Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

El. knyga: Handbook of Electronic Waste Management: International Best Practices and Case Studies

Edited by (Leuven International and European Studies (LINES), KU Leuven, Belgium), Edited by (Emeritus Professor and Forme), Edited by (Leader of the Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Science at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka)
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Butterworth-Heinemann Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128170311
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Handbook of Electronic Waste Management: International Best Practices and Case StudiesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Butterworth-Heinemann Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128170311
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

DRM apribojimai

  • Kopijuoti:

    neleidžiama

  • Spausdinti:

    neleidžiama

  • El. knygos naudojimas:

    Skaitmeninių teisių valdymas (DRM)
    Leidykla pateikė šią knygą šifruota forma, o tai reiškia, kad norint ją atrakinti ir perskaityti reikia įdiegti nemokamą programinę įrangą. Norint skaityti šią el. knygą, turite susikurti Adobe ID . Daugiau informacijos  čia. El. knygą galima atsisiųsti į 6 įrenginius (vienas vartotojas su tuo pačiu Adobe ID).

    Reikalinga programinė įranga
    Norint skaityti šią el. knygą mobiliajame įrenginyje (telefone ar planšetiniame kompiuteryje), turite įdiegti šią nemokamą programėlę: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    Norint skaityti šią el. knygą asmeniniame arba „Mac“ kompiuteryje, Jums reikalinga  Adobe Digital Editions “ (tai nemokama programa, specialiai sukurta el. knygoms. Tai nėra tas pats, kas „Adobe Reader“, kurią tikriausiai jau turite savo kompiuteryje.)

    Negalite skaityti šios el. knygos naudodami „Amazon Kindle“.

Handbook of Electronic Waste Management: International Best Practices and Case Studies begin with a brief summary of the environmental challenges associated with the approaches used in international e-waste handling. The book's authors offer a detailed presentation of e-waste handling methods that also includes examples to further demonstrate how they work in the real world. This is followed by data that reveals the geographies of e-waste flows at global, national and subnational levels. Users will find this resource to be a detailed presentation of e-waste estimation methods that also addresses both the handling of e-waste and their hazardous effect on the surrounding environment.

