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2 | (3) |
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How can gross anatomy be studied? |
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2 | (1) |
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Important anatomical terms |
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2 | (3) |
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5 | (5) |
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Diagnostic imaging techniques |
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5 | (3) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Magnetic resonance imaging |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (11) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (4) |
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18 | (6) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (2) |
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30 | (1) |
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Lymphatic trunks and ducts |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (16) |
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31 | (1) |
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Functional subdivisions of the CNS |
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32 | (15) |
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47 | (6) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Protection of the nervous system |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (5) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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Relationship to Other Regions |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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Thorax, abdomen, and pelvis |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (2) |
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Long vertebral column and short spinal cord |
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62 | (1) |
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Intervertebral foramina and spinal nerves |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (16) |
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64 | (8) |
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72 | (1) |
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Posterior spaces between vertebral arches |
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73 | (7) |
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80 | (3) |
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Joints between vertebrae in the back |
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80 | (3) |
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83 | (5) |
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Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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Supraspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (4) |
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88 | (15) |
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Superficial group of back muscles |
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88 | (6) |
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Intermediate group of back muscles |
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94 | (2) |
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Deep group of back muscles |
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96 | (5) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (13) |
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104 | (4) |
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108 | (1) |
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Arrangement of structures in the vertebral canal |
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109 | (2) |
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111 | (5) |
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116 | (9) |
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116 | (1) |
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Absence of lateral curvatures |
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116 | (1) |
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Primary and secondary curvatures in the sagittal plane |
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117 | (1) |
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Useful nonvertebral skeletal landmarks |
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118 | (1) |
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How to identify specific vertebral spinous processes |
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119 | (1) |
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Visualizing the inferior ends of the spinal cord and subarachnoid space |
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120 | (1) |
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Identifying major muscles |
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121 | (4) |
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122 | |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Protection of vital organs |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (6) |
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126 | (2) |
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Superior thoracic aperture |
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128 | (1) |
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Inferior thoracic aperture |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (2) |
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Relationship to Other Regions |
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132 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (6) |
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134 | (1) |
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Venous shunts from left to right |
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134 | (2) |
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Segmental neurovascular supply of thoracic wall |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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Flexible wall and inferior thoracic aperture |
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138 | (1) |
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Innervation of the diaphragm |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (4) |
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140 | (3) |
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Muscles of the pectoral region |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (19) |
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144 | (7) |
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151 | (12) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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Movements of the Thoracic Wall and Diaphragm During Breathing |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (19) |
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166 | (4) |
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170 | (15) |
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185 | (60) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (31) |
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217 | (12) |
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229 | (9) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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|
238 | (1) |
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Surface anatomy of the breast in women |
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239 | (1) |
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Visualizing structures at the TIV/V vertebral level |
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239 | (1) |
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Visualizing structures in the superior mediastinum |
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|
240 | (1) |
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Visualizing the margins of the heart |
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|
241 | (1) |
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Where to listen for heart sounds |
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242 | (1) |
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Visualizing the pleural cavities and lungs, pleural recesses, and lung lobes and fissures |
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|
242 | (2) |
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Where to listen for lung sounds |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (4) |
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249 | (1) |
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|
249 | (1) |
