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Gang Injunctions and Abatement: Using Civil Remedies to Curb Gang-Related Crimes [Kietas viršelis]

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(Bureau of Investigation, San Diego County District Attorneys Office, Chula Vista, California, USA)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 662 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1315 g, 112 Tables, black and white; 85 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Dec-2011
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1439867879
  • ISBN-13: 9781439867877
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Gang Injunctions and Abatement: Using Civil Remedies to Curb Gang-Related CrimesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 662 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1315 g, 112 Tables, black and white; 85 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 20-Dec-2011
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1439867879
  • ISBN-13: 9781439867877
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781439867877.html
Raktažodžiai:
O'Deane (criminal justice, Kaplan U. and National U.) is a California policy officer specializing in narcotics and gangs. In this third book on gangs, he assesses the impact of injunctions and abatements against gangs on the communities where they are implemented. The topics include steps of the injunction process, legal criticism of gang injunctions and gang abatement, gang injunctions since 1990, gang injunctions outside California, and graffiti abatement. Annotation ©2012 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

As gang violence continues to rise across the country and the world, police departments, prosecutors, and community members are seeking new methods to reduce the spread of gang-related criminal activity. Civil gang injunctions have become a growing feature of crime control programs in several states across the nation. Gang Injunctions and Abatement: Using Civil Remedies to Curb Gang-Related Crimes examines the effectiveness of this strategy and explores the accompanying constitutional controversies related to freedom of speech, assembly, and other rights.

Questions raised by this thought-provoking volume include:

  • What are the costs of gang violence to society?
  • Do civil remedies curb violence in the communities where they are implemented?
  • What factors make a given injunction or abatement more or less effective?
  • What legal and policy issues stand in the way of gang injunctions and abatement?

Providing step-by-step instructions on how to establish a successful injunction and abatement program, the book presents comprehensive research on the theoretical basis for the strategy. It includes a legal and chronological progression of actual cases and their outcomes, describing weaknesses and successes in various programs. Supplying succinct guidelines from lessons learned, the book enables prosecutors, police agencies, and the public to take steps toward eradicating gang activities in their communities.

List of Figures
xxix
List of Tables
xxxiii
About the Author xxxvii
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(20)
Criminal Law versus Civil Law
3(1)
Public Nuisances
4(2)
What is an Injunction or Abatement?
6(2)
The Gang Problem
8(2)
Definition of Terms
10(7)
Stage 1 At Risk or Peripheral
13(1)
Stage 2 Associates or Affiliates
14(1)
Stage 3 Gang Members
14(1)
Stage 4 Hard-Core Gang Members
15(1)
Stage 5 Gang Leaders
15(2)
No Single Method Will Solve the Problem
17(4)
Chapter 2 Steps 1 to 5 of the Injunction Process
21(30)
Step 1 Start with a Motivated and Knowledgeable Prosecutor and Police Officer
21(3)
Step 2 Accurately Identify the Nuisance Activity and the Problem
24(2)
Step 3 Identify the Defendants or Gang to be Named or Targeted by the Injunction
26(7)
What Are DOEs?
28(5)
Step 4 Identify and Describe the Target Location, Target Area, or Safety Zone
33(5)
Gang Abatement at a Specific Location
38(1)
Step 5 Collect Evidence
38(13)
Not Enough Evidence: Consider an Eviction
50(1)
Chapter 3 Steps 6 to 10 of the Injunction Process
51(22)
Step 6 Prepare the Order, Decide Which Type to Obtain
51(7)
Name the Gang, Name the Individuals, Name Both?
53(4)
Requirements for Issuance of Preliminary Injunction
57(1)
Procedure for Obtaining Preliminary Injunction: Order to Show Cause (OSC)
57(1)
Step 7 Obtain the Order, What Activity Will You Restrict?
58(4)
The Narrowly Tailored Limitation on the Scope of an Injunction
61(1)
Step 8 Notify the Defendants
62(3)
The Yolo County Broderick Boys Case
65(1)
Step 9 Final Disposition or Trial
65(5)
Proposed Preliminary Injunction
66(1)
Ex Parte Application for Order to Show Cause
66(1)
Proposed Order to Show Cause
67(1)
Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support of Ex Parte Application and Preliminary Injunction
67(1)
Obtaining Judgment Granting Permanent Injunction
67(3)
Step 10 Enforce and Maintain the Order, Educate the Police and Community
70(3)
Chapter 4 Literature and Policy
73(30)
Category 1 Police Response
74(5)
Police Response Time
77(2)
Category 2 Other Enforcement That Impacted Results
79(4)
Category 3 Type of Gang
83(4)
Percentage of the Overall Gang Targeted with Injunction
84(1)
Targeting Gang Leaders
85(1)
Territoriality of the Gang
86(1)
Category 4 Type of Activity
87(2)
Is the Crime Collective or Individual?