  • Includes case studies to illustrate the implementation of innovative e-waste treatment technologies
  • Provides methods for designing and managing e-waste management networks in accordance with regulations, fulfilment obligations and process efficiency
  • Reference guide for adapting traditional waste management methods and handling practices to the handling and storage of electronic waste until disposal
  • Provides e-waste handling solutions for both urban and rural perspectives
List of contributors
xix
About the authors xxv
Preface xxix
Acknowledgments xxxv
1 An overview of treatment technologies of E-waste
1(18)
Peeranart Kiddee
Jatindra Kumar Pradhan
Sanchita Mandal
Jayanta Kumar Biswas
Binoy Sarkar
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Types of contaminants in E-waste
2(6)
1.3 Treatment strategies of E-waste
8(6)
1.3.1 Recycling
8(1)
1.3.2 Landfill disposal
9(1)
1.3.3 Biological treatment
10(3)
1.3.4 Advanced methods
13(1)
1.4 Conclusions
14(5)
References
14(5)
2 Urban mining of E-waste: treasure hunting for precious nanometals
19(36)
Sammani Ramanayaka
Santhirasekaram Keerthanan
Meththika Vithanage
2.1 Introduction
19(5)
2.1.1 Driving factors for E-waste
20(1)
2.1.2 Raw materials in electrical and electronic equipment and their waste
21(2)
2.1.3 E-waste resource recovery
23(1)
2.2 Urban mining E-waste for metals
24(14)
2.2.1 Physical techniques
25(3)
2.2.2 Chemical techniques
28(10)
2.3 Extraction of nanometals from E-waste
38(5)
2.3.1 Pure metals
38(5)
2.3.2 Metal oxides
43(1)
2.3.3 Metal nanocomposiles
43(1)
2.4 Challenges
43(2)
2.5 Future research developments
45(10)
References
46(9)
3 Biochemical hazards associated with unsafe disposal of electrical and electronic items
55(26)
Kalyani Korla
Chanchal Kumar Ultra
3.1 Introduction
55(2)
3.2 Life cycle of various elements
57(2)
3.3 Toxicity values and their significance
59(14)
3.3.1 Biochemical toxicity of copper (Cu)
60(1)
3.3.2 Biochemical toxicity of beryllium (Be)
61(1)
3.3.3 Biochemical toxicity of manganese (Mn)
61(1)
3.3.4 Biochemical toxicity of chromium (Cr)
62(1)
3.3.5 Biochemical toxicity of aluminum (Al)
62(1)
3.3.6 Biochemical toxicity of lead (Pb)
63(1)
3.3.7 Biochemical toxicity of arsenic (As)
63(1)
3.3.8 Biochemical toxicity of lithium (Li)
64(1)
3.3.9 Biochemical toxicity of boron (B)
65(1)
3.3.10 Biochemical toxicity of silicon (Si)
65(1)
3.3.11 Biochemical toxicity of iron (Fe)
66(1)
3.3.12 Biochemical toxicity of cobalt (Co)
66(1)
3.3.13 Biochemical toxicity of nickel (Ni)
67(1)
3.3.14 Biochemical toxicity of zinc (Zn)
67(1)
3.3.15 Biochemical toxicity of gallium (Ga)
67(1)
3.3.16 Biochemical toxicity of germanium (Ge)
68(1)
3.3.17 Biochemical toxicity of selenium (Se)
68(1)
3.3.18 Biochemical toxicity of molybdenum (Mo)
69(1)
3.3.19 Biochemical toxicity of palladium (Pd)
69(1)
3.3.20 Biochemical toxicity of silver (Ag)
69(1)
3.3.21 Biochemical toxicity of cadmium (Cd)
70(1)
3.3.22 Biochemical toxicity of tin (Sn)
70(1)
3.3.23 Biochemical toxicity of antimony (Sb)
71(1)
3.3.24 Biochemical toxicity of tellurium (Te)
71(1)
3.3.25 Biochemical toxicity of iodine (I)
71(1)
3.3.26 Biochemical toxicity of tungsten (W)
72(1)
3.3.27 Biochemical toxicity of platinum (Pt)
72(1)
3.3.28 Biochemical toxicity of mercury (H*)
72(1)
3.4 Plastics used in electronics and electrical items
73(2)
3.5 Current disposal methods
75(1)
3.6 Current recycling practices
76(5)
References
77(4)
4 Policy issues for efficient management of E-waste in developing countries
81(20)
Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava
Pankaj Pathak
4.1 E-waste and its management
81(1)
4.2 Current practices of E-waste management
82(7)
4.2.1 China
83(1)
4.2.2 India
83(3)
4.2.3 Brazil
86(1)
4.2.4 Argentina
87(1)
4.2.5 Nigeria
88(1)
4.3 Policy comparison between developed and developing countries
89(2)
4.3.1 Comparison of rules and policies
89(2)
4.3.2 Socio-economic factors of defendants
91(1)
4.3.3 Environmental consequences
91(1)
4.4 Proposed sustainable E-waste management in developing countries
91(5)
4.4.1 Proposed mathematical model
94(1)
4.4.2 Circular economy
94(2)
4.5 Conclusions
96(5)
References
97(2)
Further reading
99(2)
5 E-waste as a challenge for public and ecosystem health
101(18)
Lakshika Weerasundara
Kushani Mahatantila
Meththika Vithanage
5.1 The composition, fate, and toxic compounds in E-waste
101(1)
