| Contributors |
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xi | |
| Preface |
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xv | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xvii | |
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1 Marine Microalgae Biotechnology: Present Trends and Future Advances |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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3 Applications of Marine Microalgae |
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2 | (5) |
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7 | (4) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (4) |
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2 An Introduction to Microalgae: Diversity and Significance |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (2) |
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3 Microalgae Cell Structure---A Close Look |
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14 | (1) |
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4 Microalgae as a Potential Source for Fuels and Chemicals |
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15 | (3) |
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5 Products Storage Mechanism and Genetic Modification Potential of Microalgae |
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18 | (3) |
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6 Techno-Economic Impact and Commercialization Potential |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (4) |
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22 | (3) |
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3 Microalgal Classification: Major Classes and Genera of Commercial Microalgal Species |
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1 Introduction to Microalgal Classification |
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25 | (2) |
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2 Origin of Microalgal Diversity |
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27 | (2) |
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3 Major Phyla/Class Characteristics of Commercial Microalgal Genera |
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29 | (4) |
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4 Biotechnological Applications: Microalgae |
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33 | (10) |
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38 | (5) |
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4 Microalgae Isolation and Basic Culturing Techniques |
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43 | (1) |
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2 Microalgal Isolation and Purification Techniques |
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43 | (2) |
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3 Strain Selection and Screening Criteria of Microalgae |
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45 | (1) |
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4 Measurement of Algal Growth |
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46 | (1) |
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5 Culture Techniques for Microalgae |
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46 | (5) |
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6 Advanced Isolation Techniques |
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51 | (4) |
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52 | (3) |
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5 Mass Production of Microalgae |
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1 Microalgae Screening and Isolation Techniques |
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55 | (1) |
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2 Basic Microalgal Culturing Techniques |
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56 | (4) |
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3 Mass Production of Microalgae |
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60 | (4) |
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64 | (5) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (4) |
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6 Microalgal Biotechnology: The Way Forward |
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69 | (2) |
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2 Development of Microalgae Culture Systems |
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71 | (2) |
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3 Photosynthetic Productivity in Microalgal Mass Culture |
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73 | (1) |
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4 Overcoming Biological Limitations in Microalgal Culture |
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73 | (2) |
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5 Improve Response to Varying Solar Irradiance |
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75 | (1) |
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6 Advances in Microalgal Feedstock-Based Biodiesel Production |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (4) |
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77 | (4) |
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7 Stability of Valuable Components during Wet and Dry Storage |
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81 | (1) |
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2 Stability of Lipids during Storage of Microalgal Biomass and Oil |
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82 | (6) |
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3 Antioxidant Protection and Stability during Storage |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (5) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (4) |
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8 Application of Microalgae Protein to Aquafeed |
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93 | (3) |
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2 Nutritional Features of Microalgae |
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96 | (3) |
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3 Use of Microalgae in Formulated Feed for Aquaculture |
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99 | (14) |
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4 Alternatives to Fresh Microalgae |
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113 | (3) |
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5 Benefits and Shortcomings |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (9) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (8) |
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9 From the Ancient Tribes to Modern Societies, Microalgae Evolution from a Simple Food to an Alternative Fuel Source |
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127 | (1) |
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2 Discoveries in Photosynthesis as a Tool to Understand Microalgal Metabolism for Biofuel Development: A Literature Survey for a Historical Snapshot |
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128 | (1) |
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3 Microalgae, a Milestone in Light to Fuel Concept |
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129 | (5) |
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4 Genetic Engineering Tools to Design Conceptual Studies: Time Travel for Genetic Evolution of Microalgal Biofuel Research |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (2) |
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6 Introducing a Feasible Approach to Algal Biofuel Economy: Current Status Focusing on Photobioreactors |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (7) |
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138 | (7) |
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10 Biofuel Production from Microalgae |
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145 | (3) |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (3) |
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4 Properties of Microalgae-derived Biodiesel |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (4) |
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156 | (3) |
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11 Biohydrogen from Microalgae, Uniting Energy, Life, and Green Future |