88(1)
Category 5 Target Area Characteristics
89(7)
Percentage of Turf Enjoined and Displacement
91(2)
Economic Status of the Target Area
93(2)
Zoning in Target Area
95(1)
Category 6 Type of Community
96(2)
Police-Initiated Injunctions
97(1)
Category 7 Type of Order
98(2)
Category 8 Maintenance of the Order
100(3)
More Jail Time
100(1)
Updated Orders May be More Effective
101(1)
Gang Injunctions and Gang Dynamics
102(1)
Chapter 5 Gang Injunction and Gang Abatement Theory
103(46)
Deterrence Theory: Increasing Risk and Punishment
105(11)
Old Town National City Example: Testing the Resolve of Police
111(1)
Injunction Violations Help Prove Gang Membership
112(1)
Additional Common Provisions
113(3)
Association Theory: Group Processes and Negative Peer Influence
116(6)
Frequency, Duration, and Intensity
118(3)
Intimidating Witnesses
121(1)
Environmental Theories: Target Area Environmental Factors
122(5)
Vandalism and Graffiti
123(2)
Broken Windows Theory
125(2)
Economic Theory: Strain Theorists
127(6)
Economic Opportunity by Selling Drugs
129(3)
Reducing Property Crimes Like Burglary and Auto Theft
132(1)
Strain Theory's Solution to the Problem
132(1)
Psychological Gang Dynamics Theory: Gang Crime Motivators
133(1)
Displacement or Diffusion
133(3)
Common Gang Crime Motivators Addressed by Injunctions
136(13)
Limit Gang Identification (Hand Signs and Gang Clothing)
136(3)
Turf Violations (Keep Rivals Apart to Reduce Confrontations)
139(1)
Elevate Standing or Seeking Prestige
139(1)
Personal Conflicts (Less Time Together, Less Internal Issues?)
140(1)
Self-Control (Help Them Control Themselves)
141(1)
Gangs and Schools (Protect Our Youth and Those at Risk)
142(1)
Reduce Gang Recruiting
143(1)
How a Gang's Structure Impacts a Gang Injunction (Territorial vs. Mobile)
144(5)
Chapter 6 Legal Criticism of Gang Injunctions and Gang Abatement
149(24)
Not Effective Debate
149(2)
Illegal Debate
151(4)
Gang Injunctions and Legal Accusations of Racism
155(3)
Cost Debate
158(1)
Community Support Debate
159(3)
Media Campaign of Misinformation
162(1)
Give Them a Way Out of the Gang and Off the Injunction: Opting Out
163(10)
Getting Off an Injunction: What is Required?
165(3)
San Francisco Policy
168(1)
So What is the Review Process?
169(1)
Confidentiality
170(1)
Representation by Counsel
170(1)
How to Submit Your Petition
171(1)
Identifying Information
171(2)
Chapter 7 Research Methodology
173(24)
Quantitative Study
174(1)
Retrospective, Quasi-Experimental Study
174(1)
Initial Goal/Quantitative Analysis
175(1)
Epidemiological Study
175(1)
Comparing Two Populations: Injunction and Control
176(1)
Testing Dependent Variables: Part 1, Part 2, and Total Calls
177(1)
Control for Validity
177(1)
Sampling Frame and Procedure
178(1)
Sample
178(1)
Treatment
179(1)
Instrumentation
179(1)
Data Analysis/Statistical Procedures
179(3)
Nature of the Scales
182(1)
Compare Same Points in Time
182(1)
Measuring Crime
183(1)
Measuring Cost
184(2)
Measuring Convictions
186(1)
Measuring Arrests
187(1)
Measuring Community Perceptions
188(3)
National Crime Victimization Surveys
188(1)
Localized Community Surveys
189(1)
Stakeholder Surveys
189(1)
Self-Report Crime Surveys
190(1)
The Gang Member's Perspective
191(1)
Measuring Crime by Mapping
191(1)
Measuring UCRs and Calls
192(2)
National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
194(1)
Two Studies Conducted Using UCRs Data Prior to This the Third
194(3)
Jeff Grogger Study
194(1)
Los Angeles Grand Jury Study
195(2)
Chapter 8 Results of 25 Injunction Studies
197(76)
Section 1 Injunction and Control Pairings
197(5)
Descriptive: Injunction versus Control
198(1)
Correlation between Injunction and Matched Controls
199(2)
Summary of Section 1: Injunction and Control Pairings
201(1)
Section 2 Effect of Injunctions on Calls for Service
202(5)
Baseline Values, Injunction and Control
202(1)
Baseline Part 2 Calls
202(1)
Baseline Total Calls for Service
202(1)
Summary of Baseline Calls
202(1)
Percent Change for Part 1 Crime
203(1)
Part 2 Calls for Service
204(1)
Total Calls for Service
205(1)
Summary: Effect of Injunctions on Calls for Service
205(2)
Section 3 Further or Exploratory Analysis
207(42)
Variance by Gang Ethnicity
207(3)
Summary of Injunctions of Hispanic Gangs
210(5)
Summary of Ethnicity
215(1)
Variance by Gang Injunction Size (More or Less than 50 Members)
216(7)
Summary of Gang Injunctions: More versus Less than 50 Targeted Member Results
223(1)
Variance by County
223(9)
Summary of County Analysis
232(1)
Variance by Gang Injunction Area (Square Miles)
233(8)
Summary of Square Mileage Analysis
241(1)
Variance by Overall Gang Size
241(7)
Summary of Overall Gang Size Analysis
248(1)
Summary of Further Analysis