5.2 Impacts of E-waste on ecosystem health
102(5)
5.2.1 Impacts of E-waste on soil
103(2)
5.2.2 Impacts of E-waste on aquatic ecosystems
105(1)
5.2.3 Impact of E-waste on atmosphere
106(1)
5.3 Impacts and associated risks of E-waste on public health
107(6)
5.4 Safety measures for final disposal and future perspectives
113(6)
References
114(5)
6 Electrochemical enhanced metal extraction from E-waste
119(22)
Ahamed Ashiq
Asitha Cooray
Srikanth Chakravartula Srivatsa
Meththika Vithanage
6.1 Introduction
119(4)
6.1.1 Waste electronic and electrical equipment types
120(1)
6.1.2 Metallic components in E-waste
120(1)
6.1.3 Hydrometallurgical recovery methods
121(1)
6.1.4 Electrowinning and electrorefining processes
122(1)
6.2 Electrochemical enhancement methods for metal recovery
123(9)
6.2.1 Copper recovery
123(3)
6.2.2 Gold recovery
126(1)
6.2.3 Silver recovery
127(1)
6.2.4 Rare earth elements recovery
127(2)
6.2.5 Ionic liquids for enhanced electrodeposition
129(1)
6.2.6 Process summary of the recovery of major elements present in waste electronic and electrical equipment
130(1)
6.2.7 Process flow chart
131(1)
6.3 Future outlook
132(9)
References
132(9)
7 Phytoremediation for E-waste contaminated sites
141(30)
Viraj Gunarathne
Sameera R. Gunatilake
Sachithra T. Walnasinghe
Thilakshani Atugoda
Prabuddhi Wijekoon
Jayanta Kumai Biswas
Meththika Vithanage
7.1 Introduction
141(5)
7.1.1 E-waste: types, composition, and hazardous components
141(1)
7.1.2 Major impacts on human health and environment
142(4)
7.2 Conventional management techniques for E-waste and associated release of pollutants
146(4)
7.2.1 Recycling
146(2)
7.2.2 Dumps and landfills
148(1)
7.2.3 Thermal treatment
149(1)
7.2.4 Acid bath
149(1)
7.3 Phytoremediation to mitigate contaminant from E-waste
150(13)
7.3.1 A brief history on the use phytoremediation
151(1)
7.3.2 Mechanisms in phytoremediation
151(2)
7.3.3 Phytoremediation approaches for different contaminants from E-wastes
153(1)
7.3.4 Advancement of phytoremediation for remediation of E-waste contaminated sites
154(8)
7.3.5 Advantages and limitations associated with phytoremediation for E-waste contaminated sites
162(1)
7.4 Remarks
163(8)
References
164(7)
8 Organic pollutants from E-waste and their electrokinetic remediation
171(20)
Don Liyanage
Janitha Walpita
8.1 Organic pollutant types from E-waste
171(4)
8.1.1 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons/polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
172(2)
8.1.2 Polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers
174(1)
8.2 Electrokinetic remediation
175(7)
8.2.1 Electrolysis
178(1)
8.2.2 Adsorption-desorption
179(1)
8.2.3 Precipitation-dissolution
179(1)
8.2.4 Oxidation-reduction
179(1)
8.2.5 Advantages of the electrokinetic remediation technique
180(1)
8.2.6 Disadvantages and challenges
180(1)
8.2.7 Electrokinetic remediation for the removal of organic waste
180(2)
8.3 Electrokinetic remediation combined with other techniques
182(5)
8.3.1 Oxidation/reduction
182(2)
8.3.2 Bioremediation
184(1)
8.3.3 Permeable reactive barriers
185(1)
8.3.4 Phytoremediation
185(1)
8.3.5 Ultrasonication
186(1)
8.4 Concluding remarks
187(4)
References
187(4)
9 Mapping the emergence of research activities on E-waste: a scientometric analysis and an in-depth review
191(16)
Anwesha Borthakur
Pardeep Singh
9.1 Introduction
191(2)
9.2 Context of the study and methodology
193(1)
9.3 Results and discussion
194(9)
9.3.1 Occurrence of the keywords
194(1)
9.3.2 Year-wise publication output of E-waste research
195(1)
9.3.3 Top funding agencies on E-waste research
196(2)
9.3.4 Top research producing countries on E-waste
198(2)
9.3.5 Top research institutes on E-waste
200(1)
9.3.6 Top journals publishing research on E-waste
200(1)
9.3.7 Top subject areas
201(1)
9.3.8 Top authors in E-waste research
202(1)
9.4 Conclusion
203(4)
References
206(1)
10 Waste electrical and electronic equipment in India: diversity, flows, and resource recovery approaches
207(36)
Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad
10.1 Resource recovery approaches
207(1)
10.2 Current Indian scenario
208(7)
10.3 E-waste management in India
215(1)
10.3.1 Batteries management
216(1)
10.4 Environmental regulations for E-waste in India
216(1)
10.5 Schedule 1
217(1)
10.6 Schedule 2
218(1)
10.7 Class A: concentration limit: ≥ 50 mg/kg
219(1)
