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Fundamentals and Sensing Applications of 2D Materials [Minkštas viršelis]

Edited by (Royal Society Industry), Edited by (AcSIR Assistant Professor, Scientist, and DST Ramanujan National Fellow, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, University of Pune, India), Edited by (Member of the Faculty, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India)
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Fundamentals and Sensing Applications of 2D Materials provides a comprehensive understanding of a wide range of 2D materials. Examples of fundamental topics include: defect and vacancy engineering, doping and advantages of 2D materials for sensing, 2D materials and composites for sensing, and 2D materials in biosystems. A wide range of applications are addressed, such as gas sensors based on 2D materials, electrochemical glucose sensors, biosensors (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), and printed, stretchable, wearable and flexible biosensors. Due to their sub-nanometer thickness, 2D materials have a high packing density, thus making them suitable for the fabrication of thin film based sensor devices.

Benefiting from their unique physical and chemical properties (e.g. strong mechanical strength, high surface area, unparalleled thermal conductivity, remarkable biocompatibility and ease of functionalization), 2D layered nanomaterials have shown great potential in designing high performance sensor devices.

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of 2D materials systems that are relevant to sensing, including transition metal dichalcogenides, metal oxides, graphene and other 2D materials system
  • Includes information on potential applications, such as flexible sensors, biosensors, optical sensors, electrochemical sensors, and more
  • Discusses graphene in terms of the lessons learned from this material for sensing applications and how these lessons can be applied to other 2D materials
List of Contributors
ix
Preface xi
1 Introduction
1(4)
Hywel Morgan
Chandra S. Rout
Dattatray J. Late
References
3(2)
2 Fundamentals and Properties of 2D Materials in General and Sensing Applications
5(20)
Dattatray J. Late
Anha Bhat
Chandra Sekhar Rout
2.1 Introduction
5(1)
2.2 Surface and Interface Physics
6(1)
2.3 Band Alignment
7(1)
2.4 Preparation of 2D Materials
8(2)
2.5 Parameters of Sensor Performance
10(3)
2.6 2D Materials in Chemical and Physical Sensing
13(9)
2.7 Conclusion
22(1)
References
23(2)
3 Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Graphene
25(66)
Shivam Trivedi
Kenneth Lobo
H.S.S. Ramakrishna Matte
3.1 Synthesis
27(7)
3.2 Characterization
34(4)
3.3 Properties of Graphene
38(11)
3.4 Applications of Graphene
49(25)
3.5 Challenges and Outlook
74(1)
References
75(16)
4 Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Graphene Analogs of 2D Material
91(54)
Pratik V. Shinde
Manoj Kumar Singh
4.1 Introduction
91(1)
4.2 Graphene Analogs
92(29)
4.3 Applications of Graphene Analogs
121(5)
4.4 Summary and Perspective
126(1)
References
127(18)
5 Electronic Structure and Theoretical Aspects on Sensing Application of 2D Materials
145(60)
Brahmananda Chakraborty
5.1 Importance of Theoretical Modeling and Simulations for Sensing Applications
145(1)
5.2 Introduction to Quantum Simulations
146(1)
5.3 Overview of Quantum Simulation Methods
147(7)
5.4 Corrections to Density Functional Theory
154(2)
5.5 Sensitivity of the Simulation Results
156(4)
5.6 Modeling of Graphene-Based 2D Materials for Gas Sensing
160(9)
5.7 Modeling of 2D Materials Beyond Graphene for Gas Sensing
169(7)
5.8 Interaction Mechanism of Gases on 2D Materials
176(6)
5.9 Change in Properties Due to Adsorption of Sensing Elements
182(7)
5.10 Modeling of Glucose Sensing in 2D Materials
189(7)
5.11 Conclusions and Future Directions
196(1)
Acknowledgments
197(1)
References
197(8)
6 Gas Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Materials and Its Mechanisms
205(54)
K. Rajkumar
R.T. Rajendra Kumar
6.1 Introduction
205(1)
6.2 Gas Sensing: Fundamentals
206(9)
6.3 Gas-Sensing Mechanisms
215(5)
6.4 Graphene-Based Materials
220(17)
6.5 Graphene Analogous Two-Dimensional Materials
237(12)
6.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
249(1)
Acknowledgment
250(1)
References
250(9)
7 Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Biosensors
259(42)
C. Revathi
R.T. Rajendra Kumar
7.1 Sensors
259(3)
7.2 Electrochemical Biosensor
262(2)
7.3 Current Status
264(1)
7.4 Parameters Involved in Electrochemical Sensing and Their Sensing Mechanism
265(1)
7.5 Nanomaterials for Nonenzymatic Sensing
265(3)
7.6 Two-Dimensional Materials-Based Electrochemical Biosensors
268(6)
7.7 MoS2-Based Electrochemical Sensors
274(19)
7.8 Summary and Future Perspectives
293(1)
Acknowledgments
294(1)
References
294(7)
8 Electrochemical Sensing Platform Based on Graphene-Metal/Metal Oxide Hybrids for Detection of Metal Ions Contaminants
301(28)
Swagatika Kamila
Bishnupad Mohanty
Sushanta K. Das
Satyapriya Sahoo
Bikash Kumar Jena
8.1 Introduction
301(5)
8.2 Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of Metal Ion Contaminants
306(3)