248(1)
Limitations with the Injunctions
249(1)
Section 4 Case-by-Case Analysis
249(24)
Case/Pair 1 Posole and Vista Homeboys: Part 1 Crime
249(1)
Case/Pair 1 Posole and Vista Homeboys: Part 2 Crime
250(1)
Case/Pair 1 Posole and Vista Homeboys: Total Calls
250(1)
Case/Pair 2 San Marcos and South Los: Part 1 Crime
250(1)
Case/Pair 2 San Marcos and South Los: Part 2 Crime
250(1)
Case/Pair 2 San Marcos and South Los: Total Calls
251(1)
Case/Pair 3 Old Town National City and Shelltown Gamma: Part 1 Crime
251(1)
Case/Pair 3 Old Town National City and Shelltown Gamma: Part 2 Crime
251(1)
Case/Pair 3 Old Town National City and Shelltown Gamma: Total Calls
252(1)
Case/Pair 4 Mesa Locos and Center Street: Part 1 Crime
252(1)
Case/Pair 4 Mesa Locos and Center Street: Part 2 Crime
252(1)
Case/Pair 4 Mesa Locos and Center Street: Total Calls
252(1)
Case/Pair 5 Linda Vista and Mission Bay: Part 1 Crime
253(1)
Case/Pair 5 Linda Vista and Mission Bay: Part 2 Crime
253(1)
Case/Pair 5 Linda Vista and Mission Bay: Total Calls
253(1)
Case/Pair 6 Diablos and Fallbrook Locos: Part 1 Crime
254(1)
Case/Pair 6 Diablos and Fallbrook Locos: Part 2 Crime
254(1)
Case/Pair 6 Diablos and Fallbrook Locos: Total Calls
254(1)
Case/Pair 7 Westside and Encinitas Locos: Part 1 Crime
254(1)
Case/Pair 7 Westside and Encinitas Locos: Part 2 Crime
255(1)
Case/Pair 7 Westside and Encinitas Locos: Total Calls
255(1)
Case/Pair 8 Nestor and Imperials: Part 1 Crime
255(1)
Case/Pair 8 Nestor and Imperials: Part 2 Crime
255(1)
Case/Pair 8 Nestor and Imperials: Total Calls
256(6)
Case/Pair 16 Verdugo Flats and Northside Colton: Total Calls
262(1)
Case/Pair 17 Project Crips and Colton City Crips: Part 1 Crime
263(1)
Case/Pair 17 Project Crips and Colton City Crips: Part 2 Crime
263(1)
Case/Pair 17 Project Crips and Colton City Crips: Total Calls
263(1)
Case/Pair 18 Canoga Park and Reseda South/Westside: Part 1 Crime
264(1)
Case/Pair 18 Canoga Park and Reseda South/Westside: Part 2 Crime
264(1)
Case/Pair 18 Canoga Park Alabama and Reseda South/Westside: Total Calls
264(1)
Case/Pair 19 18th Street Pico Union and SSK/Drifters Gang: Part 1 Crime
264(1)
Case/Pair 19 18th Street Pico and SSK/Drifters Gang: Part 2 Crime
265(1)
Case/Pair 19 18th Street Pico Union and SSK/Drifters Gang: Total Calls
265(1)
Case/Pair 20 Krazy Ass Mexicans and State/Clarence Street: Part 1 Crime
265(1)
Case/Pair 20 Krazy Ass Mexicans and State/Clarence Street: Part 2 Crime
266(1)
Case/Pair 20 Krazy Ass Mexicans and State/Clarence Street: Total Calls
266(1)
Case/Pair 21 Rolling Sixties Crips and Eight Tray Gangsters: Part 1 Crime
266(1)
Case/Pair 21 Rolling Sixties Crips and Eight Tray Gangsters: Part 2 Crime
266(1)
Case/Pair 21 Rolling Sixties Crips and Eight Tray Gangsters: Total Calls
267(1)
Case/Pair 22 Varrio Nueva Estrada and White Fence: Part 1 Crime
267(1)
Case/Pair 22 Varrio Nueva Estrada and White Fence: Part 2 Crime
267(1)
Case/Pair 22 Varrio Nueva Estrada and White Fence: Total Calls
268(1)
Case/Pair 23 Grape Street Crips and 97th Street Crips: Part 1 Crime
268(1)
Case/Pair 23 Grape Street Crips and 97th Street Crips: Part 2 Crime
268(1)
Case/Pair 23 Grape Street Crips and 97th Street Crips: Total Calls
268(1)
Case/Pair 24 Bounty Hunter Bloods and Front/Back Street Crips: Part 1 Crime
269(1)
Case/Pair 24 Bounty Hunter Bloods and Front/Back Street Crips: Part 2 Crime
269(1)
Case/Pair 24 Bounty Hunter Bloods and Front/Back Street Crips: Total Calls
269(1)
Case/Pair 25 Colonia Chiques and Southside Chiques: Part 1 Crime
270(1)
Case/Pair 25 Colonia Chiques and Southside Chiques: Part 2 Crime
270(1)
Case/Pair 25 Colonia Chiques and Southside Chiques: Total Calls
270(1)
Compare Injunction and Control for Part 1 Crime
271(1)
Summary of Part 1 Crime
271(1)
Compare Injunction and Control for Part 2 Crime
271(1)
Summary of Part 2 Crime
271(1)
Compare Injunction and Control for Total Calls
271(1)
Summary of Total Calls
272(1)
Policy or Political Differences That May Have Impacted the Results
272(1)
Chapter 9 Police Officers from 25 Gang Injunction Areas Surveyed
273(26)
Survey Methods
273(2)
Injunction Effectiveness
275(1)
Survey Design
276(1)
Survey Target Population/Participants
276(1)
Sample
277(1)
Survey Was Piloted
277(1)
Survey Data Collection Procedures
278(1)
Connecting the Survey to the Case Studies
278(2)
Statistical Procedures for the Survey
280(1)
Data Analysis
280(1)
Limitations
281(1)
Police Officer Survey Results
281(3)
Description of Participant Demography
282(1)
Results Survey Question 1: Making an Arrest for a Gang Injunction Violation is an Effective Use of My Time?
282(1)
Results Survey Question 2: Gang Injunction Violations Are Responded to in Which Manner in My Jurisdiction?