10.8 Classification of E-waste
220(1)
10.8.1 Composition of E-waste
220(1)
10.9 Components of E-waste
221(6)
10.10 EST for second level treatment
227(1)
10.11 Technology currently used in India
228(1)
10.12 Mechanical processing
229(3)
10.12.1 Biotechnology
229(3)
10.13 Pyrometallurgy
232(11)
Acknowledgments
234(1)
References
234(6)
Further reading
240(3)
11 Socio-technological challenges in formalization of E-waste recycling in India
243(20)
Pooja Pandey
Madhav Govind
11.1 Introduction
243(2)
11.2 Review of literature: recycling of E-waste in India
245(4)
11.2.1 Predominance of informal sector
247(1)
11.2.2 Formal and informal interaction
248(1)
11.3 Methodology
249(1)
11.4 Formal recycling technologies used in India
249(2)
11.5 Formalization of E-waste recycling in India
251(3)
11.6 Initiatives for formalization of E-waste recycling in India
254(1)
11.7 Challenges faced by formal recyclers in Delhi-NCR
255(4)
11.7.1 Attero Recyclers Pvt. Ltd
255(1)
11.7.2 SIMS Recycling Solutions (Noida)
256(3)
11.8 Conclusion
259(4)
References
259(3)
Further reading
262(1)
12 Electrical and electronic waste in Pakistan: the management practices and perspectives
263(20)
Sadia Ilyas
Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava
Hyunjung Kim
Zaigham Abbas
12.1 Introduction
263(1)
12.2 E-waste generation in Pakistan
264(3)
12.3 Policy framework
267(5)
12.3.1 Legislations dealing the E-waste in Pakistan
268(1)
12.3.2 International legislations and status-quo of Pakistan
268(4)
12.4 Existing practices for E-waste handling in Pakistan
272(2)
12.4.1 E-waste receiver and processing sites
273(1)
12.5 Research and developments for transitioning towards the formal recycling
274(3)
12.6 Summary and recommendations
277(6)
Acknowledgments
279(1)
References
279(2)
Further reading
281(2)
13 Challenges in E-waste management in Sri Lanka
283(40)
Wilka Wayanthi Ranasinghe
Bandunee C.L. Athapattu
13.1 Introduction
283(1)
13.2 Global scenario
284(2)
13.3 Environmental and health hazards of E-waste
286(1)
13.4 Lankan scenario
286(6)
13.4.1 Growing demand for electrical and electronic equipment in Sri Lanka
287(5)
13.4.2 National electrical and electronic waste management policy in Sri Lanka
292(1)
13.5 Analysis of electronic and electrical equipment market in Sri Lanka
292(1)
13.5.1 Electronic and electrical Items manufacturers/assemblers
292(1)
13.5.2 Computer assembling
293(1)
13.6 Electronic item importers
293(2)
13.6.1 Secondhand electronic item importers
293(2)
13.7 Usage of electronic items in household level: desktop or laptop computers
295(1)
13.8 Mobile-cellular penetration in Sri Lanka
295(1)
13.9 Overview of electronic and electrical waste generation and management in Sri Lanka
296(2)
13.9.1 The stakeholders contribution on waste of electrical and electronic equipment collection
297(1)
13.10 Formal sector development in waste of electrical and electronic equipment
298(6)
13.10.1 Sectors engaged in dismantling of waste of electrical and electronic equipments
300(3)
13.10.2 Sectors engaged in treatment and disposal of waste of electrical and electronic equipments
303(1)
13.10.3 Sectors engaged in waste of electrical and electronic equipment treatment
303(1)
13.11 Waste of electrical and electronic equipment disposal and environmental concerns due to heavy metals
304(1)
13.12 Electronic waste exporters
305(3)
13.13 Operational system flow diagrams of entire electronic and electrical waste management
308(1)
13.14 E-waste management operational system
309(1)
13.15 Identified issues in the downstream management of hazardous waste
310(4)
13.16 Challenges in E-waste management in Sri Lanka
314(2)
13.17 Requirements for better E-waste management strategies
316(4)
13.17.1 Policies, regulations, and legislations
316(1)
13.17.2 E-waste collection, storage, and transportation
317(1)
13.17.3 Awareness creation
318(1)
13.17.4 Research and development
318(1)
13.17.5 Economic aspects of E-waste management
319(1)
13.17.6 Integration of the informal and formal sector
319(1)
13.17.7 Strengthening formal sector
320(1)
13.18 Conclusion
320(3)
References
321(1)
Further reading
322(1)
14 Electronic waste management practices in Nigeria
323(32)
Innocent C. Nnorom
Olusegun A. Odeyingbo
14.1 Introduction
323(1)
14.2 UEEE/E-waste flows into developing countries
324(9)
14.2.1 Bridging the ICT digital divide in Nigeria: merits and dements
