigation
Overview of Antitrust Laws
Role of Accountants in Antitrust Litigation
Actions That Constitute Predatory Pricing
Determining a Company's Average Variable Costs
Cost Behavior Defined
Common Types of Cost Behavior
Cost Behavior Assumptions
Case Study: Coho Grocery
Wage-Fixing Agreements
Federal False Claims Act Litigation
Overview of the Federal False Claims Act
The Accountant's Role in False Claim Act Litigation
Intellectual Property
The Nature and Characteristics of Intellectual Property
Common Issues in Proving/Defending Patent Infringement Cases
Conclusion
Chapter 12 Computing Economic Damages 12-1(1)
The Nature of Economic Damages
Wrongful Termination (Non-Renewal) of Contract Case
Permanent Disability Case
Conclusion
Chapter 13 Investigation Of Electronic Data: A Brief Introduction 13-1(1)
Introduction to Electronic Evidence
Perspectives on Investigation
Auditor's Job as Related to Computer Forensics
Computer Forensics: Electronic Evidence Collection
Can Digital Evidence Really Be Destroyed?
The Auditor's Computer Forensics Skill Set
Encase and the Forensic Environment
Collection or Seizure of Electronic Evidence
How Can Electronic Evidence Be Legally Collected?
Data Mining: Electronic Evidence Collection
Conclusion
Chapter 14 Digital Forensics Analysis 14-1(1)
Sifting for Cyber Clues
Collecting Evidence
Clues Versus Evidence
Technical Searches
Internet Protocols: Technical Searches Begin Here
Decoding Packet Information
Decoding Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Decoded IP Addresses: Tracing Tools
Decoded IP Addresses: Narrowing the Search
Tracing Financial Frauds in the Executive Boardroom
Due Diligence Searches
Internet Databases: Informational Searches Begin Here
Web Page Searches
Government Data Searches
Miscellaneous Searches
Conclusion
Chapter 15 Cybercrime Management: Legal Issues And Loss Valuations 15-1(1)
Cybercrimes: An Introduction
Net Frauds: No Skills Needed
Unauthorized Access to Network Assets
The Unauthorized Access Skill Set
Criminality of Cybercrimes
When Is a Cybercrime Really a Cybercrime?
Lagging Technology Legislation
Cybercrime Statutes
Federal Legislation
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
State Legislation
Guidelines for Cybercrime Management
KSAs for Fighting Cybercrime
Filing Reports of Cybercrimes
Attacks on Tangibles and Intangibles
Computing Cybercrime Damages
High-Tech "Tangible" Losses Attributed to Cyberattacks
High-Tech Intangible Losses
Loss Valuations and Insurance Claims
Insurers
Costs and Types of Coverage
Qualifying for Coverage
Conclusion
Chapter 16 Business Valuations 16-1(1)
Fundamentals
Valuation and Appraiser Accreditations
Engagement Agreements That Create Successful Client Relationships
Purposes for Obtaining Business Valuations
Standards of Value
A Closer Look at Valuation Discounts
Purpose of the Valuation Affects the Valuation Methods Used
The Three Valuation Approaches
Income Approach
Market Approach
Cost Approach
Gathering Initial Information
Initial Information Request
Discerning What Data Is Required
Financial Analysis
How Much History Is Enough?
Spreading the Financial Statements
Analyzing Financial Statements for Trends and Risks
Revenues
Gross Profits
Operating Expenses
Operating Profits
Other Income and Expense
Pretax Profitability
Practical Illustrations
Earnings History
Income Statement Methods of Determining a Business Valuation
Cash Flow Methods of Determining the Business Valuation
Balance Sheet Valuation Methods
Rules of Thumb-Valuation on the Cheap
Business Valuation Standards
Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP)
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
Common Requirements of Business Valuation Standards of Valuation Societies
Features of the Standards
Business Valuation Reports
Organization of a Report
Pay Attention to Mechanics
Main Sections of the Valuation Report
Preparing to Testify
Strategies for Effective Testimony
Conclusion
Chapter 17 Forensic Accounting In Action 17-1
The Elements of Fraud
Eye on the Investigative Outcome
Case Number 1: TruGloss Shanghai JV
Principles of Applied Forensic Analysis
Unusual or Unrealistic Procedures and Relationships
Case Number 2: Madon Oilfield Services, Inc.
Conclusion
Appendices
Appendix 1: Sample Engagement Letters
A-1
Appendix 2: Sample IDEA Project
A-5
Glossary Of Terms G-1
Topical Index I-1