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159 | (1) |
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2 A New Partnership That Can Change the Game: Microalgae and Biofuels |
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160 | (1) |
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3 Microalgal Biohydrogen Production |
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161 | (12) |
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4 Microalgal Culture Systems: Open and Closed |
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173 | (4) |
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177 | (6) |
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6 Commercialization and Economy |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (4) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (8) |
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189 | (8) |
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12 Bioethanol Production from Microalgae |
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197 | (1) |
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2 Microalgae Species with High Carbohydrate Content |
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198 | (1) |
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3 Carbohydrate Metabolism |
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199 | (1) |
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4 Pretreatment and Saccharification of Microalgae Biomass |
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200 | (5) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (3) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (3) |
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13 Medicinal Effects of Microalgae-Derived Fatty Acids |
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209 | (1) |
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2 Microalgae as a Source of PUFA |
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210 | (6) |
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3 Microalgal PUFA Production |
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216 | (8) |
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4 n-3 PUFA Health Benefits |
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224 | (3) |
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5 Microalgae as Functional Foods and Sources of Pharmaceutical Drugs |
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227 | (6) |
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228 | (5) |
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14 Innovative Microalgae Pigments as Functional Ingredients in Nutrition |
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233 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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3 Pigments from Microalgae |
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234 | (3) |
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4 Biological Activities of Microalgae Pigments and Health Benefit Effects |
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237 | (2) |
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5 New Trends in Commercial Applications of Microalgae Pigments |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (5) |
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241 | (4) |
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15 Application of Diatom Biosilica in Drug Delivery |
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245 | (2) |
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2 Culture and Harvest Methods in Diatom Production |
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247 | (1) |
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3 Isolation and Characterization of Diatom Biosilica |
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248 | (2) |
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4 Application of Biosilica in Drug-Delivery Vehicles |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (2) |
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16 Microalgal Nutraceuticals |
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255 | (1) |
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2 Nutraceutical: Defining the Term |
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256 | (1) |
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3 Microalgae: The Nutraceutical Benefits |
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256 | (7) |
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4 Nutraceuticals and Aquaculture |
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263 | (1) |
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5 Conclusions and Research Needs |
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264 | (5) |
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265 | (4) |
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17 Microalgae as a Novel Source of Antioxidants for Nutritional Applications |
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1 Oxidative Stability of Food Systems |
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269 | (1) |
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2 Antioxidant Activity in Microalgae |
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270 | (7) |
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3 Potential of Microalgal Antioxidants to Reduce Lipid Oxidation in Foodstuff |
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277 | (4) |
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278 | (3) |
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18 Production of Biopharmaceuticals in Microalgae |
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Bernardo Banuelos-Hernandez |
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281 | (1) |
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2 Current Outlook of BFs Produced in Microalgae |
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282 | (6) |
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3 Other Microalgae as Platforms to Produce Biopharmaceuticals |
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288 | (7) |
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295 | (4) |
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296 | (3) |
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19 Nutritional and Pharmaceutical Properties of Microalgal Spirulina |
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1 General Characteristics of Spirulina |
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299 | (1) |
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2 Nutritional Values of Spirulina |
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300 | (1) |
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3 Pharmaceutical Properties of Spirulina |
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301 | (4) |
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305 | (4) |
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306 | (3) |
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20 Applications of Microalgae-Derived Active Ingredients as Cosmeceuticals |
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309 | (1) |
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2 Cosmeceutical Value of Microalgae |
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310 | (4) |
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314 | (3) |
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314 | (3) |
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21 Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Microalgae (Chlorella vulagaris) Biomass |
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317 | (1) |
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2 Theoretical Models for Supercritical Fluid Extraction |
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318 | (5) |
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323 | (5) |
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328 | (3) |
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330 | (1) |
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22 Exploiting the Molecular Genetics of Microalgae: From Strain Development Pipelines to the Uncharted Waters of Mass Production |
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331 | (1) |
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2 Advances in Molecular Tools for Chloroplast and Nuclear Gene Expression |