325(2)
14.2.2 Quantity and quality of UEEE imports into Nigeria
327(1)
14.2.3 Overview of the "person in port" project
328(5)
14.3 E-waste management in Nigeria
333(11)
14.3.1 E-waste management in the informal sector in Nigeria
334(3)
14.3.2 Formal E-waste sector in Nigeria
337(2)
14.3.3 Hinckley E-waste management activities
339(5)
14.4 Comparative analysis of E-waste treatment in developed versus developing countries
344(2)
14.5 Proposing a sound E-waste management strategy in Nigeria
346(4)
14.5.1 Financing E-waste management
346(1)
14.5.2 Enforcement of E-waste regulation in Nigeria
347(2)
14.5.3 Introduction of environmentally sound technology
349(1)
14.5.4 Effective extended producer responsibility implementation
349(1)
14.6 Conclusion
350(5)
References
351(3)
Further reading
354(1)
15 E-waste recycling slum in the heart of Accra, Ghana: the dirty secrets
355(22)
Martin Oteng-Ababio
Richard Grant
15.1 Introduction
355(2)
15.2 Days of reckoning
357(2)
15.3 Privileged rights to the city: the hegemony of entrepreneurial urbanism
359(2)
15.4 Accra's governance orthodoxy, managing "public interests" with private assistance
361(2)
15.5 Unpacking Agbogbloshie's inhabitants
363(8)
15.5.1 (Dis)connecting the plebeian
363(4)
15.5.2 The "doom and gloom" shadow
367(3)
15.5.3 Managing increased private sector interests
370(1)
15.5.4 (Re)claiming a traditional heritage
370(1)
15.6 Lived spaces: a beginning to (ab)using informality and to (in)formalize Lefebvre
371(6)
References
372(4)
Further reading
376(1)
16 E-waste situation and current practices in Brazil
377(20)
Ricardo Gabbay Sonza
16.1 Introduction
377(1)
16.2 Brazilian legislation and regulation on E-waste
377(3)
16.2.1 The national solid waste policy
377(2)
16.2.2 States legislation
379(1)
16.2.3 Brazilian standardization on E-waste take-back systems
380(1)
16.3 E-waste generation in Brazil
380(2)
16.4 Currently known E-waste routes in Brazil
382(11)
16.4.1 Informal schemes
383(3)
16.4.2 Formal schemes
386(7)
16.5 Brazilian research and projects on capacity building
393(1)
16.6 Challenges and further steps for sound E-waste management in Brazil
394(3)
References
395(2)
17 The impact of waste of electrical and electronic equipment public police in Latin America: analysis of the physical, economical, and information flow
397(24)
Luz Angelica Rodriguez-Bello
Enrique Estupinan-Escalante
17.1 Introduction
397(3)
17.2 State of the art
400(3)
17.2.1 Extended responsibility of the producer and EPR policy instruments
400(2)
17.2.2 System dynamics
402(1)
17.3 Contextualization and electrical and electronic equipment scope
403(2)
17.4 Model
405(3)
17.4.1 Physical flow
406(1)
17.4.2 Economic flow
407(1)
17.4.3 Information flow
407(1)
17.4.4 Validation
408(1)
17.5 Scenarios
408(2)
17.5.1 Scenario 1: prohibition of hazardous substances
408(1)
17.5.2 Scenario 2: improvement in the collection and recovery
408(1)
17.5.3 Scenario 3: energy efficiency
409(1)
17.5.4 Scenario 4: increase in the price of energy
409(1)
17.5.5 Scenario 5: end of life tax
409(1)
17.5.6 Scenario 6: synergy of all the previous instruments
409(1)
17.6 Results and discussion
410(3)
17.7 Conclusions
413(8)
References
414(5)
Further reading
419(2)
18 Environmental pollution of E-waste: generation, collection, legislation, and recycling practices in Mexico
421(22)
Sara Ojeda-Benitez
Samantha E. Cruz-Sotelo
18.1 Introduction
421(3)
18.2 Electronic industry in Mexico
424(1)
18.3 Consequences for health and the environment
424(4)
18.4 Estimating quantities for E-waste
428(1)
18.5 E-waste legislation
429(4)
18.6 Current practices
433(6)
18.6.1 Universities
434(1)
18.6.2 E-waste collection campaigns in the state of Jalisco, Mexico
434(5)
18.7 Scavangers
439(1)
18.8 Industrial activities
439(1)
18.9 Conclusion
440(3)
References
441(2)
19 Improving sustainability of E-waste management through the systemic design of solutions: the cases of Colombia and Ecuador
443(36)
Sandra Mendez-Fajardo
Heinz Boni
Paul Vane gas
Dolores Sucozhanay
19.1 Introduction
443(4)
19.1.1 The concept of sustainability in solid waste management
443(2)
19.1.2 The systems approach and sustainability
445(1)
19.1.3 The extended producer responsibility: a systemic approach toward improving sustainability
446(1)
19.2 Waste electronic and electrical equipment management - in developing countries
447(6)
