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El. knyga: Introduction to Rocket Science and Space Exploration

(DRDO/IITM, INDIA)
  • Formatas: 248 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Dec-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000824599
  • Formatas: 248 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Dec-2022
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000824599

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The growing demand of space services for imaging, mobile communication, global positioning systems and disaster management, life extension of satellites by fueling, space station operations, deflecting incoming asteroids, and reducing debris from orbits, requires reusable rockets. The chapters in the book cover understanding of the universe, history of rockets, space missions, satellites, the principle of rocketry, its design and development, rocket technology, the solar system, the environment and protection of earth, and thoughts on Earth 2.0.

Features:











Explores the link between universe, space exploration, and rocketry.





Discusses topics such as protection of the Earth from asteroids, debris, and global warming.





Includes basic methodology to be adopted to design rockets for various applications.





Covers use of multi-objective optimisation to realise a system and differences in design philosophies for satellite launch.





Examines material on environmental protection of the Earth.

This book is aimed at senior undergraduates and professionals in aerospace engineering.
About the Author xv
Foreword xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgements xxi
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(2)
Chapter 2 Origin of the Universe
3(38)
Verse from the Ancient India
3(2)
Hindu Puranas
5(1)
Great Indian Saints (Scientists)
6(2)
Emerging New Scientific Thoughts on the Universe
8(12)
General Theory of Relativity
9(1)
Einstein's Equations
10(2)
Proving Einstein's Theory
12(1)
Proved Einstein's Theories
12(1)
Gravitational Lensing
13(1)
Gravitational Waves
13(1)
Cosmology
13(1)
Big Bang Theory
14(1)
CERN - Finding the GOD Particle
14(1)
Universe after BIG BANG
15(1)
The Redshift - Our Expanding Universe
16(1)
Fundamental Physical Forces
17(1)
Gravity
18(1)
Electromagnetic Force
18(1)
The Weak Nuclear Force
19(1)
The Strong Nuclear Force
19(1)
Unifying Nature
19(1)
Braneworld
20(1)
Muons
20(11)
String Theory
20(1)
Stellar Evolution - Lifecycle of a Star
21(1)
Black Hole
22(3)
Dark Energy and Dark Matter
25(1)
What the Universe Is Made Of
25(1)
Dark Energy
25(1)
Background to Dark Energy
26(1)
Burst of Supernova
26(2)
The Dynamics of Universe - It Will Never Shrink
28(1)
New Dimension
28(1)
Dark Matter
28(2)
Multi-Universe
30(1)
Milky way and Solar System
31(1)
Solar System and Planets
32(3)
KEPLER'S LAWS - Orbits of Planets
32(2)
The Blue Dot - The Earth
34(1)
Origin of Earth
35(4)
Life on Earth
37(2)
Future of Earth
39(1)
Exoplanets
40(1)
Data to Remember
40(1)
Chapter 3 Brief History of Rockets
41(22)
Early Understanding
41(1)
Chinese Fire Arrows
42(1)
First Metal Rockets from India
42(2)
Birth of Modern Rocketry
44(1)
Pioneer of Cosmonautics: Equation
44(1)
Early Rocket Designs
44(1)
Tsiolkovsky, the Father of Astronautics
45(2)
Tsiolkovsky's Rocket Equation
45(2)
Robert H Goddard (1882-1945)
47(2)
Hermann Oberth (1894-1989)
49(2)
Space Odyssey
51(3)
Orbiting Satellite
51(2)
Yuri Gagarin
53(1)
Man on Moon
54(1)
Space Shuttle
55(1)
Space Stations
55(1)
China's Tiangong Space Station
56(1)
Satellites in Brief (Details in Separate
Chapter)
56(1)
Earth Observation Satellites
56(1)
Communication, Navigation
56(1)
Satellite Launch Vehicles
57(1)
ISRO
57(1)
Launch Vehicles of the World
58(3)
World Rockets at a Glance
61(2)
Chapter 4 Rocket Principles
63(18)
What Is a Rocket? Basic Rocket Science
63(1)
Principle
63(2)
Newton's Laws of Motion
65(3)
Newton's First Law - "The Law of Inertia"
65(1)
Newton's Second Law - "F = ma"
66(2)
