List of figures |
|
xiii | |
List of tables |
|
xv | |
Preface |
|
xvii | |
About the author |
|
xix | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xxi | |
Acronyms |
|
xxiii | |
Introduction |
|
xxv | |
Part 1: The Global Retail Industry |
|
|
1 New trends in the world retail industry |
|
|
3 | |
|
The globalization of world retailing |
|
|
3 | |
|
|
4 | |
|
Where to go in the global market? |
|
|
6 | |
|
Obstacles and difficulties in retailers' internationalization |
|
|
8 | |
|
|
10 | |
|
The concentration in world retailing |
|
|
11 | |
|
Other global retail trends |
|
|
13 | |
|
|
16 | |
|
2 The characteristics of successful retailer model |
|
|
19 | |
|
|
19 | |
|
Retailer's growth strategy |
|
|
21 | |
|
Case study: The success of Wal-Mart |
|
|
22 | |
|
The wise strategy: From the rural area to the urban market |
|
|
23 | |
|
WalMart's success: A simple model without simple story |
|
|
25 | |
|
|
33 | |
|
|
34 | |
|
3 Case study: The internationalization of WalMart |
|
|
37 | |
|
What is a retailer's internationalization? |
|
|
37 | |
|
The process of WalMart's internationalization |
|
|
38 | |
|
North American market: Mexico and Canada |
|
|
39 | |
|
South American market: Brazil, Argentina and Puerto Rico |
|
|
43 | |
|
The Western European market: Germany and the UK |
|
|
45 | |
|
Asian market: Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea and China |
|
|
49 | |
|
Discussing WalMart's internationalization |
|
|
49 | |
|
WalMart's international performance and problems |
|
|
58 | |
|
The future of WalMart's internationalization |
|
|
59 | |
|
|
62 | |
Part II: The Revolution of Chinese Retailing |
|
|
4 The history of Chinese retailing |
|
|
67 | |
|
Chinese retailing in the planned economy period (1949-1979) |
|
|
68 | |
|
Chinese retailing in the planned commodity economy period (1980-1991) |
|
|
70 | |
|
Chinese retailing in the pre-WTO period (1992-2001) |
|
|
74 | |
|
Chinese retailing in the WTO period (2002) |
|
|
76 | |
|
|
77 | |
|
5 The opening-up of Chinese retailing |
|
|
79 | |
|
The opening-up of Chinese retailing |
|
|
79 | |
|
The phenomenon of local approved JVs |
|
|
84 | |
|
Foreign chain operation in Chinese retailing |
|
|
85 | |
|
|
86 | |
|
6 The real face of Chinese retailing |
|
|
89 | |
|
How large is the Chinese retail market? |
|
|
89 | |
|
What is the potential of the Chinese retail market? |
|
|
92 | |
|
The structure of Chinese retailing during economic reform |
|
|
95 | |
|
The dual structure of Chinese retailing |
|
|
95 | |
|
|
96 | |
|
The structure of Chinese retail formats |
|
|
97 | |
|
The ownership structure of Chinese retailing |
|
|
104 | |
|
Other characteristics of Chinese retailing |
|
|
105 | |
|
|
105 | |
|
|
106 | |
|
7 Chinese consumer revolutions |
|
|
107 | |
|
Chinese consumer behavior in the transitional economy |
|
|
107 | |
|
Chinese consumption level is still low |
|
|
107 | |
|
One-stop shopping is emerging in China |
|
|
108 | |
|
Chinese consumer behavior tends to diversify |
|
|
109 | |
|
|
112 | |
Part III: Competing Chinese retailing |
|
|
8 Entering the world's largest emerging market |
|
|
115 | |
|
|
115 | |
|
The entry mode strategies of MNRs |
|
|
117 | |
|
Analysis of the difficulties for MNRs operating in China |
|
|
119 | |
|
Practical analysis of the main difficulties MNRs meet in the Chinese market |
|
|
121 | |
|
The impacts of MNR entry on Chinese retailing |
|
|
124 | |
|
|
126 | |
|
9 The success and failure of global retailers in China |
