Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

El. knyga: Future of Bioethics: International Dialogues [Oxford Scholarship Online E-books]

Edited by (University of Tokyo)
  • Formatas: 812 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 09-Jan-2014
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199682676
  • Oxford Scholarship Online E-books
  • Kaina nežinoma
  • Formatas: 812 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 09-Jan-2014
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199682676
Akira Akabayashi presents the first book to explore the conversation on bioethics that is taking place between scholars and practitioners from the East and West: the first book in the discipline of bioethics for the globalized world of the future. An international team of experts address emerging issues in bioethics, focus on new developments and their potential for change, and set the agenda for the future.

Most studies in bioethics advocating East-West dialogue have either attempted cross-cultural comparisons or have proposed Eastern philosophical paradigms to counter Western ideas. The tacit premise of previous work on the East-West dialogue is therefore a strain of relativism. Simply maintaining a respectful distance from other cultures is no longer sufficient in this era of globalization. The time has come for active engagement among different cultural perspectives. The Future of Bioethics initiates discussion on bioethical issues that arise from new medical technologies such as regenerative medicine, enhancement, research ethics, and synthetic biology, and goes on to address challenging dilemmas that result from the globalization of social change, such as transplantation tourism, public health ethics, care in the aging society, and professionalism. The volume presents original work by leading researchers in the field, alongside that of promising new scholars; as such, it establishes not only a cross-cultural dialogue, but dialogue between researchers of different generations.

The book is divided into two parts--the first on the progress of biomedical technologies and ethics, and the second on globalization and bioethics. Each part contains four sections on different topics, which feature a lead essay followed by a set of commentaries and further discussion.
List of Abbreviations
xvii
List of Contributors
xxi
Part I Progress of Biomedical Technologies and Ethics
Section A Regenerative Medicine
1.1 Primary Topic Article: The Ethics of Regenerative Medicine: Broadening the Scope beyond the Moral Status of Embryos
5(22)
Tamra Lysaght
Alastair V. Campbell
1.2 Commentary: Stem Cell Clinical Research: The Biology Determines the Ethics
27(4)
Douglas Sipp
1.3 Commentary: Regenerative Medicine and Science Literacy
31(4)
Eisuke Nakazawa
1.4 Commentary: Regenerative Medicine, Politics, and the High Price of Moral Constraint
35(5)
Aric Bendorf
Ian Kerridge
1.5 Response to Commentaries
40(6)
Tamra Lysaght
Alastair V. Campbell
2.1 Primary Topic Article: Neural Repair as a Case Study in Neuroethics
46(19)
D. Gareth Jones
2.2 Commentary: Some Issues in Neuroethics
65(4)
Jing Bai
Renzong Qiu
2.3 Commentary: Public Participation as a Potential Counter Strategy against Unethical Optimism
69(6)
Taichi Isobe
Nozomi Mizushima
Osamu Sakura
2.4 Commentary: Three Problems with Treatments for Parkinson's Disease
75(5)
Yukihiro Nobuhara
2.5 Response to Commentaries: The Optimism of Misguided Ventures in Repairing the Brain
80(11)
D. Gareth Jones
Section B Enhancement
3.1 Primary Topic Article: Autonomy and the Ethics of Biological Behaviour Modification
91(22)
Julian Savulescu
Thomas Douglas
Ingmar Persson
3.2 Commentary: (Im)Moral Technology? Thought Experiments and the Future of `Mind Control'
113(7)
Robert Sparrow
3.3 Commentary: Some Remarks on Moral Bioenhancement
120(6)
Masahiro Morioka
3.4 Commentary: Moral Technology and the Concept of `the Self'
126(5)
Tomohide Ibuki
Satoshi Kodama
3.5 Response to Commentaries
131(8)
Julian Savulescu
Thomas Douglas
Ingmar Persson
4.1 Primary Topic Article: Ethics, Eugenics, and Politics
139(15)
Robert Sparrow
4.2 Commentary: Eugenics in Society: A Sociological and Historical Consideration
154(5)