19.2.1 Waste electronic and electrical equipment generation rates and management processes in developing countries
447(1)
19.2.2 Processes
448(1)
19.2.3 Actors
449(1)
19.2.4 Waste electronic and electrical equipment management in Colombia
450(3)
19.2.5 Waste electronic and electrical equipment management in Ecuador
453(1)
19.3 The systemic-design of solutions
453(6)
19.3.1 Preparation phase
455(1)
19.3.2 The pillar of the systemic-design: actor participation through workshops
455(4)
19.4 The systemic-design of the waste electronic and electrical equipment management policy in Colombia
459(7)
19.4.1 The design of the problematic situation
460(1)
19.4.2 Identification of structural causes
461(1)
19.4.3 Participatory design of strategics
461(1)
19.4.4 Decision-enhancement studio
462(2)
19.4.5 The policy for integrated waste electronic and electrical equipment management in Colombia
464(2)
19.5 The systemic-design of solutions in Ecuador: applying the methodology in a 3-days workshop
466(3)
19.5.1 The design of the problematic situation (workshop 1)
466(1)
19.5.2 Identifying structural causes (workshop 2)
467(1)
19.5.3 Participatory design of strategies (workshop 3)
467(2)
19.6 Results and discussion
469(10)
Acknowledgments
472(1)
References
472(6)
Further reading
478(1)
20 E-waste management in Ecuador, current situation and perspectives
479(38)
Paul Vanegas
Andres Martinez-Moscoso
Dolores Sucozhanay
Pablo Pano
Andre's Tello
Adriana Abril
Ismael Izquierdo
Gustavo Pacheco
Marc Craps
20.1 Introduction
479(2)
20.2 Integrated and sustainable waste management
481(1)
20.3 E-waste management in Ecuador
482(2)
20.4 ISWM: stakeholders
484(5)
20.4.1 Transversal stakeholders
485(1)
20.4.2 Stakeholders: collection
486(2)
20.4.3 Stakeholders: preprocessing
488(1)
20.4.4 Stakeholders: end-processing
488(1)
20.5 ISWM: elements
489(3)
20.5.1 Generation and separation
489(1)
20.5.2 Collection and transport
489(2)
20.5.3 Treatment and disposal
491(1)
20.6 ISWM: aspects
492(6)
20.6.1 Socio-cultural conditions
493(1)
20.6.2 Political, legislative, and institutional frameworks
493(5)
20.7 Challenges and perspectives
498(2)
20.8 Conclusion
500(17)
List of abbreviations
501(16)
References
504(8)
Further reading
512(1)
Appendices
513(1)
Appendix A Constitutional environmental principles in Ecuador
513(1)
Appendix B Environmental principles in the environmental organic code of Ecuador
514(3)
21 The Chilean regulation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): some of the challenges and opportunities to incorporate informal E-waste recyclers
517(16)
Uca Silva
Gloria Baigorrotegui
21.1 The international commitments of Chile in the management of WEEE
517(1)
21.2 Some background prior to the enactment of the Law
518(1)
21.3 The national movement of waste pickers (MNRB)
519(1)
21.4 National law of waste and extended producer responsibility (REP) (Law 20920)
520(3)
21.5 Including waste pickers as recyclers in Law 20920
523(6)
21.6 Conclusions
529(1)
21.7 Acknowledgments
530(3)
References
530(1)
Further reading
531(2)
22 Electronic waste management in Romania: pathways for sustainable practices
533(20)
Florin-Constantin Mihai
22.1 Introduction
533(1)
22.2 E-waste disposal activities
534(2)
22.2.1 Illegal dumping of the E-waste stream
534(1)
22.2.2 Open burning of the E-waste stream
534(1)
22.2.3 Landfill of the E-waste stream
535(1)
22.3 E-waste collection practices
536(4)
22.3.1 EU collection targets
536(2)
22.3.2 E-waste collection in urban areas
538(1)
22.3.3 E-waste collection in rural areas
538(1)
22.3.4 Informal sector and illegal E-waste trade
539(1)
22.4 E-waste recycling and recovery practices
540(1)
22.5 Pathways for sustainable practices related to E-waste management activities in Romania
541(7)
22.5.1 Monitoring the EEE flows placed on the national market and improved E-waste statistical data
542(1)
22.5.2 Better inspection and monitoring of E-waste management activities
542(1)
22.5.3 Expansion of "producer responsibility organizations" (PROs)
543(1)
22.5.4 Municipal source-separated E-waste collection points
544(2)
22.5.5 Support for special Separated E-waste collection events and environmental awareness
546(1)
22.5.6 Certified treatment facilities
546(2)
22.5.7 Innovative approach for cycling and reuse of E-waste
548(1)
22.6 Conclusions
548(5)
References
549(4)
23 E-waste management practices in Australia
