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Fundamentals of Physics I: Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics Expanded Edition [Minkštas viršelis]

4.49/5 (176 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 528 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 235x156x27 mm, 123 b-w illus.
  • Išleidimo metai: 22-Oct-2019
  • Leidėjas: Yale University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0300243774
  • ISBN-13: 9780300243772
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Fundamentals of Physics I: Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics Expanded EditionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 528 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 235x156x27 mm, 123 b-w illus.
  • Išleidimo metai: 22-Oct-2019
  • Leidėjas: Yale University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0300243774
  • ISBN-13: 9780300243772
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780300243772.html
Raktažodžiai:
A beloved introductory physics textbook, now including exercises and an answer key, explains the concepts essential for thorough scientific understanding


A beloved introductory physics textbook, now including exercises and an answer key, explains the concepts essential for thorough scientific understanding
 
In this concise book, R. Shankar, a well-known physicist and contagiously enthusiastic educator, explains the essential concepts of Newtonian mechanics, special relativity, waves, fluids, thermodynamics, and statistical mechanics. Now in an expanded edition&;complete with problem sets and answers for course use or self-study&;this work provides an ideal introduction for college-level students of physics, chemistry, and engineering; for AP Physics students; and for general readers interested in advances in the sciences. The book begins at the simplest level, develops the basics, and reinforces fundamentals, ensuring a solid foundation in the principles and methods of physics.
Preface to the Expanded Edition xiii
Preface to the First Edition xiv
1 The Structure of Mechanics 1(14)
1.1 Introduction and some useful tips
1(1)
1.2 Kinematics and dynamics
2(2)
1.3 Average and instantaneous quantities
4(2)
1.4 Motion at constant acceleration
6(4)
1.5 Sample problem
10(3)
1.6 Deriving v2 - v20 = 2a(x - x0) using calculus
13(2)
2 Motion in Higher Dimensions 15(21)
2.1 Review
15(1)
2.2 Vectors in d = 2
16(3)
2.3 Unit vectors
19(3)
2.4 Choice of axes and basis vectors
22(4)
2.5 Derivatives of the position vector r
26(3)
2.6 Application to circular motion
29(3)
2.7 Projectile motion
32(4)
3 Newton's Laws I 36(15)
3.1 Introduction to Newton's laws of motion
36(2)
3.2 Newton's second law
38(3)
3.3 Two halves of the second law
41(4)
3.4 Newton's third law
45(4)
3.5 Weight and weightlessness
49(2)
4 Newton's Laws II 51(19)
4.1 A solved example
51(3)
4.2 Never the whole story
54(1)
4.3 Motion in d = 2
55(1)
4.4 Friction: static and kinetic
56(1)
4.5 Inclined plane
57(4)
4.6 Coupled masses
61(3)
4.7 Circular motion, loop-the-loop
64(6)
5 Law of Conservation of Energy 70(12)
5.1 Introduction to energy
70(1)
5.2 The work-energy theorem and power
71(4)
5.3 Conservation of energy: K2 + U2 = K1 + U1
75(3)
5.4 Friction and the work-energy theorem
78(4)
6 Conservation of Energy in d = 2 82(19)
6.1 Calculus review
82(2)
6.2 Work done in d = 2
84(4)
6.3 Work done in d = 2 and the dot product
88(4)
6.4 Conservative and non-conservative forces
92(3)
6.5 Conservative forces
95(3)
6.6 Application to gravitational potential energy
98(3)
7 The Kepler Problem 101(17)
7.1 Kepler's laws
101(3)
7.2 The law of universal gravity
104(4)
7.3 Details of the orbits
108(4)
7.4 Law of conservation of energy far from the earth
112(2)
7.5 Choosing the constant in U
114(4)
8 Multi-particle Dynamics 118(25)
8.1 The two-body problem
118(1)
8.2 The center of mass
119(9)
8.3 Law of conservation of momentum
128(6)
8.4 Rocket science
134(2)
8.5 Elastic and inelastic collisions
136(4)
8.6 Scattering in higher dimensions
140(3)
9 Rotational Dynamics I 143(16)
9.1 Introduction to rigid bodies
143(2)
9.2 Angle of rotation, the radian
145(2)
9.3 Rotation at constant angular acceleration
147(1)
9.4 Rotational inertia, momentum, and energy
148(6)
9.5 Torque and the work-energy theorem
154(2)
9.6 Calculating the moment of inertia
156(3)
10 Rotational Dynamics II 159(16)
10.1 The parallel axis theorem
159(4)
10.2 Kinetic energy for a general N-body system
163(2)
10.3 Simultaneous translations and rotations
165(2)
10.4 Conservation of energy
167(1)
10.5 Rotational dynamics using τ = dL/dt
168(1)
10.6 Advanced rotations
169(2)
10.7 Conservation of angular momentum
171(1)
10.8 Angular momentum of the figure skater
172(3)
11 Rotational Dynamics III 175(19)
11.1 Static equilibrium
175(1)
11.2 The seesaw
176(2)
11.3 A hanging sign
178(2)
11.4 The leaning ladder
180(2)
11.5 Rigid-body dynamics in 3d
182(9)
11.6 The gyroscope
191(3)
12 Special Relativity I: The Lorentz Transformation 194(15)