8.3 Graphene-Based Materials for Metal Contaminate Sensing: An Overview
309(9)
8.4 Conclusion and Future Perspective
318(1)
8.5 Acknowledgment
319(1)
References
320(9)
9 2D Materials for Field-Effect Transistor---Based Biosensors
329(50)
Debalina Sarkar
9.1 Introduction
329(1)
9.2 2D Material for Sensing
330(15)
9.3 Fundamental Limitation of Electrical Sensors and the Solutions
345(28)
9.4 Summary
373(1)
References
374(3)
Further Reading
377(2)
10 Optical Biochemical Sensors Based on 2D Materials
379(28)
B.N. Shivananju
Hui Ying Hoh
Wenzhi Yu
Qiaoliang Bao
10.1 Introduction
379(1)
10.2 Biochemical Optical Sensing Properties of 2D Materials
380(1)
10.3 Fabrication of 2D Materials Optical Sensors
381(4)
10.4 Biomolecules Sensing Application
385(4)
10.5 Chemical Sensing Applications
389(7)
10.6 Health-Care Applications
396(7)
Acknowledgment
403(1)
References
403(4)
11 Recent Developments in Graphene-Based Two-Dimensional Heterostructures for Sensing Applications
407(30)
Pratik V. Shinde
Manav Saxena
Manoj Kumar Singh
11.1 Introduction
407(3)
11.2 Graphene and Two Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
410(1)
11.3 Fabrication of Heterostructures From Two Dimensional Crystals
411(6)
11.4 Two Dimensional Crystal-Based Heterostructures Sensors
417(10)
11.5 Conclusion
427(1)
References
428(9)
12 Wearable and Flexible Sensors Based on 2D and Nanomaterials
437(28)
Rutuparna Samal
Chandra Sekhar Rout
12.1 Introduction
437(2)
12.2 Commendable Considerations for Wearable and Flexible Sensor
439(2)
12.3 Wearable and Flexible Temperature Sensor
441(5)
12.4 Wearable Strain/Pressure Sensors
446(4)
12.5 Wearable Sensors Analyzing the Sweat Metabolites
450(4)
12.6 Wearable Sensors for Volatile Biomarkers Detection
454(2)
12.7 Conclusion and Promising Outlook
456(1)
References
457(6)
Further Reading
463(2)
13 Photo Sensor Based on 2D Materials
465(16)
Dattatray J. Late
Anha Bhat
Chandra Sekhar Rout
13.1 Introduction
465(1)
13.2 Characteristics of Photosensors Based on the 2D Materials
466(1)
13.3 Photovoltaic Effect
467(1)
13.4 Photoconductive Effect
468(1)
13.5 Photo-Thermoelectric Effect
468(1)
13.6 Molybednum Disulfide-Based Photo-Sensing Devices
468(4)
13.7 Molybdenum Diselenide-Based Photosensor
472(1)
13.8 Tungsten Disulfide-Based Photosensor
473(2)
13.9 Black Phosphorous-Based Photosensor
475(1)
13.10 2D Heterostructures
475(1)
13.11 Recent Development and Applications
476(2)
References
478(3)
14 Future Prospects of 2D Materials for Sensing Applications
481(2)
Hywel Morgan
Chandra S. Rout
Dattatray J. Late
Index 483
Dr. Chandra Sekhar Rout is a member of the faculty at the Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India. He did his postdoctoral research at National University of Singapore (2008-2009), Purdue University, USA (2010-2012) and UNIST, South Korea (2012-2013). He joined IIT Bhubaneswar in 2013 and he is actively involved in both research and teaching of undergraduate and graduate students there. His research interests include preparation and characterization of two-dimensional layered nanomaterials and their nanocarbon hybrids for chemical sensors and biosensors, supercapacitors and energy storage devices, field emitters and electronic devices. He has authored or co-authored more than 100 research papers in international journals. He has been awarded prestigious Ramanujan Fellowship and Young Scientist award of Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India in 2013, Young researcher award from Venus International Foundation, India in 2015, IAAM medal 2017 and emerging investigator award 2017. He is an associate editor of RSC Advances” a journal of Royal Society of Chemistry and American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences” of Science Publications. Dr. Dattatray J. Late after completing his PhD with Prof. D. S. Joag, he worked as a DST Post-doctoral Fellow on Nanoscience & Technology with Prof. C. N. R Rao at JNCASR, Bangalore (2008-2010). He currently holds the position of AcSIR Assistant Professor, Scientist, and DST Ramanujan National Fellow at CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune. His current research interests include synthesis of atomically thin nanosheets of inorganic layered materials for nanoelectronic device applications, catalysts for water splitting, H2 generation, etc., and Raman spectroscopy. He has authored or co-authored more than 140 research papers in international journals. Dr. Hywel Morgan is a Royal Society Industry Fellow and Deputy Director of the Institute for Life Sciences at the University of Southampton. After a post-doc position at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, he moved to a lectureship at the University of Glasgow in 1993 and was appointed Professor in 2002. In 2003 he moved to the University of Southampton, where he is Professor of Bioelectronics. In 2001 he was awarded a Royal Society-Leverhulme Senior Research Fellowship and in 2004 won the Desty award for innovation in separation science. He has published widely and co-authored a textbook on AC electrokinetics. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and the Royal Society of Chemistry. He holds a Royal Society Wolfson Research merit award.