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El. knyga: Globalization and the Chinese Retailing Revolution: Competing in the World's Largest Emerging Market

(Beijing Normal University, China)
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Chandos Asian Studies Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 28-Feb-2007
  • Leidėjas: Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781780632292
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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Chandos Asian Studies Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 28-Feb-2007
  • Leidėjas: Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781780632292
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Chinese retailing serves 1.3 billion consumers and is developing with high economic growth rates. This detailed reference examines the following issues: the revolution happening in the Chinese retailing; the evolution of the opening-up policy of Chinese retailing; the great opportunities brought about by the dramatic change in the Chinese retail industry (particularly by China's entry to the World Trade Organization WTO); how to succeed in the Chinese retail market; successful models and strategies for both Chinese retailers and multinational retailers in China. The book also discusses the deep impact of China's entry to the WTO on the Chinese retail industry and the strategic importance of the industry in China's transitional economy.
List of figures xiii
List of tables xv
Preface xvii
About the author xix
Acknowledgments xxi
Acronyms xxiii
Introduction xxv
Part 1: The Global Retail Industry
1 New trends in the world retail industry
3
The globalization of world retailing
3
Why go global?
4
Where to go in the global market?
6
Obstacles and difficulties in retailers' internationalization
8
Why does culture matter?
10
The concentration in world retailing
11
Other global retail trends
13
Summary
16
2 The characteristics of successful retailer model
19
Retail strategy
19
Retailer's growth strategy
21
Case study: The success of Wal-Mart
22
The wise strategy: From the rural area to the urban market
23
WalMart's success: A simple model without simple story
25
The lessons from Kmart
33
Summary
34
3 Case study: The internationalization of WalMart
37
What is a retailer's internationalization?
37
The process of WalMart's internationalization
38
North American market: Mexico and Canada
39
South American market: Brazil, Argentina and Puerto Rico
43
The Western European market: Germany and the UK
45
Asian market: Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea and China
49
Discussing WalMart's internationalization
49
WalMart's international performance and problems
58
The future of WalMart's internationalization
59
Summary
62
Part II: The Revolution of Chinese Retailing
4 The history of Chinese retailing
67
Chinese retailing in the planned economy period (1949-1979)
68
Chinese retailing in the planned commodity economy period (1980-1991)
70
Chinese retailing in the pre-WTO period (1992-2001)
74
Chinese retailing in the WTO period (2002–)
76
Summary
77
5 The opening-up of Chinese retailing
79
The opening-up of Chinese retailing
79
The phenomenon of local approved JVs
84
Foreign chain operation in Chinese retailing
85
Summary
86
6 The real face of Chinese retailing
89
How large is the Chinese retail market?
89
What is the potential of the Chinese retail market?
92
The structure of Chinese retailing during economic reform
95
The dual structure of Chinese retailing
95
The fragmented structure
96
The structure of Chinese retail formats
97
The ownership structure of Chinese retailing
104
Other characteristics of Chinese retailing
105
E-tailing in China
105
Summary
106
7 Chinese consumer revolutions
107
Chinese consumer behavior in the transitional economy
107
Chinese consumption level is still low
107
One-stop shopping is emerging in China
108
Chinese consumer behavior tends to diversify
109
Summary
112
Part III: Competing Chinese retailing
8 Entering the world's largest emerging market
115
MNRs in China
115
The entry mode strategies of MNRs
117
Analysis of the difficulties for MNRs operating in China
119
Practical analysis of the main difficulties MNRs meet in the Chinese market
121
The impacts of MNR entry on Chinese retailing
124
Summary
126
9 The success and failure of global retailers in China
127
Can MNRs succeed in China?
127
Localization is a basic rule for surviving the competition
127
Choosing the right retail format is the key to retail success
130
Developing CAs is important for survival
131
Developing the right strategy is necessary for retail success
132
Building effective distribution channels to support retail success
132
Developing flexible strategy is important
133
Competing in China: The case of Carrefour
133
Case study: WalMart in China
148
WalMart's strategy in China
149
WalMart's entry mode strategy and expansion model
150
WalMart's development strategy
151
WalMart's growth strategy
156
WalMart's problems
158
Discussing WalMart's performance in China
162
Summary
163
10 Chinese retailers' behavior
165
A profit pattern for Chinese retailers
165
The "channel fee" oriented model
165
What is the "channel fee"?
165
How much is the channel fee?
166
How is the "channel fee" generated"?
170
The negative influences of "channel fee"
171
The unfair retail trade to suppliers
174
Case study: A failed but popular retail model in China
175
Chinese retailers' growth model
176
Case study: Lianhua Supermarket Corporation Limited
178
Lianhua's corporate strategy
181
Lianhua's problems
190
Lianhua's future
192
Case study: Shenzhen Vanguard Supermarket Department Corporation Limited
194
Vanguard's strategy and its general merchandise store (GMS)
195
Acquisition and the great changes in corporate strategy
198
The Case of Suguo Supermarket Co., Ltd: developing the Chinese rural markets
203
Summary
207
11 Competition between foreign and Chinese retailers in China
209
Competing with MNRs
209
Chinese retailers' advantages and disadvantages
209
MNRs' advantages and disadvantages
211
The evaluation of Chinese retailing before accession to the WTO
213
Summary
217
Part IV: The WTO and Chinese retailing
12 WTO: a great opportunity to fail or succeed?
221
The impact of China's accession to the WTO on Chinese retailing
221
The five-force model analysis on Chinese retailing
226
The impact of China's accession on different retail formats
227
The impact of the accession on different regions
230
The different impacts of the accession on Chinese retailers and MNRs
231
Chinese retail policies to meet the challenge of accession to the WTO
233
Building large Chinese retailer teams by merger and acquisition
233
Making new regulations and laws
235
The fast change in Chinese retailing
236
Summary
239
13 Conclusions
241
The importance of Chinese retailing in the Chinese economy
242
The role of Chinese government in the retail change
245
Transforming Chinese retail companies
248
Strategies for Chinese retailers to compete with MNRs during the WTO membership times
255
Principles for Chinese retailers in their competition
264
Appendix A: Some conditions for retail JVs 267
Appendix B: Top 10 Chinese chain store operators in 2005 269
Bibliography 271
Index 275


Dr Yong Zhen is an Assistant Professor of Business and Management at Beijing Normal University, Hong Kong Baptist University United International College. He has over 10 years of work and research experiences in Chinese retailing. He studied in the USA and the UK; and obtained Ph. D degree from University of Cambridge.