Yasutaka Ichinokawa
4.3 Commentary: Are `Brave' Parents Practicing Eugenics, Enhancement, or Something Else?
159(4)
Michelle L. McGowan
4.4 Commentary: Therapy, Enhancement, and Eugenics
163(7)
D. Gareth Jones
4.5 Commentary: The Nature of the Moral Obligation to Select the Best Children
170(13)
Julian Savulescu
4.6 Response to Commentaries: The Real Force of `Procreative Beneficence'
183(10)
Robert Sparrow
5.1 Primary Topic Article: The Misguided Quest for the Ethics of Enhancement
193(12)
Thomas Murray
5.2 Commentary: Thomas Murray's Enhancement of a Bioethics of Enhancement
205(6)
Carl Becker
5.3 Commentary: Arguments for and against Enhancement in Sports
211(7)
Renzong Qiu
5.4 Commentary: What We Can---and Cannot---Learn about the Ethics of Enhancement by Thinking about Sport
218(6)
Robert Sparrow
5.5 Response to Commentaries: Laments, Limits, and Liberalism
224(11)
Thomas Murray
Cameron R. Waldman
Section C Emerging Problems in Research Ethics
6.1 Primary Topic Article: Redefining Property in Human Body Parts: An Ethical Enquiry
235(29)
Benjamin Capps
6.2 Commentary: But Which Body: Body of Labor, or Body of Anatomy?
264(4)
Kantaro Ohashi
6.3 Commentary: The Non-Ownership Thesis: A German Perspective
268(7)
Wilhelm Vossenkuhl
6.4 Commentary: Legal Status of the Human Body and Tissues
275(3)
Katsunori Kai
6.5 Response to Commentaries: Does `Dignity in Property' Tell Us Anything about Dignity and Bioethics?
278(6)
Benjamin Capps
7.1 Primary Topic Article: Genetic Research to Facilitate Personalized Medicine: Ethical and Policy Challenges
284(8)
Karen J. Maschke
7.2 Commentary: Genetic Information: Direct to Consumers or Gatekeeping?
292(3)
Soraj Hongladarom
7.3 Commentary: The Ethical and Social Aspects of Genetic Information and Personalized Medical Genomics
295(3)
Koji Ota
7.4 Commentary: Gatekeeping Access to Genetic Information: A Response to "Genetic Research to Facilitate Personalized Medicine: Ethical and Policy Challenges"
298(3)
Douglas Sipp
7.5 Response to Commentaries
301(3)
Karen J. Maschke
8.1 Primary Topic Article: Ethics in Emerging Forms of Global Health Research Collaboration
304(14)
Michael Parker
8.2 Commentary: Reconciliation between Universality and Diversity
318(5)
Zhaochen Wang
8.3 Commentary: Research Ethics Governance in Korea: How and Why Does a Nation Adopt an Ethical Perspective into Research Oversight?
323(6)
Ilhak Lee
8.4 Response to Commentaries: Some Reflections
329(6)
Michael Parker
Section D Synthetic Biology and Chimera
9.1 Primary Topic Article: The Ethical Issues of Synthetic Biology
335(10)
Gregory Kaebnick
9.2 Commentary: Synthetic Biology, Intellectual Property, and Buddhism
345(5)
Soraj Hongladarom
9.3 Commentary: Before the Dawn of Ethics in Synthetic Biology
350(4)
Osamu Kanamori
9.4 Response to Commentaries
354(4)