282(1)
Summary of Response Speed and Injunction Success
283(1)
Results Survey Question 3: If Aware of the Presence of an Injunction, Was the Injunction Part of a Larger Intervention or Enforcement Program?
284(1)
Part of a Larger Intervention and Injunction Success
284(1)
Results Survey Question 4: If Yes to Question 3, What Were the Goals of the Larger Program?
284(1)
Results Survey Question 5: What is the Size of the Gang You Targeted with the Injunction?
285(1)
Gang Size and Injunction Success
285(1)
Gangs of 250 or More and Injunction Success
286(1)
Gangs of 200 or More and Injunction Success
286(1)
Gangs of 150 or More and Injunction Success
286(1)
Gangs of 100 or More and Injunction Success
287(1)
Summary of Gang Size and Injunction Success
287(1)
Results Survey Question 6: What Percentage of the Overall Gang Size Was Actually Named in the Injunction or Later Served with the Injunction?
288(1)
Summary of Percentage of Gang Served and Success
288(1)
Results Survey Question 7: Were the Gang Leaders Targeted with the Injunction?
289(1)
Summary of Leaders Targeted and Injunction Success
289(3)
Results Survey Question 8: The Gangs in My Jurisdiction Are Territorial and Have Well-Defined Borders That They Actively Defend against Rivals
290(1)
Results Survey Question 9: Was the Activity That Originally Brought the Gang Problems in the Injunction Part 1 Crime?
290(1)
Results Survey Question 10: Gang Crime in My Jurisdiction is Committed by Gang Members Working as Individuals Rather Than Working Together as a Group
290(1)
Results Survey Question 11: What is the Size of the Gang Turf of the Gang You Targeted with the Injunction?
290(1)
Results Survey Question 12: What Percentage of the Total Gang's Turf Was Made Part of the Gang Injunction Target Area?
291(1)
Results Survey Question 13: What is the General Economic Status of the Gang Injunction Area?
291(1)
Results Survey Question 14: What Best Describes the Zoning in the Target Area?
291(1)
Results Survey Question 15: How Was the Injunction Obtained? Rate the Following Groups' Level of Participation in the Decision to Obtain the Injunction
291(1)
Results Survey Question 16: If Aware of an Injunction, Who Initially Requested the Injunction?
292(1)
Requestor of the Injunction and Injunction Success
292(1)
Results Survey Question 17: Which of the Following Below Best Describes the Injunction in Your Area?
292(1)
Results Survey Question 18: Does Your Department Keep You Adequately Informed as to the Status of the Injunction?
293(1)
Keeping Informed and Injunction Success
293(1)
Results Survey Question 19: If an Arrest is Made for a Gang Injunction Violation, What is the Typical Response in Your Jurisdiction?
294(1)
Results Survey Question 20: In My Jurisdiction We Constantly Evaluate the Injunction and Add or Remove Members as it Becomes Necessary to Keep the Injunction Current
294(1)
The Police Officer Survey
294(5)
Chapter 10 Research and Conclusions about Effectiveness
299(18)
Grogger Study: First Scientific Look at Effectiveness
300(1)
Edward Allan Study (Survey of Prosecutors)
301(1)
Los Angeles Grand Jury Study, June 2004
302(1)
Maxson Community Study of Verdugo Flats
303(1)
Fresno Grand Jury Makes Gang Injunction Recommendations
304(1)
O'Deane Gang Injunction Study---September 2007
305(1)
O'Deane Gang Injunction Study---November 2007
305(3)
Comparing the Empirical Findings
308(2)
Long-Term Impact of Six Gang Injunctions Evaluated
310(3)
Limitations
313(1)
Suggestions for Future Research
314(1)
What Are the Policy Recommendations?
315(1)
Research Conclusion
315(2)
Chapter 11 The Birth of Gang Injunctions
317(6)
Year 1982
318(2)
People v. Dogtown, Primera and 62nd Street East Coast Crips Gangs (Los Angeles Case C418875), July 22, 1982
318(1)
California Corporations Code Used against Gangs
319(1)
Year 1987
320(3)
People v. Playboy Gangster Crips (Los Angeles Case WEC118860), October 26, 1987
320(3)
Chapter 12 Gang Injunctions 1990--1999
323(34)
Year 1992
323(1)
Fairview Property Associates v. Westside Playboys (Los Angeles Case EC009117), July 1, 1992
323(1)
People v. Acosta (Los Angeles Case EC010205), October 7, 1992
323(1)
Year 1993
324(5)
People v. Blythe Street Gang (Los Angeles Case LC020525), February 22, 1993
324(1)
People v. Acuna (Santa Clara Case 729322), February 26, 1993
324(1)
Blythe Injunction (False Promises), ACLU Study and City Attorney Response
325(2)
People v. Amaya (Orange County Case 713223), June 30, 1993 (Attempt)
327(1)
Strategies against Gang Environments Forms in LA to Help Get Gang Injunctions
328(1)
Year 1994
329(2)
People v. Avalos (Santa Clara Case CV739089), March 16, 1994