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332 | (10) |
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3 Application of Metabolic Engineering for Biosynthesis and Synthetic Biology |
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342 | (3) |
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4 Implications for Regulatory Control over GM Algae |
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345 | (2) |
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5 Conclusions and Perspectives |
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347 | (6) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (6) |
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23 Microalgal Systems Biology Through Genome-Scale Metabolic Reconstructions for Industrial Applications |
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353 | (1) |
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2 Biological Features: Photosynthesis and Lipid Metabolism |
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354 | (3) |
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3 Systems Biology Resources for Microalgae: Multi-OMICs Data |
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357 | (5) |
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4 In Silico Analyses: Genome-scale Metabolic Reconstruction and Simulation |
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362 | (3) |
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5 Industrial Applications of Systems Biology: Engineering Metabolic Networks |
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365 | (1) |
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366 | (5) |
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366 | (5) |
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24 Genetic Engineering of Marine Microalgae to Optimize Bioenergy Production |
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371 | (1) |
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2 Tools and Techniques for Genetic Engineering in Microalgae |
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372 | (2) |
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3 Integrated "Omics" Solutions for Pathway Engineering |
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374 | (2) |
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4 Metabolic Engineering to Optimize Bioenergy Production |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (6) |
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377 | (6) |
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25 Genetic Optimization of Microalgae for Biohydrogen Production |
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383 | (2) |
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2 State of the Art: Photobiohydrogen Production by Microalgae |
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385 | (1) |
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3 Hydrogen-Catalyzing Enzymes in Microalgal Metabolism |
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386 | (2) |
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4 Photosynthesis and Biophotolysis |
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388 | (2) |
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5 Metabolic Pathway Engineering as a Tool to Develop Hydrogen-Producing Cell Factories: Improvement of H2 Production by Genetic Optimization of Microalgae |
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390 | (9) |
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399 | (6) |
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400 | (5) |
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26 Genetic Engineering of Microalgae for Production of Value-added Ingredients |
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405 | (1) |
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2 High Value-added Biomolecules in Microalgae |
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406 | (2) |
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3 Pathway Engineering of Microalgae for Enhanced High Value-added Biomolecules |
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408 | (1) |
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4 Industrial/Commercial Relevance |
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409 | (2) |
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411 | (4) |
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411 | (4) |
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27 Genetic Engineering of Microalgae for Production of Therapeutic Proteins |
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415 | (1) |
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2 Advantages of Therapeutic Protein Production in Microalgae |
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416 | (1) |
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3 Developments in Microalgal Transformation Technology |
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417 | (3) |
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4 Methods Used in Microalgal Transformation |
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420 | (3) |
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5 Current Status of Algal Expression System |
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423 | (2) |
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425 | (4) |
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425 | (4) |
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28 An Expressed Sequence Tag Database Analysis of Fatty Acid Genes in Stichococcus bacillaris Strain Siva2011 |
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429 | (1) |
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2 Fatty Acid, TAG, and Hydrocarbon Biosynthesis |
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430 | (1) |
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3 Establishment of cDNA Library |
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431 | (2) |
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4 ESTs Analysis of Fatty Acid Pathway Genes in S. bacillaris Strain Siva2011 |
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433 | (4) |
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437 | (2) |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (2) |
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29 Microalgae-based Wastewater Treatment |
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439 | (2) |
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2 Mechanisms of Pollutant Removal |
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441 | (5) |
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3 Energy Recovery and Carbon Sequestration |
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446 | (1) |
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4 Process Design and Operation |
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446 | (5) |
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451 | (1) |
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6 Environmental Impact of Microalgae-Based WWT |
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451 | (1) |
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452 | (5) |
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452 | (1) |
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452 | (5) |
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30 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by Microalgae |
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457 | (1) |
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2 Microalgae Characteristics |
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458 | (1) |
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3 Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Uptake by Algae |
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459 | (2) |
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4 Factors Influencing the Heavy Metals Biosorption on Microalgae |
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461 | (2) |
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5 Equilibrium Isotherm Models and Evaluation of Biosorptive Performance |
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463 | (2) |
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6 Kinetics Modeling of Heavy Metals Biosorption on Microalgae |