|
|
127 | |
|
Can MNRs succeed in China? |
|
|
127 | |
|
Localization is a basic rule for surviving the competition |
|
|
127 | |
|
Choosing the right retail format is the key to retail success |
|
|
130 | |
|
Developing CAs is important for survival |
|
|
131 | |
|
Developing the right strategy is necessary for retail success |
|
|
132 | |
|
Building effective distribution channels to support retail success |
|
|
132 | |
|
Developing flexible strategy is important |
|
|
133 | |
|
Competing in China: The case of Carrefour |
|
|
133 | |
|
Case study: WalMart in China |
|
|
148 | |
|
WalMart's strategy in China |
|
|
149 | |
|
WalMart's entry mode strategy and expansion model |
|
|
150 | |
|
WalMart's development strategy |
|
|
151 | |
|
WalMart's growth strategy |
|
|
156 | |
|
|
158 | |
|
Discussing WalMart's performance in China |
|
|
162 | |
|
|
163 | |
|
10 Chinese retailers' behavior |
|
|
165 | |
|
A profit pattern for Chinese retailers |
|
|
165 | |
|
The "channel fee" oriented model |
|
|
165 | |
|
What is the "channel fee"? |
|
|
165 | |
|
How much is the channel fee? |
|
|
166 | |
|
How is the "channel fee" generated"? |
|
|
170 | |
|
The negative influences of "channel fee" |
|
|
171 | |
|
The unfair retail trade to suppliers |
|
|
174 | |
|
Case study: A failed but popular retail model in China |
|
|
175 | |
|
Chinese retailers' growth model |
|
|
176 | |
|
Case study: Lianhua Supermarket Corporation Limited |
|
|
178 | |
|
Lianhua's corporate strategy |
|
|
181 | |
|
|
190 | |
|
|
192 | |
|
Case study: Shenzhen Vanguard Supermarket Department Corporation Limited |
|
|
194 | |
|
Vanguard's strategy and its general merchandise store (GMS) |
|
|
195 | |
|
Acquisition and the great changes in corporate strategy |
|
|
198 | |
|
The Case of Suguo Supermarket Co., Ltd: developing the Chinese rural markets |
|
|
203 | |
|
|
207 | |
|
11 Competition between foreign and Chinese retailers in China |
|
|
209 | |
|
|
209 | |
|
Chinese retailers' advantages and disadvantages |
|
|
209 | |
|
MNRs' advantages and disadvantages |
|
|
211 | |
|
The evaluation of Chinese retailing before accession to the WTO |
|
|
213 | |
|
|
217 | |
Part IV: The WTO and Chinese retailing |
|
|
12 WTO: a great opportunity to fail or succeed? |
|
|
221 | |
|
The impact of China's accession to the WTO on Chinese retailing |
|
|
221 | |
|
The five-force model analysis on Chinese retailing |
|
|
226 | |
|
The impact of China's accession on different retail formats |
|
|
227 | |
|
The impact of the accession on different regions |
|
|
230 | |
|
The different impacts of the accession on Chinese retailers and MNRs |
|
|
231 | |
|
Chinese retail policies to meet the challenge of accession to the WTO |
|
|
233 | |
|
Building large Chinese retailer teams by merger and acquisition |
|
|
233 | |
|
Making new regulations and laws |
|
|
235 | |
|
The fast change in Chinese retailing |
|
|
236 | |
|
|
239 | |
|
|
241 | |
|
The importance of Chinese retailing in the Chinese economy |
|
|
242 | |
|
The role of Chinese government in the retail change |
|
|
245 | |
|
Transforming Chinese retail companies |
|
|
248 | |
|
Strategies for Chinese retailers to compete with MNRs during the WTO membership times |
|
|
255 | |
|
Principles for Chinese retailers in their competition |
|
|
264 | |
Appendix A: Some conditions for retail JVs |
|
267 | |
Appendix B: Top 10 Chinese chain store operators in 2005 |
|
269 | |
Bibliography |
|
271 | |
Index |
|
275 | |