329(1)
People v. B Street Boys (Alameda Case 735405-4), May 18, 1994 (Attempt)
329(1)
City of Norwalk v. Orange Street Locos (Los Angeles Case VC016746), July 21, 1994
330(1)
Year 1995
331(1)
City of Long Beach v. Westside Longos (Los Angeles Case NC17601), October 6, 1995
331(1)
City of Pasadena v. Pasadena Denver Lanes (Los Angeles Case GC015651), October 25, 1995
331(1)
Year 1996
332(5)
City of Redondo Beach v. North Side Redondo 13 (Los Angeles Case YC026580), April 30, 1996
332(1)
City of Pasadena v. Villa Boys and Krazy Boys (Los Angeles Case GC016746/GC017109), June 13, 1996
333(1)
People v. Headhunters (SB Case SCV30441), June 20, 1996 (Attempt)
334(1)
People v. Lennox-13 (Los Angeles Case YC027006), July 30, 1996
335(1)
City of Commerce v. Chopper 12 (Los Angeles Case BC155927), August 20, 1996
335(1)
City of Inglewood v. Crenshaw Mafia (Los Angeles Case YC028318), December 17, 1996
336(1)
Year 1997
337(7)
People v. 18th Street Gang Alsace Clique (Los Angeles Case BC167915), March 21, 1997
337(1)
People v. Brown Nation (Los Angeles Case VC 24170), March 27, 1997 (Attempt)
337(2)
City of Long Beach v. West Coast Crips (Los Angeles Case NC021240), May 5, 1997
339(1)
People v. 18th Street Gang Pico/Union (Los Angeles Case BC175684), August 1, 1997
340(2)
People v. 7th Street Gang (San Bernardino Case SCVSS42552), October 24, 1997
342(1)
People v. Varrio Posole Locos (San Diego Case N76652), November 26, 1997
343(1)
Year 1998
344(6)
People v. Mara Salvatrucha (Los Angeles Case BC187039), March 4, 1998
344(1)
People v. 18th Street Shatto Park (Los Angeles Case BC190334), May 1, 1998
344(1)
People v. Arroyo---Varrio Horseshoe, Westside Mob, Sur Santos Pride, and Eastside Clanton Gangs (Santa Clara Case CV775225), July 10, 1998
345(1)
People v. Harpy's Gang (Los Angeles Case BC192678), July 16, 1998
346(1)
People v. Original Bloods (San Joaquin Case CV05505), July 28, 1998
347(1)
People v. Alcarez---Vagos Gang (Monterey Case 115095), July 30, 1998
347(1)
People v. Varrio San Marcos (San Diego Case N078777), August 3, 1998
348(1)
City of Compton v. Compton Varrio Flats, aka Tortilla Flats Gang (Los Angeles Case TC011598), August 20, 1998
348(1)
City of San Diego v. Lincoln Park (San Diego Case 725795), November 19, 1998 (Updated in 2004)
349(1)
City of National City v. Old Town National City Gang (San Diego Case SB007194), December 15, 1998
350(1)
Year 1999
350(7)
People v. Langdon Street Gang (Los Angeles Case LC048292), March 26, 1999
350(2)
People v. Culver City Boys (Los Angeles Case SC056980), April 23, 1999
352(1)
People v. Venice Shoreline Crips (Los Angeles Case SC057282), May 21, 1999
353(2)
People v. Sur Crazy Ones (San Bernardino Case SCVSS58315), June 24, 1999
355(1)
People v. Varrio Mesa Locos (San Diego Case N82223), August 20, 1999
355(1)
People v. Harbor City Gang and the Harbor City Crips (Los Angeles Case NC026769), November 12, 1999
356(1)
Chapter 13 Gang Injunctions 2000--2009
357(76)
Years 2000--2009
357(3)
People v. Venice 13 Gang (Los Angeles Case SC060375), February 4, 2000
357(2)
People v. Linda Vista 13 Gang (San Diego Case GIC745162), March 24, 2000
359(1)
City of San Jose v. South Vietnam (Santa Clara Case CV791443), July 28, 2000
359(1)
Year 2001
360(3)
People v. Five Time Hometown Crips (San Bernardino SCVSS080319), January 13, 2001
360(1)
People v. Pacoima Project Boys (Los Angeles Case PC027254Y), March 20, 2001
360(1)
People v. Eastside and Westside Wilmas (Los Angeles Case NC030080), May 23, 2001
361(1)
People v. Diablos Gang (San Diego Case GIN013906), July 13, 2001
362(1)
People v. Westside Gang (San Diego Case GIN013907), July 13, 2001
362(1)
People v. Eastside Longos (Los Angeles Case NC030660), August 31, 2001
362(1)
Year 2002
363(4)
People v. Canoga Park Alabama (Los Angeles Case BC267153), January 29, 2002
363(1)
People v. Nestor Gang (San Diego Case GIS9068), February 27, 2002
364(1)
People v. 18th Street Pico Union (Los Angeles Case BC272030), April 16, 2002 (Redoing the 18th Street Pico Union That Was Previously Dismissed)
364(1)
People v. Varrio Sureno Town (Santa Clara Case CV811217), September 19, 2002
365(1)
People v. Krazy Ass Mexicans (Los Angeles Case BC282629), October 3, 2002
365(1)
People v. Logan Height Red Steps Gang(San Diego Case GIC798708), November 1, 2002
366(1)
People v. Avenues Gang (Los Angeles Case BC287137), December 17, 2002
367(1)
Year 2003
367(5)
People v. Verdugo Flats (San Bernardino Case SCVSS092975), March 10, 2003
367(1)
People v. Insane Crip (Los Angeles Case NC033946), April 16, 2003
368(1)
People v. Rolling Sixties Crips (Los Angeles Case BC298646), July 8, 2003