Gregory Kaebnick
10.1 Primary Topic Article: Why Would It Be Morally Wrong to Create a Human-Animal Chimera?
358(8)
Stuart J. Youngner
10.2 Commentary: In Defence of Repugnance
366(5)
Catherine Mills
10.3 Commentary: On Crossing the Line between Human and Nonhuman: Human Dignity Reconsidered
371(6)
Takashi Ikeda
10.4 Response to Commentaries
377(3)
Stuart J. Youngner
11.1 Primary Topic Article: Chimera in Bioethics and Biopolitics
380(10)
Jonathan D. Moreno
11.2 Commentary: The Question of the Family in the Biopolitics of Chimeras
390(4)
Tomoko Sato
11.3 Commentary: The Biopolitics and Bioethics Surrounding Chimeric Embryo Research in Japan: A Comment on Jonathan Moreno's "Chimera in Bioethics and Biopolitics"
394(5)
Satoshi Kodama
Kyoko Takashima
11.4 Response to Commentaries
399(8)
Jonathan D. Moreno
Part II Globalization and Bioethics
Section A Organ Transplant
12.1 Primary Topic Article: Trafficking and Markets in Kidneys: Two Poor Solutions to a Pressing Problem
407(10)
Arthur L. Caplan
12.2 Commentary: Against Organ Markets but Be Cautious in Adopting Presumed Consent
417(4)
Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai
12.3 Commentary: Can a Presumed Consent System Stop Organ Trafficking?
421(5)
Takahiro Nakajima
12.4 Commentary: Presuming Minor Consent and Allowing Family Veto: Two Moral Concerns about Organ Procurement Policy
426(9)
Hitoshi Arima
12.5 Commentary: Organ Donation and Social Amelioration: A Two-Pronged Approach to Organ Trafficking
435(9)
Leonardo D. de Castro
Peter A. Sy
12.6 Response to Commentaries
444(5)
Arthur L. Caplan
13.1 Primary Topic Article: Ethics Without Borders? Why the United States Needs an International Dialogue on Living Organ Donation
449(12)
Mark P. Aulisio
Nicole M. Deming
Donna L. Luebke
Miriam Weiss
Rachel Phetteplace
Stuart J. Youngner
13.2 Commentary: Can Living Donation Be Justified?
461(7)
Yohei Akaida
Kohji Ishihara
13.3 Commentary: Living Organ Donation and Organ Shortages: Another Perspective
468(6)
Farhat Moazam
13.4 Commentary: The Paradigm of Living Related Donation: Stretched, Strained, and Abused?
474(9)
Leonardo D. de Castro
13.5 Response to Commentaries
483(5)
Donna L. Luebke
Nicole M. Deming
Rachel Phetteplace
Mark P. Aulisio
14.1 Primary Topic Article: The Future of Altruistic Medicine
488(15)
Jacqueline J. L. Chin
14.2 Commentary: Local and Global Contexts of the Praxis of Bioethics: `Transplant Tourism' and `Altruistic' Medicine
503(3)
Yosuke Shimazono
14.3 Commentary: Altruism in the Service of the Market and the State, and the Ethics of Regulation
506(5)
Amar Jesani
14.4 Commentary: Altruism in Organ Donation: Would Reciprocity Offer an Alternative Explanation?
511(5)
Mala Ramanathan
14.5 Commentary: A New Twist on Altruism: Survivors of Japan's 3/11
516(6)
Michael C. Brannigan
14.6 Response to Commentaries
522(7)
Jacqueline J. L. Chin
Section B Public Health Ethics
15.1 Primary Topic Article: What is `Public Health Ethics'?
529(10)
Angus Dawson
15.2 Commentary: What is `Substantive Public Health Ethics'?
539(4)
Keiichiro Yamamoto
15.3 Commentary: What are Collective Values?
543(3)