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|
250 | (3) |
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Houses and protects major viscera |
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250 | (2) |
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|
252 | (1) |
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Changes in intraabdominal pressure |
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252 | (1) |
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|
253 | (4) |
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|
253 | (1) |
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|
254 | (2) |
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Inferior thoracic aperture |
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256 | (1) |
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|
256 | (1) |
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|
257 | (1) |
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Relationship to Other Regions |
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|
257 | (2) |
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|
257 | (1) |
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|
257 | (1) |
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|
258 | (1) |
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|
259 | (15) |
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Arrangement of abdominal viscera in the adult |
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|
259 | (3) |
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Skin and muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall and thoracic intercostal nerves |
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262 | (1) |
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The groin is a weak area in the anterior abdominal wall |
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|
263 | (2) |
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|
265 | (1) |
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The gastrointestinal system and its derivatives are supplied by three major arteries |
|
|
265 | (2) |
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Venous shunts from left to right |
|
|
267 | (1) |
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All venous drainage from the gastrointestinal system passes through the liver |
|
|
268 | (2) |
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Abdominal viscera are supplied by a large prevertebral plexus |
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|
270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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|
271 | (1) |
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|
271 | (1) |
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|
272 | (2) |
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274 | (1) |
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|
274 | (12) |
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|
276 | (6) |
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282 | (1) |
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|
282 | (1) |
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|
283 | (2) |
|
Arterial supply and venous drainage |
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|
285 | (1) |
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|
286 | (1) |
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|
286 | (12) |
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|
288 | (6) |
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|
294 | (4) |
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|
298 | (104) |
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|
298 | (1) |
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|
299 | (7) |
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|
306 | (36) |
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|
342 | (11) |
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|
353 | (4) |
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|
357 | (1) |
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|
357 | (8) |
|
Posterior Abdominal Region |
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|
365 | (1) |
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|
366 | (7) |
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|
373 | (13) |
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|
386 | (6) |
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|
392 | (2) |
|
Nervous system in the posterior abdominal region |
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|
394 | (8) |
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|
402 | (11) |
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|
402 | (1) |
|
Defining the surface projection of the abdomen |
|
|
402 | (1) |
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How to find the superficial inguinal ring |
|
|
403 | (1) |
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How to determine lumbar vertebral levels |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
Visualizing structures at the LI vertebral level |
|
|
405 | (1) |
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Visualizing the position of major blood vessels |
|
|
406 | (1) |
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Using abdominal quadrants to locate major viscera |
|
|
407 | (1) |
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Defining surface regions to which pain from the gut is referred |
|
|
408 | (1) |
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Where to find the kidneys |
|
|
409 | (1) |
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|
409 | (4) |
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|
409 | |
|
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|
413 | (1) |
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|
413 | (1) |
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|
413 | (3) |
|
Contains and supports the bladder, rectum, anal canal, and reproductive tracts |
|
|
413 | (2) |
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Anchors the roots of the external genitalia |
|
|
415 | (1) |
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|
416 | (6) |
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|
416 | (1) |
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|
416 | (2) |
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|
418 | (1) |
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|
419 | (1) |
|
|
419 | (1) |
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|
420 | (2) |
|
Relationship to Other Regions |
|
|
422 | (2) |
|
|
422 | (1) |
|
|
423 | (1) |
|
|
424 | (7) |
|
The pelvic cavity projects posteriorly |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
Important structures cross the ureters in the pelvic cavity |
|
|
425 | (1) |
|
The prostate in men and the uterus in women are anterior to the rectum |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
The perineum is innervated by sacral spinal cord segments |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
Nerves are related to bone |
|
|
427 | (1) |
|
Parasympathetic innervation from spinal cord levels S2 to S4 controls erection |
|
|
428 | (1) |
|
Muscles and fascia of the pelvic floor and perineum intersect at the perineal body |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
The course of the urethra is different in men and women |
|
|
429 | (2) |
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
|
431 | (64) |
|
|
431 | (5) |
|
|
436 | (2) |
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
Differences between men and women |
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
|
439 | (11) |
|
|
450 | (24) |
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
|
474 | (5) |
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|
479 | (9) |
|
|
488 | (6) |
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
|
495 | (20) |
|
|
495 | (2) |
|
Ischio-anal fossae and their anterior recesses |
|
|
497 | (1) |
|
|
497 | (2) |
|
|
499 | (9) |
|
|
508 | (2) |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
|
511 | (3) |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
|
515 | (6) |
|
Surface anatomy of the pelvis and perineum |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
Orientation of the pelvis and perineum in the anatomical position |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
How to define the margins of the perineum |
|
|
515 | (2) |
|
Identification of structures in the anal triangle |
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
Identification of structures in the urogenital triangle of women |
|
|
518 | (1) |
|
Identification of structures in the urogenital triangle of men |
|
|
519 | (2) |
|
|
521 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