368(2)
People v. Chankla Bulldogs (Fresno Case 03CECG02881), August 15, 2003
370(1)
People v. Center Street (San Diego Case GIN032007), August 22, 2003
370(1)
People v. Bounty Hunter Bloods (Los Angeles Case BC301433), August 26, 2003
370(1)
People v. Delman Heights Bloods (San Bernardino Case SCVSS107068), October 9, 2003
371(1)
People v. Varrio Posole Locos (San Diego Case GIN033214), October 17, 2003
371(1)
People v. Project Crips (San Bernardino Case SCVSS109373), November 4, 2003
372(1)
People v. 18th Street Hollywood (Los Angeles Case BC305434), November 4, 2003
372(1)
Year 2004
372(10)
People v. Westside Longos (Los Angeles Case NC035222), January 12, 2004
372(1)
People v. Mara Salvatrucha Hollywood (Los Angeles Case BC311766), March 9, 2004
373(1)
People v. Oxnard Colonia Chiques (Ventura Case CIV226032), April 2, 2004
373(1)
People v. 18th Street Wilshire (Los Angeles Case BC313309), April 6, 2004
374(1)
People v. East Side Piru, Aka Skyline (San Diego Case GIC827117), April 16, 2004
374(2)
Evaluation of the Analysis Typically Needed to Obtain an Injunction: The Skyline Example
376(3)
People v. G-Mobb (Sacramento County Case 04AS02821), July 13, 2004
379(1)
People v. 38th Street (Los Angeles Case BC319166), July 28, 2004
379(1)
People v. Varrio Nueva Estrada Hollenbeck (Los Angeles Case BC319981), August 12, 2004
379(1)
People v. Parkside Bulldogs (Fresno Case 04CECG02777), September 27, 2004
380(1)
People v. Southside Montebello (Los Angeles Case BC324344), November 10, 2004
380(1)
People v. California Garden Crips (San Bernardino Case SCVSS119636), November 23, 2004
381(1)
People v. 42nd, 43rd, 48th Street Gangster Crips (Los Angeles Case BC326016), December 16, 2004
381(1)
People v. Broderick Boys (Yolo County Case CV04-2085), December 30, 2004
381(1)
Year 2005
382(8)
People v. Grape Street Crips (Los Angeles Case BC330087), March 10, 2005
382(1)
People v. Hoovers and Troubles (Los Angeles Case BC330272), March 15, 2005
383(1)
People v. 18th St. CLCS and Nine Other Gangs (Los Angeles Case BC332713), May 2, 2005
383(2)
People v. Vista Homeboys (San Diego Case GIN044867), May 27, 2005
385(1)
Example of Serving a Large Number of Defendants at One Time
385(1)
People v. Lamparas Primera and Southside (Santa Barbara 1148758), June 1, 2005
386(1)
People v. Big Hazard (Los Angeles Case BC335749), June 28, 2005
386(1)
People v. Old Town National City (San Diego Case GIS22336), October 7, 2005
387(1)
People v. Hoovers Gang (Los Angeles Case BC341872), October 24, 2005
387(2)
People v. Modoc Boys (Fresno Case 05CECG03696), November 28, 2005
389(1)
San Francisco County Takes a Look at the Gang Injunction Policy
389(1)
Not Every Injunction Considered is Implemented: PPHG (Pimps, Playboys, Hustlers, and Gangsters) Example
390(1)
Year 2006
390(8)
People v. Olive Street Pomona (Los Angeles Case KC047752), February 1, 2006
390(1)
People v. Geer Street and Schoolyard Crips (Los Angeles Case BC349468), March 23, 2006
390(1)
City of San Diego v. West Coast Crips (San Diego Case GIC864852), April 25, 2006
391(1)
People v. Playboys (Los Angeles Case BC351990), May 8, 2006
391(1)
People v. Black P Stones (Los Angeles Case BC352951), May 25, 2006
392(1)
People v. White Fence (Los Angeles Case BC353596), June 8, 2006
392(1)
People v. Santa Nita (Orange County Case 06CC06903), June 8, 2006
392(2)
People v. Southside Chiques (Ventura Case CIV242491), July 27, 2006
394(1)
People v. East Side Victoria (San Bernardino VCVVS042664), August 2, 2006
394(1)
People v. Orange Cove Rifa Bulldogs and Orange Cove Sur (Fresno County Case 06CECG02815), August 23, 2006
395(1)
People v. Clover, Eastlake, and Lincoln Heights (Los Angeles County Case BC358881), September 20, 2006
395(1)
People v. Oakdale Mob (San Francisco Case CGC06456517), September 27, 2006
395(1)
People v. Dogtown (Los Angeles BC359945), October 6, 2006
396(1)
People v. Highland Park (Los Angeles County Case BC359944), October 6, 2006
396(1)
People v. Junior Mafia Gang (Los Angeles County VC047440), October 6, 2006
397(1)
People v. Boys from the Hood (Orange County 06CC10916), October 12, 2006
397(1)
People v. Whittier Varrio Locos (Los Angeles County BC363464), December 15, 2006
398(1)
People v. Westside Gang (San Diego Case GIN057995), December 26, 2006
398(1)
People v. Diablos Gang (San Diego Case GIN057995), December 26, 2006
398(1)
Year 2007
398(14)
Stay-Away Orders Used in Connection with Gang Injunctions
398(1)
San Bernardino District Attorney Forms Gang Injunction Unit
399(1)
Canoga Park Alabama, March 21, 2007
399(1)
Los Angeles City Attorney Establishes Gang Injunction Guidelines
