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El. knyga: Hazardous Chemicals: Agents of Risk and Change, 1800-2000

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Although poisonous substances have been a hazard for the whole of human history, it is only with the development and large-scale production of new chemical substances over the last two centuries that toxic, manmade pollutants have become such a varied and widespread danger. Covering a host of both notorious and little-known chemicals, the chapters in this collection investigate the emergence of specific toxic, pathogenic, carcinogenic, and ecologically harmful chemicals as well as the scientific, cultural and legislative responses they have prompted. Each study situates chemical hazards in a long-term and transnational framework and demonstrates the importance of considering both the natural and the social contexts in which their histories have unfolded.

Recenzijos

Homburg and Vaupel provide an excellent review of the industrial development of eight chemical substances that have emerged as problematic agents to global public health and the environment since the dawn of the industrial revolutionthe language here is non-technical, and each chapter provides extensive footnotes and referencesRecommended Choice





Overall, the edited collection offers scholars an excellent set of biographical chemical histories the scholarship is superb. Technology and Culture





Ernst Homburg and Elisabeth Vaupel make an outstanding contribution to historical toxicology by assembling an impressively varied but closely interconnected collection of essays that focus on a number of industrially produced chemical substances. They do so, too, by their own introductory overview of toxicological concepts and developments across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and by a conclusion that addresses the overarching question of periodization in the historiography of the regulation of hazardous chemicals. Isis Journal





This collection is an important addition to the literature and will help the field take the now overdue step from national to global research. Labour History Review





Hazardous Chemicals hopefully also encourages medical doctors to stay alert to signs of toxicity, to conduct good research, and to formulate conclusions so clearly that industry, legislation and the public can actually do something with it. Medisch Contact





These very rich investigations into the history of poison, hazard and regulation contain new insights and empirical findings. Hazardous Chemicals is a very substantial addition to the literature in the field. Carsten Reinhardt, University of Bielefeld





Hazardous Chemicals is a bold contribution to the blooming field of historical studies on toxic products. It includes many excellent chapters that approach the topic from many different perspectives, covering a broad range of harmful substances, geographical contexts, and stakeholders while giving insightful analyses of relevant cases and offering comparative perspectives on toxic risk regulation. José Ramón Bertomeu Sįnchez, Universitat de Valčncia

List of Figures and Tables

Abbreviations

Acknowledgements



Introduction: Hazardous Chemicals, 18002000: A Conceptual and Regulatory
Overview

Ernst Homburg and Elisabeth Vaupel



PART I: FROM ACUTE TO CHRONIC POISONING: REGULATING OLD POISONS IN THE
INDUSTRIAL AGE



Chapter
1. Schweinfurt Green and the Sanitary Police: The Fight Against
Copper Arsenite Pigments

Joost Mertens



Chapter
2. The Banning of White Lead: French and International Regulations

Laurence Lestel



Chapter
3. Old Situations, New Complications: Lead and Lead Poisoning in a
Changing World

Christian Warren



PART II: DISCOVERING NEW HEALTH IMPACTS: CARCIOGENESIS, MUTAGENESIS AND MORE
IN TIMES OF UNCERTAINTY AND NON-KNOWLEDGE



Chapter
4. Discovering Chemical Carcinogenesis: The Case of the Aromatic
Amines

Heiko Stoff and Anthony S. Travis



Chapter
5. Cyclamates: A Tale of Uncertain Knowledge (1930s1980s)

Alexander von Schwerin



Chapter
6. Cadmium Poisoning in Japan: The Itai-itai Disease and Beyond

Masanori Kaji



Chapter
7. Dioxins: The Total Poison

Stefan Böschen



PART III: NEW PRODUCTS, NEW EFFECTS. THE DISCOVERY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND
THE LONG SHADOW OF THE 1960S



Chapter
8. Organophosphates

Frederick R. Davis



Chapter
9. A Tale of Two Nations: DDT in the USA and the UK

Peter J. T. Morris



Chapter
10. War and Peace: The Phenoxy Herbicides

Amy M. Hay



Chapter
11. Raising a Stink: The Short Happy Life of MTBE

John K. Smith



Conclusions

Ernst Homburg and Elisabeth Vaupel



Index
Ernst Homburg is Professor of History of Science and Technology Emeritus at Maastricht University. His scholarly work has included the co-editorship of two multivolume book series on the history of technology in the Netherlands, as well as of New Dictionary of Scientific Biography (2007), and Solvay: History of a Multinational Family Firm (2012, with Kenneth Bertrams and Nicolas Coupain).