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El. knyga: Ignored Racism: White Animus Toward Latinos

(Iowa State University), (Arizona State University)
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 25-Jun-2020
  • Leidėjas: Cambridge University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108858052
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 25-Jun-2020
  • Leidėjas: Cambridge University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108858052

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Although Latinos are now the largest non-majority group in the United States, existing research on white attitudes toward Latinos has focused almost exclusively on attitudes toward immigration. This book changes that. It argues that such accounts fundamentally underestimate the political power of whites' animus toward Latinos and thus miss how conflict extends well beyond immigration to issues such as voting rights, criminal punishment, policing, and which candidates to support. Providing historical and cultural context and drawing on rich survey and experimental evidence, the authors show that Latino racism-ethnicism is a coherent belief system about Latinos that is conceptually and empirically distinct from other forms of out-group hostility, and from partisanship and ideology. Moreover, animus toward Latinos has become a powerful force in contemporary American politics, shaping white public opinion in elections and across a number of important issue areas - and resulting in policies that harm Latinos disproportionately.

This book is for readers who want to understand how whites' reactions to Latinos shape American politics. Grounded in the legacy of Latinos' experiences, it demonstrates that how whites think about Latinos is a powerful force in American politics. Without recognizing this, it is impossible to grasp fully the fundamental debates in politics.

Recenzijos

'Ramirez and Peterson have given me a lot to think about. There was a time we all assumed that anti-Latino sentiment was a shadow of the much more virulent anti-black racism but could be understood and studied on the same terms. These authors suggest that we need to reconceptualize anti-Latino biases and their policy implications as a distinct phenomenon, rooted in and exacerbated by the historical development of the population and the institutions created to disadvantage them. This work - its conclusions, and its implications - is a must-read for anyone seriously trying to grapple with understanding how, in 2020, 10,000 children can be locked in cages with the tacit approval of the majority of the American people.' Gary M. Segura, Professor and Dean, University of California, Los Angeles 'For too long, even as the Latino population has grown significantly in the US, social science research on race and ethnic attitudes has been without a careful, comprehensive, and valid measure of contemporary White attitudes toward Latinos. Ramirez and Peterson's research closes this gap, helping us more fully understand the social, economic, and political consequences of how Whites perceive Latinos.' Ashley Jardina, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Duke University 'In this book, Ramirez and Peterson address an exceedingly important subject. The authors provide historical context and show how animus toward Latinos matters for political attitudes and political behavior today. They also introduce new measures that other scholars are sure to use in future work. Theoretically grounded and empirically convincing, Ignored Racism is a must-read.' Brad Jones, Professor of Political Science, University of California, Davis 'There is no question that based on the analyses of survey data presented in Ignored Racism, as well as the results of the several original experimental analyses presented in the book, Ramirez and Peterson have made a strong case for the importance of their measure of LRE, and we believe that this measure needs to be taken seriously.' Richard C. Fording and Sanford Schram, Critical Dialogue