Ryoji Sato
15.4 Commentary: What is Expected of Public Health Ethics?
546(4)
Taketoshi Okita
15.5 Commentary: Public Health as Civic Practice
550(4)
Bruce Jennings
15.6 Response to Commentaries: In Defence of Substantive Public Health Ethics
554(4)
Angus Dawson
16.1 Primary Topic Article: Accountability for Reasonable Priority Setting
558(13)
Norman Daniels
James Sabin
16.2 Commentary: Reasonableness and Politics
571(4)
Daniel Callahan
16.3 Commentary: Deliberation, Fair Outcome, and Empirical Evidence: An Analogy with Archives
575(4)
Taro Okuda
16.4 Commentary: Justice, Fairness, and Deliberative Democracy in Health Care
579(7)
Akira Inoue
16.5 Commentary: How to Combine Universal and Particular Elements in the Distributive Process
586(4)
Wilhelm Vossenkuhl
16.6 Response to Commentaries: Further Thoughts on Implementing Accountability for Reasonableness
590(5)
James Sabin
Norman Daniels
Section C Care in the Aging Society
17.1 Primary Topic Article: Taking Seriously Ill People Seriously: Ethics and Policy Dimensions of the Chronic Disease/End-of-Life Care Continuum
595(15)
Nancy Berlinger
Michael K. Gusmano
17.2 Commentary: End-of-Life Care in Korea: The Tradition of Filial Loyalty in the Area of High-Tech Medicine
610(4)
Ilhak Lee
17.3 Commentary: Chronic Disease and Mental Care
614(4)
Yukihiro Nobuhara
17.4 Commentary: Navigating the Twilight Zone
618(6)
Michael Dunn
17.5 Response to Commentaries
624(4)
Nancy Berlinger
Michael K. Gusmano
18.1 Primary Topic Article: Ethics in Long-Term Care Practice: A Global Call to Arms
628(16)
Tony Hope
Michael Dunn
18.2 Commentary: Ethical and Policy Issues in Long-Term Care in China
644(6)
Xiaomei Zhai
18.3 Commentary: Whose Rights? Rights Protection in Long-Term Care
650(4)
Shunzo Majima
18.4 Commentary: Listening to Voices that Are Difficult to Hear
654(2)
Susumu Shimazono
18.5 Commentary: On Universal and Particular: Guidance Seeking via Human Rights and Ethics Facilitating
656(6)
Michael C. Brannigan
18.6 Response to Commentaries
662(7)
Michael Dunn
Tony Hope
Section D Rethinking Medical Professionalism
19.1 Primary Topic Article: A Virtue Ethics Analysis of Disclosure Requirements and Financial Incentives as Responses to Conflicts of Interest in Physician Prescribing
669(9)
Justin Oakley
19.2 Commentary: Trust and Professionalism: A Perspective on Conflict of Interest Policy
678(5)
Ilhak Lee
19.3 Commentary: Conflicts of Interest: Relationship between Japanese Physicians and the Pharmaceutical Industry
683(5)
Masatoshi Nara
19.4 Commentary: Virtue Ethics and Conflict of Interest
688(5)
Tom L. Beauchamp
19.5 Commentary: Dealing with Conflicts of Interest: Is Virtue Ethics Tough Enough?
693(4)
Alastair V. Campbell
19.6 Response to Commentaries: Sketch of a Virtue Ethics Regulatory Model
697(6)
Justin Oakley
20.1 Primary Topic Article: The Future of Clinical Ethics Education: Value Pluralism, Communication, and Mediation
703(9)
Edward J. Bergman
Autumn Fiester
20.2 Commentary: Barriers to Clinical Ethics Mediation in Contemporary Japan
712(6)
Atsushi Asai
Yasuhiro Kadooka
20.3 Commentary: Clinical Ethics After Morality: Mediation as Pure Procedure
718(3)
H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.
20.4 Commentary: Bioethics Mediation and Narrative Consultation
721(6)
Takanobu Kinjo
20.5 Commentary: The Functions and Limitations of Clinical Ethics Mediation
727(3)
Ji-Yong Park
20.6 Response to Commentaries
730(5)
Edward J. Bergman
Autumn Fiester
21.1 Primary Topic Article: Informed Consent Revisited: A Global Perspective
735(15)
Akira Akabayashi
Yoshinori Hayashi
21.2 Commentary: Medical Practice and Cultural Myth
750(7)
Carl Becker
21.3 Commentary: Whose Interest Is It Anyway? Autonomy and Family-Facilitated Approach to Decision-Making
757(5)
Anita Ho
21.4 Commentary: How Should We Defend a Family-Based Approach to Informed Consent?
762(4)
Ruiping Fan
21.5 Response to Commentaries: Informed Consent, Family, and Autonomy
766(9)
Akira Akabayashi
Yoshinori Hayashi
Index 775
Akira Akabayashi is Professor in the Department of Biomedical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, at the University of Tokyo.