12.1 Galilean and Newtonian relativity
195(1)
12.2 Proof of Galilean relativity
196(4)
12.3 Enter Einstein
200(3)
12.4 The postulates
203(1)
12.5 The Lorentz transformation
204(5)
13 Special Relativity II: Some Consequences 209(18)
13.1 Summary of the Lorentz transformation
209(3)
13.2 The velocity transformation law
212(2)
13.3 Relativity of simultaneity
214(2)
13.4 Time dilatation
216(6)
13.4.1 Twin paradox
219(1)
13.4.2 Length contraction
220(2)
13.5 More paradoxes
222(5)
13.5.1 Too big to fall
222(4)
13.5.2 Muons in flight
226(1)
14 Special Relativity III: Past, Present, and Future 227(14)
14.1 Past, present, and future in relativity
227(5)
14.2 Geometry of spacetime
232(3)
14.3 Rapidity
235(3)
14.4 Four-vectors
238(1)
14.5 Proper time
239(2)
15 Four-momentum 241(14)
15.1 Relativistic scattering
249(6)
15.1.1 Compton effect
249(2)
15.1.2 Pair production
251(1)
15.1.3 Photon absorption
252(3)
16 Mathematical Methods 255(20)
16.1 Taylor series of a function
255(6)
16.2 Examples and issues with the Taylor series
261(2)
16.3 Taylor series of some popular functions
263(2)
16.4 Trigonometric and exponential functions
265(2)
16.5 Properties of complex numbers
267(5)
16.6 Polar form of complex numbers
272(3)
17 Simple Harmonic Motion 275(28)
17.1 More examples of oscillations
280(3)
17.2 Superposition of solutions
283(5)
17.3 Conditions on solutions to the harmonic oscillator
288(2)
17.4 Exponential functions as generic solutions
290(1)
17.5 Damped oscillations: a classification
291(3)
17.5.1 Over-damped oscillations
291(1)
17.5.2 Under-damped oscillations
292(2)
17.5.3 Critically damped oscillations
294(1)
17.6 Driven oscillator
294(9)
18 Waves I 303(13)
18.1 The wave equation
306(4)
18.2 Solutions of the wave equation
310(3)
18.3 Frequency and period
313(3)
19 Waves II 316(19)
19.1 Wave energy and power transmitted
316(4)
19.2 Doppler effect
320(3)
19.3 Superposition of waves
323(3)
19.4 Interference: the double-slit experiment
326(4)
19.5 Standing waves and musical instruments
330(5)
20 Fluids 335(17)
20.1 Introduction to fluid dynamics and statics
335(6)
20.1.1 Density and pressure
335(1)
20.1.2 Pressure as a function of depth
336(5)
20.2 The hydraulic press
341(2)
20.3 Archimedes' principle
343(3)
20.4 Bernoulli's equation
346(3)
20.4.1 Continuity equation
346(3)
20.5 Applications of Bernoulli's equation
349(3)
21 Heat 352(23)
21.1 Equilibrium and the zeroth law: temperature
352(2)
21.2 Calibrating temperature
354(6)
21.3 Absolute zero and the Kelvin scale
360(1)
21.4 Heat and specific heat
361(4)
21.5 Phase change
365(3)
21.6 Radiation, convection, and conduction
368(3)
21.7 Heat as molecular kinetic energy
371(4)
22 Thermodynamics I 375(19)
22.1 Recap
375(1)
22.2 Boltzmann's constant and Avogadro's number
376(3)
22.3 Microscopic definition of absolute temperature
379(3)
22.4 Statistical properties of matter and radiation
382(2)
22.5 Thermodynamic processes
384(2)
22.6 Quasi-static processes
386(1)
22.7 The first law of thermodynamics
387(4)
22.8 Specific heats: cv and cp
391(3)
23 Thermodynamics II 394(17)
23.1 Cycles and state variables
394(2)
23.2 Adiabatic processes
396(3)
23.3 The second law of thermodynamics
399(4)
23.4 The Carnot engine
403(8)
23.4.1 Defining T using Carnot engines
409(2)
24 Entropy and Irreversibility 411(32)
24.1 Entropy
411(7)
24.2 The second law: law of increasing entropy
418(5)
24.3 Statistical mechanics and entropy
423(7)
24.4 Entropy of an ideal gas: full microscopic analysis
430(4)
24.5 Maximum entropy principle illustrated
434(3)
24.6 The Gibbs formalism
437(4)
24.7 The third law of thermodynamics
441(2)
Exercises 443(44)
Problem Set 1, for
Chapter 1
443(3)
Problem Set 2, for
Chapter 2
446(3)
Problem Set 3, for
Chapters 3 and 4
449(6)
Problem Set 4, for
Chapters 5, 6, and 7
455(3)
Problem Set 5, for
Chapter 8
458(3)
Problem Set 6, for
Chapters 9, 10, and 11
461(5)
Problem Set 7, for
Chapters 12, 13, 14, and 15
466(4)
Problem Set 8, for
Chapters 16 and 17
470(5)
Problem Set 9, for
Chapters 18 and 19
475(3)
Problem Set 10, for
Chapter 20
478(3)
Problem Set 11, for
Chapters 21, 22, 23, and 24
481(6)
Answers to Exercises 487(14)
Problem Set 1, for
Chapter 1
487(1)
Problem Set 2, for
Chapter 2
488(1)
Problem Set 3, for
Chapters 3 and 4
489(2)
Problem Set 4, for
Chapters 5, 6, and 7
491(1)
Problem Set 5, for
Chapter 8
491(1)
Problem Set 6, for
Chapters 9, 10, and 11
492(2)
Problem Set 7, for
Chapters 12, 13, 14, and 15
494(1)
Problem Set 8, for
Chapters 16 and 17
495(2)
Problem Set 9, for
Chapters 18 and 19
497(1)
Problem Set 10, for
Chapter 20
498(1)
Problem Set 11, for
Chapters 21, 22, 23, and 24
498(3)
Constants and Other Data 501(2)
Index 503
R. Shankar is Josiah Willard Gibbs Professor of Physics, Yale University. He is winner of the American Physical Societys Lilienfeld Prize and author of five textbooks, including Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Basic Training in Mathematics, and Quantum Field Theory and Condensed Matter Physics.