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ix | |
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xi | |
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xii | |
Preface to sixth edition |
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xiii | |
Preface to fifth edition |
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xiv | |
Preface to fourth edition |
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xv | |
Preface to third edition |
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xvi | |
Preface to second edition |
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xvii | |
Preface to first edition |
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xviii | |
Authors'acknowledgements |
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xx | |
The online componion |
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xxii | |
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1 What do sociolinguists study? |
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1 | (20) |
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1 | (2) |
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Why do we say the same thing in different ways? |
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3 | (1) |
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What are the different ways we say things? |
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4 | (6) |
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Social factors, dimensions, and explanations |
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10 | (11) |
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Part I Multilingual speech communities |
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21 | (162) |
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2 Language choice in multilingual communities |
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23 | (51) |
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Choosing your variety or code |
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23 | (9) |
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32 | (10) |
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Code-switching or code-mixing and translanguaging |
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42 | (32) |
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3 Language maintenance and shift |
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74 | (35) |
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Language shift in different communities |
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74 | (8) |
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Language death and language loss |
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82 | (3) |
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Factors contributing to language shift |
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85 | (5) |
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How can a minority language be maintained? |
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90 | (4) |
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94 | (15) |
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4 Linguistic varieties and multilingual nations |
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109 | (31) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (5) |
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116 | (4) |
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120 | (20) |
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5 National languages, language policy, and language planning |
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140 | (43) |
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National and official languages |
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142 | (6) |
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Planning for a national official language |
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148 | (9) |
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Linguistic landscapes in social and political context |
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157 | (2) |
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The linguist's role in language planning |
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159 | (8) |
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167 | (16) |
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Part II Language variation: focus on users |
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183 | (146) |
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6 Regional and social dialects |
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185 | (37) |
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186 | (9) |
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195 | (2) |
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197 | (18) |
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215 | (7) |
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222 | (36) |
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Gender-exclusive speech differences: highly structured communities |
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222 | (5) |
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Gender-preferential speech features: variantionist sociolinguistics |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (3) |
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Explanations for women's linguistic behaviour |
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231 | (11) |
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Age-graded features of speech |
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242 | (3) |
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Age and social dialect data |
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245 | (3) |
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Age grading and language change |
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248 | (10) |
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8 Ethnicity and social networks |
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258 | (29) |
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258 | (13) |
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271 | (16) |
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287 | (42) |
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288 | (9) |
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How do language changes spread? |
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297 | (5) |
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How do we study language change? |
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302 | (4) |
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Reasons for language change |
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306 | (23) |
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Interlude: identity in sociolinguistics |
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329 | (8) |
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Sociolinguistics and identity |
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329 | (2) |
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331 | (6) |
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Part III Language variation: focus on uses |
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337 | (292) |
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10 Style, context, and register |
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339 | (48) |
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Addressee as an influence on style |
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340 | (7) |
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347 | (6) |
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Context, style, and social class |
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353 | (11) |
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Style in non-English speaking societies |
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364 | (6) |
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370 | (17) |
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11 Speech functions, politeness, and cross-cultural communication |
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387 | (37) |
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388 | (11) |
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Identity construction: a more abstract function of interaction |
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399 | (1) |
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Politeness and address forms |
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400 | (11) |
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Linguistic politeness in different cultures |
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411 | (13) |
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12 Gender, politeness, and stereotypes |
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424 | (46) |
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"Women's language" and confidence |
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424 | (12) |
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436 | (6) |
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442 | (4) |
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The linguistic construction of gender identity |
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446 | (3) |
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The linguistic construction of sexuality |
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449 | (3) |
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452 | (18) |
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13 Language, cognition, and culture |
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470 | (34) |
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471 | (5) |
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Whorf: the relationship between language and thought |
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476 | (7) |
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Linguistic categories and culture |
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483 | (6) |
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Discourse patterns and culture |
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489 | (4) |
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Language, social class, and cognition |
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493 | (11) |
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504 | (64) |
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Pragmatics and politeness theory |
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505 | (10) |
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515 | (9) |
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Interactional sociolinguistics |
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524 | (6) |
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Conversation Analysis (CA) |
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530 | (12) |
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Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) |
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542 | (10) |
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552 | (16) |
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15 Attitudes and applications |
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568 | (42) |
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568 | (20) |
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Sociolinguistics and education |
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588 | (8) |
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Sociolinguistics and forensic linguistics |
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596 | (14) |
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610 | (19) |
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Sociolinguistic competence |
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611 | (9) |
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Dimensions of sociolinguistic analysis |
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620 | (4) |
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Sociolinguistic universals |
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624 | (5) |
References |
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629 | (35) |
Appendix: phonetic symbols |
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664 | (2) |
Sociolinguistics: key words and concepts |
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666 | (28) |
Index |
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694 | |