399(1)
Los Angeles Police Form "Top 10" Gang List
400(1)
People v. Nortenos (San Francisco Case CGC-07-464492), June 21, 2007
400(1)
People v. Chopper City, Knock Out Posse, Nortenos, and Eddy Rock (San Francisco Case CGC-07-464493), June 21, 2007
401(1)
AB 104 Signed
401(1)
People v. Hawaiian Gardens (Los Angeles Case BC375773), September 21, 2007
402(1)
People v. East Side Riva (Riverside Case RIC478810), August 22, 2007
402(1)
People v. Varrio Viejo (Orange County 07CC19689), October 11, 2007
403(1)
People v. Varrio Chico (Orange County 07CC19690), October 11, 2007
404(1)
People v. Varrio San Marcos (San Diego 07-00057284), October 19, 2007
405(1)
People v. Rolling 40's Crips, 46 Top Dollar Hustler Crips, and 46 Neighborhood Crips (Los Angeles Case BC380229), November 5, 2007
405(2)
Dog Pound Gangsters (Fresno County Case 07GI05), November 29, 2007
407(4)
People v. 204th Street and Eastside Torrance (Los Angeles BC381942), December 7, 2007
411(1)
Year 2008
412(12)
People v. Mob Piru Gang Compton (Los Angeles TC021658), January 24, 2008
412(1)
People v. San Fer Gang (Case No. BC388726), April 10, 2008
413(1)
People v. South Side Kings (Tulare County Case 08-226862), April 28, 2008
413(2)
People v. Northside Visalia/Mexican Gangster Boys/Encina Street Riders/Northside Birdland (Tulare County 0-226863), May 6, 2008
415(1)
People v. Oriental Troop/Mongolian Boys Society/Lao Pride Gangsters (Tulare County 08-226863), May 12, 2008
415(1)
People v. Southside Rialto (San Bernardino CIVSS808850), July 1, 2008
415(1)
People v. Colton City Crips (San Bernardino CIVSS811223), August 18, 2008
416(1)
People v. All for Crime, Barrio Mojados, Blood Stone Villans, Florencia 13, Oriental Boyz, and Pueblo Bishops (LA Case BC397522), September 5, 2008
416(1)
People v. Orange County Criminals (Orange Co. Case 30-2008-00107172), June 4, 2008
417(1)
People v. Barrio Dream Home Gang (Riverside INC077903), June 10, 2008
418(1)
People v. East Side Pain (ESP), aka Ghost Town Bloods (LA Case BC 399741), October 10, 2008
418(2)
People v. Temple Street (LA Case BC401190), November 3, 2008
420(1)
People v. Toonerville Gang (LA Case BC401928), November 14, 2008
420(1)
People v. Florencia 13 (Case BC403340), December 8, 2008
420(4)
Year 2009
424(9)
People v. 5th and Hill Gang (LA Case BC380877), January 6, 2009
424(1)
True Crime Boys (Riverside Case INC085113), March 30, 2009
425(1)
West Drive Locos (Riverside Case INC085116), March 30, 2009
425(1)
Varrio East Side Reedley (VESR) (Fresno DA Case 09GI06), March 20, 2009
426(1)
People v. Barrio Van Nuys (LA Case BC413147), May 6, 2009
426(2)
Orange Varrio Cypress Gang (Orange Case 30-2009-00118739), May 14, 2009
428(1)
Fairfield Nortenos, Solano County District Attorney
428(1)
Swan Bloods, Florencia 13, Main Street Crips, and 7-Trey Hustlers Gangster Crips (Los Angeles Case BC415694), June 12, 2009
429(1)
People v. Deep South Side Nortenos (Case 642033 (South Modesto) Stanislaus County), July 1, 2010
429(1)
People v. Monrovia Nuevo Varrio and Duroc Crips (Case BC423490 Los Angeles County), October 9, 2009
429(2)
Inland Empire Black Rag Mafia: Not Sought
431(1)
Hard Times Gang (OC Case 30-2009-00325327 Garden Grove Gang Injunction), December 3, 2009
431(1)
Adelanto's Brown Pride Gang (CIVVS908103 San Bernardino County), December 17, 2009
432(1)
Chapter 14 Gang Injunctions 2010 and Beyond
433(8)
Year 2010
433(8)
People v. North Side Oakland Gang (Alameda Case), February 2010
433(1)
People v. Jeffrey Street Gang (Orange Co. Case 30-2010-00363220), April 15, 2010
434(1)
People v. Westside Gang (San Diego Case 37-2009-00061924), May 22, 2010
435(1)
People v. Diablos Gang (San Diego Case 37-2009-00061923), May 22, 2010
435(1)
People v. Center Street Gang (San Diego Case 37-2010-00051319), May 24, 2010
436(1)
April 22, 2010, Santa Barbara Considering Injunctions
437(1)
People v. Central City Skid Row Gangs (Grape St. and Others) (Los Angeles Case BC435316), April 7, 2010
438(1)
People v. Metro Transit Assassins Gang (Ls Angeles Case BC44003), June 21, 2010
438(1)
People v. Down Below Gangsters and Towerside Gang (San Francisco Case CG-C-10-502262), August 5, 2010
438(1)
People v. South Side Indio Gang (Riverside Case INC10010946), November 2010
439(2)
Chapter 15 Gang Injunctions Outside California
441(10)
Texas
441(6)
Austin, Texas
441(1)
San Antonio, Texas---Lincoln Court Gangsters and Lincoln Court Kings
442(1)
El Paso, Texas---Barrio Azteca
443(1)
Wichita Falls, Texas---Varrio Carnales
444(3)
Utah
447(1)
Minnesota
448(1)
Tennessee
449(2)
Chapter 16 How Many Gangs, Gang Members, and Gang Injunctions Are There?