525 | (2) |
|
|
527 | (2) |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
527 | (2) |
|
|
529 | (6) |
|
|
529 | (4) |
|
|
533 | (2) |
|
Relationship to Other Regions |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (6) |
|
Innervation is by lumbar and sacral spinal nerves |
|
|
535 | (5) |
|
|
540 | (1) |
|
|
540 | (1) |
|
|
541 | (23) |
|
|
541 | (3) |
|
|
544 | (4) |
|
|
548 | (4) |
|
Gateways to the lower limb |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
553 | (3) |
|
|
556 | (2) |
|
|
558 | (2) |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
Deep fascia and the saphenous opening |
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
|
562 | (2) |
|
|
564 | (9) |
|
|
564 | (5) |
|
|
569 | (3) |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (37) |
|
|
574 | (5) |
|
|
579 | (11) |
|
|
590 | (3) |
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
|
594 | (2) |
|
|
596 | (11) |
|
|
607 | (1) |
|
|
607 | (3) |
|
|
610 | (47) |
|
|
610 | (2) |
|
|
612 | (1) |
|
Posterior compartment of leg |
|
|
613 | (7) |
|
Lateral compartment of leg |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
Anterior compartment of leg |
|
|
622 | (3) |
|
|
625 | (2) |
|
|
627 | (4) |
|
|
631 | (9) |
|
Tarsal tunnel, retinacula, and arrangement of major structures at the ankle |
|
|
640 | (2) |
|
|
642 | (1) |
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
|
644 | (1) |
|
|
644 | (7) |
|
|
651 | (2) |
|
|
653 | (1) |
|
|
653 | (4) |
|
|
657 | (12) |
|
Lower limb surface anatomy |
|
|
657 | (1) |
|
Avoiding the sciatic nerve |
|
|
657 | (1) |
|
Finding the femoral artery in the femoral triangle |
|
|
658 | (1) |
|
Identifying structures around the knee |
|
|
658 | (2) |
|
Visualizing the contents of the popliteal fossa |
|
|
660 | (1) |
|
Finding the tarsal tunnel---the gateway to the foot |
|
|
661 | (1) |
|
Identifying tendons around the ankle and in the foot |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
Finding the dorsalis pedis artery |
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
Approximating the position of the plantar arterial arch |
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
|
665 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
669 | (1) |
|
|
669 | (1) |
|
|
670 | (4) |
|
|
670 | (3) |
|
The hand as a mechanical tool |
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
The hand as a sensory tool |
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
|
674 | (3) |
|
|
674 | (2) |
|
|
676 | (1) |
|
Relationship to Other Regions |
|
|
677 | (2) |
|
|
677 | (1) |
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
|
679 | (7) |
|
Innervation by cervical and upper thoracic nerves |
|
|
679 | (4) |
|
|
683 | (1) |
|
|
684 | (1) |
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
|
686 | (21) |
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
|
686 | (3) |
|
|
689 | (9) |
|
|
698 | (3) |
|
Posterior Scapular Region |
|
|
701 | (1) |
|
|
702 | (1) |
|
Gateways to the posterior scapular region |
|
|
702 | (2) |
|
|
704 | (1) |
|
|
704 | (2) |
|
|
706 | (29) |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
|
708 | (3) |
|
|
711 | (1) |
|
|
712 | (1) |
|
|
713 | (2) |
|
Gateways in the posterior wall |
|
|
715 | (1) |
|
|
716 | (1) |
|
|
716 | (19) |
|
|
735 | (14) |
|
|
736 | (3) |
|
|
739 | (2) |
|
|
741 | (4) |
|
|
745 | (4) |
|
|
749 | (5) |
|
|
754 | (3) |
|
|
757 | (5) |
|
|
759 | (1) |
|
|
760 | (2) |
|
Anterior Compartment of the Forearm |
|
|
762 | (9) |
|
|
762 | (6) |
|
|
768 | (2) |
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
Posterior Compartment of the Forearm |
|
|
771 | (7) |
|
|
771 | (6) |
|
|
777 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (28) |
|
|
779 | (2) |
|
|
781 | (3) |
|
Carpal tunnel and structures at the wrist |
|
|
784 | (3) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
788 | (1) |
|
|
789 | (2) |
|
|
791 | (6) |
|
|
797 | (4) |
|
|
801 | (5) |
|
|
806 | (13) |
|
Upper limb surface anatomy |
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Bony landmarks and muscles of the posterior scapular region |
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Visualizing the axilla and locating contents and related structures |
|
|
807 | (1) |
|
Locating the brachial artery in the arm |
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
The triceps brachii tendon and position of the radial nerve |
|
|
809 | (1) |
|
Cubital fossa (anterior view) |
|
|
809 | (2) |
|
Identifying tendons and locating major vessels and nerves in the distal forearm |
|
|
811 | (1) |
|
Normal appearance of the hand |
|
|
812 | (1) |
|
Position of the flexor retinaculum and the recurrent branch of the median nerve |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
Motor function of the median and ulnar nerves in the hand |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
Visualizing the positions of the superficial and deep palmar arches |
|
|
814 | (1) |
|
|
814 | (1) |
|
|
815 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
819 | (1) |
|
|
819 | (4) |
|
|
819 | (2) |
|
|
821 | (2) |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
Contains upper parts of respiratory and digestive tracts |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
Connects the upper and lower respiratory and digestive tracts |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
824 | (5) |
|
|
824 | (2) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
Relationship to Other Regions |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (7) |
|
Vertebral levels CIII/IV and CV/VI |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
831 | (1) |
|
|
832 | (1) |
|
|
833 | (1) |
|
Functional separation of the digestive and respiratory passages |
|
|
833 | (3) |
|
|
836 | (1) |
|
|
837 | (9) |
|
|
837 | (1) |
|
|
837 | (2) |
|
|
839 | (2) |
|
|
841 | (1) |
|
|
842 | (1) |
|
|
842 | (4) |
|
|
846 | (9) |
|
|
846 | (1) |
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847 | (8) |
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855 | (6) |
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855 | (3) |
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858 | (1) |
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859 | (1) |
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Arrangement of meninges and spaces |
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859 | (2) |
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Brain and Its Blood Supply |
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861 | (18) |
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861 | (1) |
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862 | (7) |
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869 | (10) |
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879 | (10) |
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881 | (1) |
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881 | (1) |
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882 | (1) |
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882 | (1) |
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883 | (1) |
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883 | (1) |
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883 | (1) |
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Vestibulocochlear nerve [ VIII] |
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884 | (1) |
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Glossopharyngeal nerve [ IX] |
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884 | (4) |
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888 | (1) |
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888 | (1) |
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888 | (1) |
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889 | (18) |
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889 | (7) |
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896 | (3) |
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899 | (2) |
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901 | (6) |
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907 | (5) |
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907 | (2) |
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909 | (1) |
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910 | (1) |
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911 | (1) |
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912 | (26) |
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912 | (5) |
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917 | (2) |
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919 | (1) |
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920 | (1) |
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921 | (6) |
