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Fossil Fuel Hydrogen: Technical, Economic and Environmental Potential 2020 ed. [Minkštas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 138 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, XVI, 138 p., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Išleidimo metai: 13-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • ISBN-10: 303030907X
  • ISBN-13: 9783030309077
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 138 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, XVI, 138 p., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Išleidimo metai: 13-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • ISBN-10: 303030907X
  • ISBN-13: 9783030309077
As the case for Climate Change mitigation becomes ever more pressing, hydrogen has the potential to play a major role in a low-carbon energy future. Hydrogen can drive the vehicles of tomorrow and also heat homes and supply energy to businesses. Much recent discussion in energy policy circles has considered ways in which greatly expanded electrification can meet the demand for low-carbon mobility and heating. Such narratives centre on the widespread use of renewable energy sources with occasionally surplus renewable electricity being used to produce hydrogen, for example by electrolysis. While such developments have a beneficial role to play, this book focuses on an alternative paradigm. This book considers a more evolutionary path involving the continued extraction and use of fossil fuels, most notably natural gas, but in ways that greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this way much established industrial capacity and know how might be transitioned to help deliver the low carbon future that the world so desperately requires.

Presenting up-to-date energy policy recommendations with a focus on hydrogen from fossil fuels, the book will be of considerable interest to policymakers and energy researchers in academia, industry and government labs, while also offering a valuable reference guide for business developers in low-carbon energy, and for oil and gas industry analysts.

1 Introduction---The Hydrogen Economy Today
1(14)
1.1 Perceptions and Reality
5(1)
1.2 The Uses of Hydrogen Today
5(2)
1.3 Hydrogen Demand Growth
7(1)
1.4 Fossil Fuel Hydrogen: Low Tech?
8(1)
1.5 Fuels in Transition
9(1)
1.6 Future Prospects for Fossil-Fuel-Based Hydrogen Production
10(1)
1.7 The Hydrogen Council
11(2)
References
13(2)
2 The Future of Energy and Mobility
15(18)
2.1 A Very Brief History of the Car
15(2)
2.2 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles and the Future of Mobility
17(6)
2.2.1 The Toyota Mirai
20(2)
2.2.2 Green Car and Better Car
22(1)
2.3 Hydrogen Safety
23(1)
2.4 Vehicle Refuelling
24(2)
2.5 Low Hanging Fruit
26(4)
References
30(3)
3 Hydrogen Chemical Engineering---The Future
33(10)
3.1 Steam Methane Reforming
34(3)
3.2 Partial Oxidation Gasification
37(1)
3.3 Innovation in Hydrogen Production
37(3)
3.4 Methane and the Atmosphere
40(1)
References
41(2)
4 Towards a Hydrogen Economy
43(10)
4.1 Origins
43(1)
4.2 Emergence
44(1)
4.3 Castro-Dominguez/Kazantzis Review 2018
45(4)
4.4 Looking to the Future
49(2)
References
51(2)
5 Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage
53(16)
5.1 The Case for Carbon Capture and Storage
54(7)
5.2 Carbon Capture Direct from the Air
61(1)
5.3 Carbon Utilisation
62(3)
5.3.1 Fracking and the Plastics Industry
64(1)
5.4 The Way Ahead for CCS
65(1)
References
66(3)
6 Hydrogen Infrastructures
69(10)
6.1 Hydrogen Storage and Distribution
69(2)
6.2 European Experience
71(2)
6.3 The US Gulf Coast
73(3)
6.4 Partial Oxidation---A Provider of Hydrogen and Molecular Building Blocks
76(1)
6.5 US C02 Pipelines
76(1)
References
77(2)
7 The Proposed Natural Gas to Hydrogen Transition in the UK
79(16)
7.1 An All-Electric Future?
81(4)
7.2 A Future Role for Hydrogen in UK Domestic Heat
85(2)
7.2.1 To Blend or not to Blend?
86(1)
7.3 Leeds Gateway "H21" Proposition
87(3)
7.4 HyNET Project in the North-West of England
90(2)
7.5 The Wider UK Context
92(1)
7.6 Ammonia and the World
93(1)
References
93(2)
8 Small-Scale Local Hydrogen Production
95(6)
8.1 The Proposition
95(2)
8.2 Small Scale Alternatives
97(1)
8.3 Relative Merits of Local Hydrogen from Electricity and Natural Gas
98(2)
References
100(1)
9 Hydrogen Cryomagnetics---A Physics-Based Innovation
101(8)
9.1 Hydrogen Cryomagnetics---An Introduction
102(1)
9.2 Pathways to the Hydrogen Economy
103(1)
9.3 The Attributes of Liquid Hydrogen
104(2)
9.4 Liquid Hydrogen Storage
106(1)
References
107(2)
10 Deep Decarbonisation---The Role of Hydrogen
109(6)
10.1 The Environmental Impacts of Steel Production
110(1)
10.2 The Prospect of Low Emission Steel Production
111(2)
References
113(2)
11 The End of Oil---Hydrogen, Syn-Fuels and the International Oil Companies
115(8)
References
121(2)
12 Conclusions
123(10)
12.1 The Renewable Green Hydrogen Alternative
123(3)
12.2 Water Electrolysis for Green Hydrogen
126(2)
12.3 Electricity Transition or Energy Transition?
128(1)
12.4 Time to Disinvest?
128(1)
12.5 All Hands to the Pumps!
129(2)
References
131(2)
Index 133
William Nuttall is a technology and policy specialist with particular expertise in energy systems. He brings an expert technical perspective to complex policy problems, and is a research leader with professional connections in academia, government, learned societies, international organisations and industry. Nuttall is a Professor of Energy at The Open University, based in Milton Keynes, UK. He is also a fellow of Hughes Hall, a college of Cambridge University.

Adetokunboh Bakenne is an experienced engineering researcher and consultant. He obtained his PhD from the University of Manchester,where he investigated the mechanical properties of engineering materials used in the energy industries. He then shifted his focus to matters of energy technology and policy with his move to The Open University, where he worked as a research fellow on the future of the hydrogen economy. Bakenne has extensive consultancy experience in matters concerning commercial technology assessment andengineering risk assessment in a range of sectors.