451(28)
Synopsis of County Analysis
477(2)
Chapter 17 Gang Injunctions, Gang Abatement, and the Law
479(34)
Case Law: City of Chicago v. Morales, 119 S.Ct.
1849. (Chicago Antiloitering Ordinance)
479(1)
Case Law: People v. Gonzales, 910 P.2d 1366 (Cal. 1996)
480(1)
Case Law: People v. Acuna (Cal. App. 1995), April 24, 1995
481(1)
Case Law: People ex rel. Gallo v. Acuna (1997), 14 Cal. 4th 1090
481(2)
Issue of Procedural Due Process
483(2)
Issue of Vagueness
485(3)
Issue of Overbreadth
488(1)
Issue of Right to Free Association
489(3)
Issue of Free Speech
492(2)
Case Law: In Re Englebrecht, 67 Cal. App. 486, 1998
494(2)
Case Law: Iraheta v. Superior Court of LA, 70 Cal. App. 4th 1500, 1999
496(1)
Yolo Appeal Goes to Court
497(3)
Gang Abatement and Prevention Act of 2007
500(4)
Orange Varrio Cypress Case 30-2009-00118739, filed May 14, 2009
504(1)
Gang Abatement and Prevention Act of 2009
505(1)
Yolo County Decision (Case CV CV 04-002085), March 29, 2011
506(3)
Due Process Case: Manuel Vasquez, et al. v. Tony Rackaukas, et al. (SACV 09-1090-VBF), April 1, 2011
509(1)
The State Case Synopsis
509(2)
The Federal Case
511(2)
Chapter 18 Gang Abatement Program Elements
513(14)
Step 1 Select Addresses for Inspection
514(1)
Step 2 Conduct Inspections
515(1)
Step 3 Prepare Case Information
516(1)
Step 4 Case Processing
517(1)
Step 5 Reinspection, Case Closing, and Assessment
517(10)
Abatement Laws by State Examples
518(1)
Arkansas
518(1)
California
518(1)
Florida
519(1)
Georgia
520(1)
Illinois
520(1)
Indiana
520(1)
Iowa
521(1)
Kansas
521(1)
Louisiana
521(1)
Minnesota
522(1)
Mississippi
522(1)
Missouri
523(1)
North Carolina
523(1)
Ohio
523(1)
South Carolina
524(1)
Tennessee
524(1)
Texas
525(1)
Virginia
525(1)
Washington
525(1)
Wisconsin
526(1)
Chapter 19 Graffiti Abatement
527(30)
Vandalism Impact
527(3)
Taggers vs. Gangsters
530(5)
Police Response
535(1)
Suppression
536(1)
Gang Injunctions
536(1)
Prevention Techniques
537(1)
Intervention with Vandals
538(9)
Lockup Aerosol Spray Paint Containers and Marker Paints
538(2)
Glass Etching Cream/Product Display under Lock and Key
540(1)
Clean Up Graffiti Right Away---After it Has Been Documented
541(2)
Educating Parents and the Community
543(1)
Graffiti Reward Programs
544(1)
Legal Locations to Do Graffiti
545(1)
Graffiti Hotlines
545(1)
Vandalism and the Media/Antigraffiti Propaganda
546(1)
Vandalism Prosecution
547(1)
Aggregation of Damages: Graffiti Tracker Databases
548(1)
Damage or Cost Experts: Proof of Amount of Damages
549(1)
Establishing a Lack of Permission
550(1)
Restitution
551(1)
Suspension of License
552(1)
Antigraffiti Murals
552(1)
Removal of Graffiti by Inmates
553(1)
Property Damage and Parental Responsibility
553(1)
Damage of Property Used for Religious or Educational Purposes
554(1)
Community Service as Condition of Probation for Offense Involving Graffiti
555(1)
Defacing Private Residences, Offices, Businesses, or Commercial Property
555(2)
Chapter 20 Private Property Owners' Role and Liability, CPTED, and Crime-Free Multihousing
557(24)
Crime-Free Multihousing Program
557(3)
Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)
560(5)
Improve Surveillance
563(1)
Improve Access Controls
564(1)
Increase Defensible Space
565(1)
Crime-Free Leases (Sample): It's Worth the Effort
565(4)
Verify the Information Given
567(1)
Communication is the Key
568(1)
Three-Phase Program
569(3)
Phase 1
570(1)
Phase 2
571(1)
Phase 3
571(1)
Full Certification
572(1)
The Crime-Free Hotel/Motel Program
572(6)
Training Coordinators
574(1)
Neighborhood Watch
574(1)
Controlling Gangs
575(3)
Eviction Process
578(3)
Three-Day Notices
578(1)
Failure to Pay Rent: Notice to Pay or Quit
578(1)
Violations of Rental Agreement/Property Damage to Premises: Notice to Perform Covenant or Quit or Notice to Quit
578(1)
Thirty-Day Notices
579(1)
The Unlawful Detainer Procedure
579(1)
Eviction Service and Procedures
580(1)
Bibliography 581(22)
Index 603
Matthew ODeane has been a California police officer since 1992. Over half of that time, he has been tasked with targeting gangs. He worked for the National City Police department for ten years before moving to the San Diego County District Attorneys Office as an Investigator in the Bureau of Investigation where he investigates gangs on a daily basis. He earned a Ph.D. in public policy, masters degree in public administration, and bachelors degree in criminal justice. Dr. ODeane is a professor for the University of Phoenix, Kaplan, and National Universities. He is a featured presenter at national and international law enforcement and academic conferences and he is a contributing author to several law enforcement magazines and journals.