Daugiau informacijos

Whites' animus toward Latinos is a fundamental force in American politics, uniquely shaping public opinion across a range of domains.
List of Figures
xi
List of Tables
xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xix
1 Racism Ignored
1(8)
1.1 Is It Racism?
2(3)
1.2 The Argument of This Book
5(1)
1.3 A Look Ahead
6(3)
2 The Racialization of Latinos
9(18)
2.1 The Historical Roots of Latina/o Racism-Ethnicism
12(11)
2.1.1 The Racialization of the Mestizo People in the Colonial Period
12(2)
2.1.2 Institutional Discrimination and the Racialization of Latino Identity
14(2)
2.1.3 The Continued Push to Marginalize Latinos
16(3)
2.1.4 Historical Segregation, Modern Hate
19(1)
2.1.5 The Depiction of Latinos as Criminals
20(2)
2.1.6 The Stigma of Being Latina/o
22(1)
2.2 The Importance of Understanding Latina/o Racism-Ethnicism
23(2)
2.2.1 Are People Still Hiding Their Racial Beliefs?
23(2)
2.2.2 LRE and Whites' Policy Preferences
25(1)
2.3 Conclusion
25(2)
3 The Measurement of Latina/o Racism-Ethnicism
27(29)
3.1 Conceptualizing LRE
27(9)
3.1.1 Focus Groups as a Validation of LRE
28(3)
3.1.2 How People Express LRE
31(5)
3.2 The Measurement of LRE
36(15)
3.2.1 Is LRE a Coherent Belief?
41(1)
3.2.2 Is It a Unique Form of Racism-Ethnicism?
42(3)
3.2.3 Is LRE a Measure of Partisan Principles or Cultural Preferences?
45(2)
3.2.4 Is LRE about Race-Ethnicity?
47(4)
3.3 Conclusion
51(5)
4 Why White America Opposes Immigration
56(30)
4.1 American Public Opinion toward Immigration Policy
59(9)
4.1.1 Current Explanations of Public Opinion toward Immigration Policy
65(3)
4.2 The Role of LRE
68(14)
4.2.1 LRE or Immigrant Resentment
76(3)
4.2.2 Context and Contiguity in Immigration Policy Preferences
79(3)
4.3 Conclusion
82(4)
5 Attitudes about Punishment and Policing
86(25)
5.1 Latinos and the Race-Coding of Crime
88(12)
5.1.1 The "Browning" of Crime News
89(2)
5.1.2 How We Examine Crime News?
91(4)
5.1.3 Does Crime News Activate LRE?
95(5)
5.2 Understanding Public Support for Punishment
100(3)
5.3 White Opposition to Police Body Cameras
103(5)
5.3.1 The Police Body Camera Experiment
105(3)
5.4 Conclusion
108(3)
6 Why Whites Favor Restrictive Voting Laws
111(33)
6.1 The Controversy over Voter Identification Laws
113(5)
6.2 Mass Polarization or Race?
118(3)
6.3 LRE and Voter Identification Laws
121(13)
6.3.1 The Voter Identification Experiment
123(6)
6.3.2 Estimating Concern about Fraudulent Voting
129(5)
6.4 Voter Registration Purges
134(8)
6.4.1 The Conjoint Experiment
135(7)
6.5 Conclusion
142(2)
7 The Electoral Implications of Latina/o Racism-Ethnicism
144(29)
7.1 Racial and Ethnic Conflict in US Elections
144(2)
7.2 Support for Latina/o Candidates in US Elections
146(6)
7.2.1 The 2014 and 2016 US House Elections
148(4)
7.3 Voting for Candidates Who Support Immigration Restrictions
152(7)
7.3.1 The 2014 and 2016 US Senate Elections
153(4)
7.3.2 Gubernatorial Elections in 2014
157(2)
7.4 The Politics of Racism-Ethnicism in the 2016 Presidential Election
159(7)
7.4.1 How Whites Voted in the 2016 Presidential Election
161(5)
7.5 LRE and the Strategic Choices of Candidates
166(4)
7.6 Conclusion
170(3)
8 Conclusion
173(14)
8.1 What Have We Learned?
173(3)
8.2 Limits on the Role of LRE
176(1)
8.3 The Browning of Whites' Attitudes
177(4)
8.4 The Nature of Public Policy Opinions
181(3)
8.5 The Real Implications
184(1)
8.6 Final Thoughts
185(2)
Appendix A Sample Details 187(2)
Appendix B Measurement 189(6)
Bibliography 195(20)
Index 215
Mark D. Ramirez is Associate Professor in the School of Politics and Global Studies at Arizona State University. His research has been funded by the Ford Foundation. He is the recipient of the 2018 Adaljiza Sosa-Riddell Award from the American Political Science Association. David A. M. Peterson is Professor and Whitaker-Lindgren Faculty Fellow in Political Science at Iowa State University. He has co-authored two books: Mandate Politics (2007) and Religious Institutions and Minor Parties in the United States (1999). He served as the editor of Political Behavior from 20152018. His work has been supported multiple times by the National Science Foundation and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.