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927 | (1) |
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928 | (4) |
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932 | (6) |
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938 | (19) |
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939 | (4) |
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943 | (7) |
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950 | (7) |
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Temporal and Infratemporal Fossae |
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957 | (20) |
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958 | (2) |
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960 | (2) |
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962 | (1) |
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963 | (3) |
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966 | (11) |
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977 | (8) |
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978 | (1) |
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979 | (1) |
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979 | (6) |
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985 | (40) |
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985 | (3) |
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Superficial venous drainage |
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988 | (3) |
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Anterior triangle of the neck |
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991 | (17) |
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Posterior triangle of the neck |
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1008 | (7) |
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1015 | (10) |
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1025 | (12) |
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1026 | (1) |
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1027 | (3) |
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1030 | (1) |
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Gaps in the pharyngeal wall and structures passing through them |
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1031 | (1) |
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1031 | (2) |
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1033 | (1) |
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1033 | (1) |
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1033 | (1) |
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1034 | (2) |
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1036 | (1) |
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1037 | (17) |
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1038 | (3) |
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1041 | (1) |
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1042 | (1) |
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1043 | (1) |
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1044 | (2) |
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1046 | (3) |
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1049 | (2) |
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1051 | (2) |
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1053 | (1) |
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1054 | (18) |
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1055 | (1) |
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1056 | (1) |
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Innervation and blood supply |
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1057 | (1) |
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1057 | (2) |
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1059 | (1) |
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1059 | (2) |
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1061 | (4) |
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1065 | (1) |
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1066 | (1) |
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1067 | (1) |
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1067 | (3) |
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1070 | (2) |
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|
1072 | (34) |
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Multiple nerves innervate the oral cavity |
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1073 | (1) |
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1073 | (3) |
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1076 | (1) |
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1077 | (3) |
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1080 | (7) |
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1087 | (4) |
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1091 | (8) |
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1099 | (1) |
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1100 | (1) |
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1100 | (6) |
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1106 | (10) |
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Head and neck surface anatomy |
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|
1106 | (1) |
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Anatomical position of the head and major landmarks |
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|
1106 | (1) |
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Visualizing structures at the CIII/CIV and CVI vertebral levels |
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|
1107 | (1) |
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How to outline the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck |
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1108 | (1) |
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How to locate the median cricothyroid ligament |
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1109 | (1) |
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How to find the thyroid gland |
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1110 | (1) |
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Estimating the position of the middle meningeal artery |
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|
1110 | (1) |
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Major features of the face |
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1111 | (1) |
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The eye and lacrimal apparatus |
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1112 | (1) |
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1113 | (1) |
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1114 | (2) |
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1116 | |
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Part I Nervous System Overview |
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Nervous system functional organization |
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External medulla oblongata |
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Brainstem internal features |
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Internal medulla oblongata |
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Vascular supply to the brainstem |
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Ascending tracts in the spinal cord |
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Descending tracts in the spinal cord |
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Vascular supply to the spinal cord |
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Connections of the basal nuclei |
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Structures of the cerebellum |
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Afferent cerebellar pathways |
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Efferent cerebellar pathways |
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Part IX Auditory and vestibular system |
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Central auditory pathways |
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Central vestibular pathways |
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Borders of the hypothalamus |
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Connections to the pituitary |
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Functional divisions of the hypothalamus |
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Part XI Olfactory and limbic system |
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eS1 Cardiovascular System |
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eS3 Gastrointestinal System |
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