Newton's Third Law - "The Law of Action and Reaction"
68(1)
Forces on a Rocket during Initial Flight
68(2)
Centre of Gravity and Centre of Pressure
69(1)
The Rocket Equation
70(8)
Thrust of Rocket
70(2)
Acceleration
72(1)
Total Impulse
73(1)
Specific Impulse
73(1)
Incremental Velocity - The Ideal Rocket Equation (ref. NASA)
74(3)
Valid Assumptions for an Ideal Rocket
77(1)
Staging/Multistage Rockets
78(3)
Chapter 5 Rocket Systems Development
81(34)
Rocket Subsystems and Components
81(2)
Propulsion
83(7)
Solid Propellant Rocket
83(1)
Large Solid Propellant Booster
83(2)
Burn Rate
85(2)
Liquid Propellant Rockets
87(1)
Pressure-Fed System
88(1)
Types of Liquid Propulsion
89(1)
Cryogenic Rocket Engines (LOX +LH2)
90(6)
Semi-cryogenic Rocket Engines
92(1)
ISRO Semi-cryogenic Engine (SCE-200)
93(3)
Liquid Ramjet Propulsion
96(4)
Supersonic-Combustion Ramjet (Scramjet)
98(1)
Scramjet Research
99(1)
Mach Number vs. Specific Impulse
100(1)
Re-usability of Booster
100(1)
Structure
101(1)
Mass Fraction
101(2)
Materials
103(1)
Upper Stages
104(1)
Casing for Liquid Propellant Stages
105(1)
Aluminam-Lithium Casing for Falcon 9 (2010)
105(1)
Control System
105(2)
Types of Control
106(1)
Different Types of Controls
107(2)
Control for PSLV Type LV
109(1)
Satellite Attitude Control
109(1)
Flex Nozzle
109(1)
Navigation and Guidance
110(1)
Function
111(1)
Inertial Guidance System
111(1)
SINS (Stabilised Platform INS)
111(3)
Guidance Sensors Accuracy and Applications
114(1)
Chapter 6 Rocket Design Methodology, Test and Evaluation, World Launch Sites
115(14)
Launch Vehicle Design Methodology
115(1)
SLV-3
116(4)
Launch Vehicle Design - A Simplified Form
116(1)
Rocket Systems
117(1)
Check-Out
118(1)
Control System
118(1)
Guidance
118(1)
Trajectory Design
118(1)
Sequence of Tasks Before Flight
118(1)
Development of Design and Operations Software for SLV-3
119(1)
Trajectory Design of ISRO's Mars Mission
120(2)
Geo Centric Phase
120(1)
Helio-Centric Phase
120(1)
Martian Phase
121(1)
Human Mission to Mars (Inter Planetary Travel)
122(2)
Wind Tunnel Testing and CFD
123(1)
The Final Choice is Space Launch System (SLS) for Moon, Mars
123(1)
Van Allen Radiation Belts
124(1)
World Launch Sites
124(5)
Chapter 7 Satellites, Orbits and Missions
129(20)
Satellites
129(1)
SPUTNIK-1 and the Dawn of the Space Age
129(1)
Importance of Satellites
130(1)
Orbit
130(2)
Orbital Velocity of Satellite
131(1)
Minimum Orbit - First Cosmic Velocity
131(1)
Satellite Orbits
132(5)
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
132(1)
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
133(1)
Polar Orbit
133(1)
Geo Stationary Orbit (Arthur C. Clarke Orbit)
133(3)
Velocity Requirement for Orbits and Escape from Earth
136(1)
Satellites in Orbit
137(1)
Mission Planning
137(1)
Satellite Applications
138(1)
Earth Observation Satellites
139(1)
Navigation
140(1)
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite Systems (IRNSS)-NavIC
140(1)
Small Satellites
141(1)
Space Environment Hazards
142(1)
Private Space Operators
142(1)
Space-X
142(1)
Starlink
142(1)
Star Ship
143(1)
Blue Origin
143(3)
Other Types of Satellites
143(3)
Human Space Missions
146(3)
Chapter 8 Advances in Space Technologies
149(28)
Can We Travel Faster than Light?
149(1)
Electric Propulsion
150(1)
The Need
150(1)
Types of Electric Propulsion
151(1)
Electrothermal Engine
151(1)
Resitojet
152(10)
Electromagnetic/Plasma Engine
153(1)
MHD Engine
153(1)
Electrostatic Thrusters
153(1)
Ion Thruster
154(1)
Hall Effect Thruster
155(1)
HET Principle of Operation
156(1)
Propellants
157(1)
Xenon
157(1)
Krypton
157(1)
Cylindrical Hall Thrusters
158(1)
External Discharge Hall Thruster
158(1)
Nanotechnology in Electric Propulsion Thrusters
159(1)
Magneto Plasma Rocket Propulsion (NASA)
160(2)
Nuclear Propulsion Rockets for Space Missions
162(3)
A NERVA Solid-core Design
162(2)
Liquid Core
164(1)
Gas Core - Closed Cycle and Open Cycle Figure 8.9
164(1)
Bimodal Nuclear Thermal Rockets
165(1)
Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP)
165(2)
Laser Propulsion
167(1)
Solar and Laser Powered Interstellar Sail
167(7)
Hypersonic Transportation
168(2)
Low-Cost Access to Space
170(1)
Clean Energy Through Space
171(1)
Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Spacecraft Development
172(1)
Autonomous Systems
172(1)
NASA's Autonomous Science Experiment
173(1)
Artificial Intelligence Flight Adviser
173(1)
Stereo Vision for Collision Avoidance
173(1)
Benefits of AI
174(1)
Robotic Spacecraft Development
174(1)
Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators
174(1)
Establish Lunar Industry
174(2)
Space Frontiers
176(1)
Chapter 9 Environment: Protection of Earth and Sustainable Development
177(22)
Challenges for the Space Community
177(1)
Threats from Outer Space
178(5)
Protection of Earth from Risky Asteroids
179(1)
Asteroids Collision Avoidance Strategies
179(1)
Clearing the Space Debris
180(3)
New Business Venture
183(1)
Space Systems Awareness and Comprehensive Space Security
183(1)
Space Weather
184(1)
Man-Contributed Threats on Land
184(7)
Population Increase
184(1)
Global Warming
185(2)
Consequences of Global Warming
187(1)
Ozone Depletion
187(1)
C02 Concentration
188(1)
Temperature Increase
189(1)
Temperature Profile
190(1)
Positive Actions
190(1)
Geospatial Technologies for Sustainable Development and Empowerment
191(8)
Agriculture
191(1)
Precision Farming
192(1)
Basic Technologies Used in Precision Farming
193(1)
Information on Growth Stages
194(1)
Field Zoning Based on the Productivity Level
194(1)
Internet of Things
194(1)
Geographic Information Systems
194(1)
Fishing
195(1)
Water and Land Resources
196(1)
Bhuvan - A Unique Gateway to Indian Earth Observation Data and Services
196(1)
Geo-Spatial Pyramid
197(1)
Clean Energy Generation
197(2)
Chapter 10 Exoplanets, Earth 2.0
199(10)
Exoplanets in Liveable Zones
199(7)
KEPLER-186f
199(1)
KEPLER-62f
200(1)
KEPLER-62e
201(1)
KEPLER-69c
202(1)
KEPLER-22b
202(1)
TRAPPIST-1
203(3)
Probable Earth 2.0
206(3)
TRAPPIST-1 Planets
206(1)
Proxima b
207(1)
TOI 700 d
208(1)
Epilogue 209(2)
Glossary 211(4)
References 215(8)
Index 223
A. Sivathanu Pillai graduated in Engineering in 1969, and then worked in ISRO and DRDO during the last five decades, under aerospace leaders Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, Prof. Satish Dhawan and Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. He was also visiting professor in IISc and IITs. His active participation in the development of Satellite Launch vehicles and Guided missiles made him to specialise in Multi disciplinary technology projects, Rocket Technology, Aerospace Systems, Institution Build up and Advanced system engineering and Program management. Dr. Pillais skills in networking multiple institutions for the development of critical missile technologies overcoming denial regimes (Missile Technology Control Regime) enabled realization of strategic missiles. Dr. Pillai was the Architect and Founder CEO & MD of BrahMos Aerospace, which is a unique Joint Venture, first of its kind between India and Russia to design, develop, produce, and market the most advanced supersonic cruise missile, BRAHMOS, which has been inducted in the Indian Armed Forces, as a major strike weapon.

Fifteen academic institutions in India and abroad have recognised Prof. Pillais scientific contributions and awarded Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa). He is a recipient of many prestigious national and international awards and Fellowships, most importantly Padma Bhushan (2013) and Padma Shri (2002) by Government of India, Order of Friendship (2013) by the Government of Russian Federation. Prof. Pillai has written ten books including, The success mantra of BRAHMOS, 40 years with Abdul Kalam Untold Stories, Revolution in Leadership, Nano Science and Nano Technology for Engineering and co-authored with Dr. Abdul Kalam for the books (a) Envisioning an Empowered Nation and (b) Thoughts for Change we can do it (Defining 10 futuristic technologies).