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Insect Pest Management 3rd edition [Minkštas viršelis]

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(FreshTec, UK), (Dent Associates Ltd, UK)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 378 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 189x246x22 mm, weight: 1051 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 13-Nov-2020
  • Leidėjas: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1789241049
  • ISBN-13: 9781789241044
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Insect Pest Management 3rd editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 378 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 189x246x22 mm, weight: 1051 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 13-Nov-2020
  • Leidėjas: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1789241049
  • ISBN-13: 9781789241044
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781789241044.html
Raktažodžiai:
This new, third edition has been thoroughly updated to include all the key principles, methodologies, approaches and practical examples of insect pest management in agricultural, post harvest and horticultural contexts, as well as looking at insects as vectors of disease from a medical and veterinary perspective.

An undergraduate and postgraduate textbook covering the key principles, methodologies, approaches and practical examples of insect pest management in agricultural, post harvest systems, horticulture, insect vectors and medical and veterinary entomology. The book covers the underpinning monitoring and forecasting of pest outbreaks, yield loss and impact assessments and all of the latest methods of control and management of insects from insecticides, host manipulation, plant resistance, biological control, use of interference, agronomic and precision control methods as well as socio-economic and research management aspects of developing integrated approaches to pest management. The new edition also reflects the key advances made in the disciplines of molecular biology, biochemistry and genomics related to insects and their management, as well as the importance and role of biodiversity, climate change, precision agriculture, data management and sustainability of production and supply in delivering integrated management solutions.

Daugiau informacijos

Final year undergraduate and postgraduate students (MSc and PhD) of entomology, crop protection and sustainable pest management; academics involved in sustainable and integrated pest management in agriculture, horticulture, post harvest storage, medical and verterinary entomology.
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiii
1 Introduction
1(11)
1.1 A Brief History of Pest Management
1(5)
1.2 Causes of Pest Outbreaks
6(1)
1.3 The Stakeholders in Pest Management
7(5)
1.3.1 Governments, politics and funding agencies
7(1)
1.3.2 Research scientists
8(1)
1.3.3 Commercial companies
9(1)
1.3.4 Farmers and growers
10(1)
1.3.5 Customers and consumers
11(1)
1.3.6 Balancing costs and benefits
11(1)
2 Sampling, Monitoring and Forecasting
12(27)
2.1 Introduction
12(1)
2.2 Sampling
13(4)
2.2.1 Random, stratified random and systematic sampling
13(1)
2.2.2 Sample size
14(2)
2.2.3 Sample independence and interaction
16(1)
2.3 Population Estimates
17(5)
2.3.1 Absolute estimates
17(1)
2.3.2 Relative estimates
17(2)
2.3.3 Natality
19(1)
2.3.4 Development and growth
19(2)
2.3.5 Survival and mortality
21(1)
2.3.6 Migration
22(1)
2.4 Monitoring Strategies and Objectives
22(4)
2.4.1 Surveys and field-based and fixed-position monitoring
23(1)
2.4.2 Biology and nature of attack
24(1)
2.4.3 Availability and suitability of monitoring techniques
24(2)
2.5 Forecasting
26(10)
2.5.1 Action thresholds
26(1)
2.5.2 Temperature and physiological time
27(3)
2.5.3 Predictive models
30(3)
2.5.4 Geographic information systems
33(3)
2.6 Discussion
36(3)
3 Yield Loss -
39(28)
3.1 Introduction
39(1)
3.2 Approaches and Objectives
39(1)
3.3 Measurement of Yield Loss
40(3)
3.3.1 Pest intensity
40(1)
3.3.2 Types of pest damage
40(3)
3.3.3 Measures of yield and yield loss
43(1)
3.4 Crop Loss Surveys
43(2)
3.5 Plant Growth Analysis and Modelling
45(5)
3.5.1 Crop growth models
47(1)
3.5.2 Modelling plant physiological processes
48(2)
3.6 Manipulative Techniques
50(4)
3.6.1 Artificial infestation
51(1)
3.6.2 Simulated damage
52(1)
3.6.3 Control of initial levels of infestation
52(2)
3.7 Paired-treatment Experiments
54(3)
3.8 Field Trials: Principles
57(3)
3.9 Economics of Yield Loss
60(5)
3.9.1 Infestation and yield loss
61(1)
3.9.2 Economic threshold concept
62(2)
3.9.3 Economic thresholds in practice
64(1)
3.10 Discussion
65(2)
4 Insecticides
67(36)
4.1 Introduction
67(1)
4.2 Objectives and Strategies
67(2)
4.3 Classes of Chemical Insecticides
69(5)
4.3.1 Organochlorines
69(1)
4.3.2 Organophosphates
70(1)
4.3.3 Carbamates
70(1)
4.3.4 Pyrethroids
70(1)
4.3.5 Neonicotinoids -
71(1)
4.3.6 Ryanoids
71(1)
4.3.7 Insect growth regulators
72(1)
4.3.8 New classes and insecticide leads
73(1)
4.4 Formulations
74(2)
4.4.1 Solutions
74(1)
4.4.2 Emulsion concentrates
74(1)
4.4.3 Water-dispersible powders
74(1)
4.4.4 Suspension concentrates
75(1)
4.4.5 Water-dispersible granules
75(1)
4.4.6 Baits
75(1)
4.4.7 Dusts
75(1)
4.4.8 Granules and pellets
75(1)
4.4.9 Fumigants
75(1)
4.4.10 Controlled-release formulations
76(1)
4.4.11 Spray adjuvants
76(1)
4.5 The Target and Transfer of Insecticides
76(8)
4.5.1 Efficacy testing
76(2)
4.5.2 Spray characteristics and droplet deposition
78(2)
4.5.3 Factors influencing the target and pick-up
80(4)
4.6 Application Equipment
84(2)
4.7 The Farmer/User Requirements
86(5)
4.7.1 Ease of use
86(2)
4.7.2 Safety
88(2)
4.7.3 Economic viability
90(1)
4.8 Insecticide Resistance
91(2)
4.9 Ecotoxicology
93(3)
4.9.1 Non-target arthropods
94(1)
4.9.2 Other organisms
95(1)
4.9.3 Fate of insecticides in air, soil and water
95(1)
4.9.4 Insecticide residues
96(1)
4.10 Rational Insecticide Use
96(4)
4.10.1 Timing of insecticide application
96(3)
4.10.2 Dosage and persistence
99(1)
4.10.3 Selective placement
99(1)
4.11 Discussion
100(3)
5 Host Plant Resistance
103(48)
5.1 Introduction
103(1)
5.2 Objectives and Strategies
103(1)
5.3 Genetics of Virulence and Resistance
104(11)
5.3.1 The pathosystem concept
106(2)
5.3.2 The vertical pathosystem
108(2)
5.3.3 The horizontal pathosystem
110(1)
5.3.4 The gene-for-gene model and biotypes
111(3)
5.3.5 Insect effectors and gene-for-gene relationships
114(1)
5.3.6 Durable major gene resistance and horizontal resistance
114(1)
5.4 Breeding Methods
115(18)
5.4.1 Plant breeding schemes
115(2)
5.4.2 Inbred pure lines
117(2)
5.4.3 Open-pollinated populations
119(3)
5.4.4 Hybrids
122(1)
5.4.5 Clonal reproduction
123(1)
5.4.6 Backcross breeding
123(1)
5.4.7 Breeding for horizontal resistance
124(4)
5.4.8 Breeding trials design
128(5)
5.5 Evaluating Resistance
133(9)
5.5.1 Mechanisms of resistance
134(1)
5.5.2 Evaluating antixenosis and antibiosis
134(5)
5.5.3 Morphological and biochemical bases of resistance
139(3)
5.5.4 Diagnostic characters and genetic markers
142(1)
5.6 New Plant-breeding Techniques
142(3)
5.6.1 Techniques in genetic manipulation
143(1)
5.6.2 Genetic manipulation for insect resistance
144(1)
5.7 Delivering Durable Crop Resistance to Insects
145(4)
5.7.1 Gene rotation
145(1)
5.7.2 Pyramiding genes
146(1)
5.7.3 Mixtures and refuges
147(1)
5.7.4 Mechanistic approaches
148(1)
5.8 Discussion
149(2)
6 Biological Control
151(47)
6.1 Introduction
151(1)
6.2 Objectives and Strategies
151(1)
6.3 Micro- and Macrobiological Control Agents
152(5)
6.3.1 Pathogens
152(3)
6.3.2 Predators
155(1)
6.3.3 Parasitoids
156(1)
6.4 Agent Selection
157(3)
6.4.1 Pests and cropping systems
157(2)
6.4.2 Biocontrol agent selection criteria
159(1)
6.5 Predator-Prey Theory and Analytical Models
160(14)
6.5.1 The general model
161(1)
6.5.2 Equilibrium levels
161(3)
6.5.3 Stability
164(5)
6.5.4 Metapopulation dynamics and models
169(1)
6.5.5 Multiple species models
170(1)
6.5.6 Life table analysis
171(3)
6.6 Practical Approaches to the Evaluation of Natural Enemies
174(7)
6.6.1 Field survey, collection and observation
174(1)
6.6.2 Dissection and biochemical techniques
175(3)
6.6.3 Exclusion/inclusion methods
178(2)
6.6.4 Insecticidal check `interference' methods
180(1)
6.6.5 Behavioural and prey enrichment studies
180(1)
6.6.6 Ranking of natural enemies
181(1)
6.7 Classical Biological Control
181(5)
6.7.1 Target pest identification and area of origin
182(1)
6.7.2 Foreign exploration, selection and field evaluation
183(1)
6.7.3 Quarantine and mass production
184(1)
6.7.4 Release and establishment
184(1)
6.7.5 Post-establishment evaluation
185(1)
6.8 Inundation and Biopesticides
186(3)
6.8.1 Biopesticide development
187(1)
6.8.2 Production of pathogens
188(1)
6.8.3 Use of biopesticides
189(1)
6.9 Augmentation and Inoculation with Natural Enemies
189(5)
6.9.1 Mass rearing of natural enemies for release
190(2)
6.9.2 Costs and benefits
192(2)
6.10 Conservation Biological Control
194(2)
6.10.1 Habitat refuges
194(1)
6.10.2 Food sources
195(1)
6.11 Discussion
196(2)
7 Cultural and Interference Methods
198(27)
7.1 Introduction
198(1)
7.2 Approaches and Objectives
199(1)
7.3 Condition of the Host
200(1)
7.4 Modifying the Physical Environment
201(2)
7.4.1 Physical barriers and mulches
203(1)
7.5 Agronomic Practices
203(8)
7.5.1 Crop rotation
204(1)
7.5.2 Tillage practices
205(2)
7.5.3 Planting date
207(2)
7.5.4 Sowing/planting density
209(2)
7.6 Mixed and Intercropping
211(4)
7.6.1 Ecological theory and experimentation
212(3)
7.7 Semiochemicals
215(5)
7.7.1 Types of behaviour-modifying chemicals
216(1)
7.7.2 Mass trapping
217(1)
7.7.3 Mating disruption
218(1)
7.7.4 Lure-and-kill target systems
219(1)
7.7.5 Manipulating natural enemies
219(1)
7.8 Sterile Insect Technique and Autosterilization
220(3)
7.8.1 Autosterilization systems
222(1)
7.9 Discussion
223(2)
8 Legislation, Codes of Conduct and Conventions
225(8)
8.1 Introduction
225(1)
8.2 Quarantine Regulations
225(3)
8.3 Regulation of Pesticides
228(2)
8.4 Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms
230(1)
8.5 The Convention on Biological Diversity
231(1)
8.6 Discussion
231(2)
9 Programme Design, Management and Implementation
233(35)
9.1 Introduction
233(1)
9.2 Defining the Problem
233(5)
9.2.1 Historical profile
233(1)
9.2.2 Seasonal profiles and damage matrices
234(1)
9.2.3 Interaction matrices
235(1)
9.2.4 Decision trees
236(1)
9.2.5 Understanding the farmer
237(1)
9.3 Programme Design
238(7)
9.3.1 Research status analysis
238(1)
9.3.2 Selection of control measures
239(6)
9.3.3 Objectives and strategies
245(1)
9.4 Programme Management
245(7)
9.4.1 Organizational structures
246(1)
9.4.2 Management as an integrating activity
247(4)
9.4.3 Management training for scientists
251(1)
9.5 Delivery of Research Results
252(11)
9.5.1 Simulation models
252(3)
9.5.2 Expert systems
255(1)
9.5.3 Linear programming
256(2)
9.5.4 Goal programming
258(1)
9.5.5 Decision trees
259(2)
9.5.6 Dynamic programming
261(2)
9.6 Implementation and Adoption
263(3)
9.6.1 Conditions for change
264(1)
9.6.2 Reasons for failure to adopt new technologies
265(1)
9.6.3 Agricultural advisory and extension services
265(1)
9.6.4 Farmer field schools
265(1)
9.7 Discussion
266(2)
10 Driving Forces and Future Prospects for IPM
268(23)
10.1 Introduction
268(1)
10.2 Working IPM Systems
268(8)
10.2.1 Pest management in soybean
268(3)
10.2.2 Pest management in cotton
271(4)
10.2.3 Pest management in greenhouse crops
275(1)
10.2.4 Lessons learnt
276(1)
10.3 Panaceas, Paradigms and Pragmatism
276(3)
10.4 Models, Information Technology and Communication Technology in IPM
279(4)
10.5 A Question of Scale?
283(1)
10.5.1 Sustainable use of control measures
283(1)
10.5.2 Levels of integration
283(1)
10.6 Technological Advances and Commerce
284(1)
10.7 Politics, the Public and the Environment
285(2)
10.8 Conclusion
287(4)
10.8.1 The problem
287(1)
10.8.2 A framework for the future
288(1)
10.8.3 And finally
289(2)
References 291(62)
Index 353
David R Dent (Author) - David trained as an agricultural ecologist/entomologist, has invented and commercialized a herbicide adjuvant, managed the development and licensing of the biopesticide Green Muscle for locust control, established the spin-out company Conidia Bioscience Ltd to develop a diagnostic kit for the airline fuel fungus and realized the commercial opportunity offered by a nitrogen fixing endophytic bacteria for substitution of nitrogen fertilizer that lead to the founding of Azotic Technologies Ltd. A former MD of CABI Bioscience, David has a wealth of experience managing international science-based and commercial projects, establishing, raising funds for, and working in spin-out companies, as well advising governments and business on science, technology and innovation.

Richard H Binks (Author) Richard trained as an applied biologist and has spent over 25 years working as an IPM specialist and entomologist in horticulture and agriculture. This included 6 years working with ADAS as an entomologist and crop advisor. Richard is the Managing Director of FreshTec, an Agrotec consultancy business based near Cambridge in the UK. Richard works with international companies that support farmers and growers including Koppert Biological Systems (UK) Ltd where he works with horticultural businesses, helping growers manage and develop bespoke Integrated Pest Management systems. Richard also works with a range of businesses involved in the food chain including fresh produce businesses that supply food retailers.