553(24)
Md Tasbirul Islam
Nazmul Hilda
23.1 Introduction
553(2)
23.2 EEE import, E-waste source, and generation
555(7)
23.3 E-waste-related regulation and program and management structure
562(4)
23.4 E-waste recycling system and treatment processes
566(2)
23.5 Challenges and recommendation
568(5)
23.5.1 Role and responsibilities of stakeholders
570(1)
23.5.2 Collection and recovery network
570(1)
23.5.3 Expansion of product scope in the E-waste management system
571(1)
23.5.4 Effectiveness of compliance and audit on material recovery and recycling targets
572(1)
23.6 Conclusion
573(4)
References
574(3)
24 E-waste policies in the United States: minimalistic federal action and fragmented subnational activities
577(12)
Katja Biedenkopf
24.1 Introduction
577(1)
24.2 A minimalistic approach: federal E-waste policy
578(3)
24.3 The pioneer: California
581(2)
24.4 2006--11: a subnational wave of E-waste policies
583(1)
24.5 Fragmentation of E-waste policies
584(1)
24.6 Clusters of policy designs
585(2)
24.7 Conclusions
587(2)
References
587(2)
Index 589
She is the leader of the Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Science at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka, Visiting Associate Research Professor, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Sri Lanka and an Adjunct Associate Research Professor at the University of Southern Queensland, Australia. Dr. Vithanages research approach builds on enabling measurements of concentrations and reaction rates in environmental samples for key/emerging pollutants in the environment in order to assess their fate and transport to discover solutions to remediate those using different geo/bio/nano materials. Dr. Vithanage is particularly interested in elucidating the mechanistic understanding of release/remediation of pollutants with contrasting physical and chemical properties that can be used to obtain insights into environmental partitioning, chemical persistence and ultimate accumulation in biota. To this end, her current research interests are focused on monitoring atmospheric deposition, landfill leachate, water and soil for pollutants, develop and enhance the properties of biochar, nano/geo substances and composites as material for environmental remediation. She has received several awards from,TWAS-NSF Award for the Young Scientist, American Geophysical Union, Presidential Awards for Publications, Awards for science popularization and for post graduate supervision by the National Science Foundation, Sri Lanka. She is a Young Affiliate of the Third World Academy of Sciences. She was the Chairperson of the Young Scientists Forum on the National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka in 2017. Currently, she is the President of the Engineering, Architecture, Surveying Section of the Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science. She has contributed more than 80 Science Citation Indexed journal articles and 25 book chapters. Her citation record is now passed 2300 with an H index of 24. Dr. Anwesha Borthakur is a research fellow at the Centre for Studies in Science Policy, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. She has an M.Phil and PhD in Science Policy Studies. The area of her both M.Phil and PhD studies was waste management and policy implications in India. She has published more than 30 papers/chapters in international peer-reviewed journals and books. Presently working as a Post Doctoral Fellow. Dr. Prasad is Emeritus Professor, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad (India). He has made outstanding contributions to the fields of bioremediation, bioresources, biomass energy sources, bioeconomy, and to the broad field of environmental biotechnology, all of which are his main areas of expertise. Dr. Prasad has served the Government of Indias Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change as a member of various advisory committees on biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, pollution control and abatement, environmental information systems and bioremediation of contaminated sites. He is an active visiting scientist for several international universities.
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas Daugiau apie elektronines knygas
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/97801281703116e.html
Raktažodžiai: