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El. knyga: Guide to Bioethics

(Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA)
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Solving intractable biotechnological questions of evolution, medicine, and genetics is now easier due to methods permitting the rapid analysis of molecular sequence data. These advances have exposed ethical and policy concerns. How would genomic information be used and by whom? Should individuals be able to make decisions regarding their own genomic data? How accurate are these genetic tests and how should they be regulated? These and other ethical conundrums are the subject of this book. Bioethicists, biomedical policy experts and lawyers, physicians, nursing and allied health students as well as science educators will find this book helpful and engaging in exploring the complexities of modern evolutionary, genetic and biomedical data.
Series Preface vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xiii
Author xv
SECTION I Bioethics of Biotechnology
1 A Bioethics of Biotechnology
3(26)
Introductory comment
3(3)
The biotechnology of history
6(9)
The nature of science and biotechnology
15(3)
What then is the bioethics of biotechnology?
18(6)
End notes
24(5)
SECTION II Bioethics and Genomics
2 Biotechnology and Bioethics
29(34)
Introductory comment
29(1)
Autonomy
30(4)
Confidentiality and privacy
34(9)
Informed consent
43(7)
Genetic stigmatization and essentialism
50(7)
End notes
57(6)
3 Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing
63(28)
An introductory comment
63(3)
DTC genetic tests: Dialectic analysis-implications for personalized medicine
66(17)
Preliminary conclusion
83(1)
End notes
84(7)
SECTION III Regulatory Policy, Law and Biotechnology
4 The Global Regulatory Pathways of Biologies
91(30)
An introductory comment
91(1)
The emergence and development of biologies regulatory pathways in the United States
92(1)
The emergence of biologies regulatory pathways
93(2)
Features of biologies and biotechnology research
95(3)
The prospects of biosimilars
98(9)
The biotechnology landscape in Canada
107(4)
Patent, data, and market exclusivities of biologies
111(1)
Bioethics and some regulatory hurdles
111(7)
Endnotes
118(3)
5 Biotechnology in the Court of Law
121(14)
Association for molecular pathology versus myriad genetics
121(9)
End notes
130(5)
SECTION IV Gene Modifications and Bioethics
6 Bioengineering and the Idea of Precision Medicine
135(18)
What is gene editing?
135(1)
Characteristics of gene editing tools
136(1)
Types of gene modification biotechnologies
137(1)
Classifications and applications of gene editing biotechnologies
138(2)
Some ethical quagmires of gene modifications
140(9)
End notes
149(4)
7 Policy, Bioethics, and Bioengineering
153(16)
Precautionary approach
154(4)
Moratoria approach
158(3)
Noninterventionist or proactionary approach
161(4)
End notes
165(4)
8 Some Perspectives and Conclusion
169(2)
End notes
170(1)
Index 171
Emmanuel A. Kornyo has studied science education, philosophy, sociology among others. Emmanuel has degrees in theology, biotechnology, and bioethics and is at the last stretch of his studies towards the PhD in Science Education at Teachers College, Columbia University.