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465 | (1) |
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466 | (5) |
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467 | (4) |
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31 Bioremediation with Microalgae: Toward Sustainable Production of Biofuels |
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471 | (1) |
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2 Bioremediation and Removal of Nutrient Ions with Microalgae |
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471 | (1) |
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3 Microalgae and Biofuels Production |
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472 | (4) |
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4 Bioremediation: Trophic Pathway toward Sustainable Biofuels |
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476 | (1) |
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5 Advances in Genetic and Metabolic Engineering of Microalgae Biofuels |
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477 | (1) |
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6 Coupling Bioremediation and Microalgal Biofuel: Sustainable Approaches |
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478 | (5) |
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479 | (4) |
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32 Phycoremediation-Coupled Biomethanation of Microalgal Biomass |
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483 | (1) |
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2 Wastewater As a Potential Nutrient Source for Microalgae Cultivation |
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484 | (4) |
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3 Coupling CO2 Sequestration with Microalgae Cultivation in Wastewater |
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488 | (3) |
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4 Biomethane Potential of Wastewater-Grown Microalgal Biomass |
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491 | (2) |
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5 The Closed-Loop Process |
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493 | (4) |
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6 Conclusion and Perspectives |
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497 | (4) |
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497 | (1) |
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497 | (4) |
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33 N2-Fixing Cyanobacteria: Ecology and Biotechnological Applications |
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1 Physiology and Genetics of Nitrogen Fixation |
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501 | (5) |
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2 N2-fixing Cyanobacteria in the Environment |
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506 | (3) |
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3 Biotechnological Applications of N2-Fixing Cyanobacteria |
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509 | (8) |
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514 | (3) |
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34 An Overview of Harmful Algal Blooms on Marine Organisms |
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517 | (1) |
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518 | (1) |
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518 | (1) |
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4 Harmful Cyanobacteria Blooms |
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518 | (1) |
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5 The Harmful Properties of HABs |
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519 | (1) |
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6 Harmful Algae Bloom Formation |
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520 | (2) |
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522 | (1) |
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8 Impacts of Algal Toxins |
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522 | (1) |
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9 Possible Solutions to Controlling HABs |
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522 | (1) |
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523 | (1) |
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523 | (4) |
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523 | (1) |
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524 | (3) |
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35 Microalgae-Derived Toxic Compounds |
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527 | (1) |
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2 Toxic Compounds from Marine Microalgae and their Applications |
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528 | (5) |
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533 | (6) |
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534 | (5) |
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36 Toxicity Bioassays on Benthic Diatoms |
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539 | (1) |
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2 Toxicity Bioassays on Microalgae |
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539 | (1) |
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3 Sediment Toxicity Testing on Microalgae: Rationale, Previous Attempts, and Potential Problems |
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540 | (1) |
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4 Sediment Toxicity Bioassay on Benthic Diatoms: A Guideline |
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541 | (2) |
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5 New Perspectives in Benthic Diatom Bioassays: In Situ Bioassays and Avoidance Bioassays |
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543 | (4) |
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544 | (3) |
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37 Ciguatera: Tropical Reef Fish Poisoning |
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547 | (1) |
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2 Microalgae Causing Ciguatera |
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548 | (4) |
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552 | (1) |
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4 Bioconversion of Toxins and Toxin Accumulation |
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553 | (2) |
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555 | (1) |
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6 Geographic Range of Ciguatera |
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556 | (3) |
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557 | (2) |
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38 Dunaliella Identification Using DNA Fingerprinting Intron-Sizing Method and Species-Specific Oligonucleotides New Insights on Dunaliella Molecular Identification |
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559 | (1) |
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2 General Characteristics of the Genus Dunaliella |
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560 | (1) |
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3 Commercially Important Compounds Produced by Dunaliella |
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560 | (2) |
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4 The I8S rDNA Gene as a Molecular Marker of Dunaliella Species Identification |
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562 | (1) |
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5 Dunaliella MA1-MA2 Conserved and DSs-, DBs-, DPs-specific Oligonucleotides |
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562 | (2) |
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6 Identification of Dunaliella Species from Certified Culture Collections and Environmental Samples |
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564 | (1) |
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565 | (4) |
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566 | (1) |
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566 | (3) |
| Index |
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569 | |
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas