Preface |
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xii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xiv | |
About the Authors |
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xv | |
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PART I UNDERSTANDING JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY |
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1 | (48) |
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Chapter 1 History of the Juvenile Justice System |
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2 | (12) |
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3 | (1) |
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Changing Perceptions of Children Over Time |
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4 | (4) |
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In the Media 1.1: Changing Views of Adolescents |
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5 | (1) |
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Children and the Criminal Justice System |
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5 | (1) |
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Case Study: Ingraham v. Wright, 430 U.S. 651 (1977) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Creation of the Juvenile Court |
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8 | (2) |
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Parens Patriae and the Juvenile Court |
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10 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 1.1: Parens Patriae and the Juvenile Court |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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13 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 Measurement of Juvenile Crime |
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14 | (16) |
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15 | (1) |
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Age-Crime Curve and Stages of Delinquency |
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16 | (1) |
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Juvenile Arrest Statistics |
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17 | (1) |
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Case Study: Montgomery v. Louisiana, 577 U.S. 503 (2016) |
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18 | (2) |
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Juvenile Court Statistics |
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20 | (1) |
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Reports of Juveniles in Custody |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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Navigating the Field 2.1: Self-Report Studies |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (4) |
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In the Media 2.1: Families and Schools Together (FAST) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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29 | (1) |
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Chapter 3 Theories of Delinquency |
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30 | (19) |
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31 | (1) |
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The Importance of Theory and Research |
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32 | (1) |
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The Classical School and Biological Theories |
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32 | (5) |
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Contemporary Applications of the Classical School |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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Case Study: In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970) |
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35 | (2) |
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In the Media 3.1: Free Will and the Classical School |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (2) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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Mental Illness and Mental Disability |
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38 | (1) |
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Developmental and Sociological Explanations |
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39 | (6) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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Navigating the Field 3.1: Techniques of Neutralization |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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47 | (2) |
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PART II NAVIGATING THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM |
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49 | (62) |
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Chapter 4 Juveniles and the Police |
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50 | (16) |
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51 | (1) |
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History of Police Interaction With Juveniles |
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52 | (1) |
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The Current Role of Police in the Juvenile Justice System |
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53 | (1) |
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Snapshot of Police-Youth Interactions |
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53 | (1) |
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Police Discretion and the Handling of Juveniles |
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54 | (1) |
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Constitutional Rights of Juveniles |
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54 | (3) |
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Applying the Fourth Amendment |
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55 | (1) |
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In the Media 4.1: A Witch Hunt for Drugs |
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56 | (1) |
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Applying the Fifth Amendment |
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56 | (1) |
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Tools Used by Law Enforcement During Investigation |
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57 | (1) |
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Trends in Juvenile Arrests |
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58 | (1) |
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Police and Juvenile Relationships and Attitudes |
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59 | (2) |
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59 | (1) |
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Case Study: J.D.B. v. North Carolina, 564 U.S. 261 (2011) |
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60 | (1) |
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Weighing Juvenile Opinions |
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60 | (1) |
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Proactive Police Methods of Preventing Juvenile Crime |
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61 | (2) |
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Specialized Interventions |
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61 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 41: Safe Streets Baltimore |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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65 | (1) |
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Chapter 5 The Juvenile Court System |
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66 | (26) |
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67 | (1) |
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Navigating the Juvenile Court System and Its Stakeholders |
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68 | (1) |
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Pretrial Steps in the Juvenile Court Process |
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69 | (4) |
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In the Media 5.1: Pennsylvania's "Kids-for-Cash" Judges |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Pretrial Release and Preventive Detention |
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71 | (1) |
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Navigating the Field 5.1' The Equal Justice Initiative |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Adjudicatory and Dispositional Hearings |
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73 | (3) |
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The Option of the Plea Bargain |
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74 | (1) |
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Juvenile Sentencing Options |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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Constitutional Protections of Juveniles |
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76 | (2) |
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Juvenile Transfer Proceedings |
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78 | (7) |
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Case Study: Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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Types of Juvenile Offenders |
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85 | (3) |
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85 | (1) |
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Juveniles Supervised by Multiple Agencies |
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86 | (1) |
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Youths in Prison and Youthful Offender Programs |
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87 | (1) |
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Juveniles, Capital Punishment, and the Law |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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90 | (2) |
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Chapter 6 The Juvenile Corrections System |
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92 | (19) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (3) |
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95 | (1) |
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Applying the Sixth Amendment to Juveniles on Probation |
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96 | (1) |
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Intermediate Correctional Options for Juveniles |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (5) |
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Short-Term Institutionalization Options |
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98 | (2) |
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Long-Term Institutionalization Options |
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100 | (1) |
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Case Study: Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. 460 (2012) |
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101 | (2) |
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In the Media 6.1: Training Schools |
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103 | (1) |
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Legal Rights of Institutionalized Youths |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (4) |
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105 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 6.1: Big Brothers Big Sisters of America |
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107 | (1) |
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Intervention Strategies in Aftercare |
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107 | (1) |
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Responsibilities of Aftercare Officers |
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107 | (1) |
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Looking Into the Future of Juvenile Correctional Reform |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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110 | (1) |
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PART III JUVENILE BEHAVIORS |
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111 | (56) |
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Chapter 7 Juveniles and Gangs |
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112 | (14) |
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113 | (1) |
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A History of American Gangs |
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114 | (1) |
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Contemporary Gangs in the United States |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (2) |
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In the Media 7.1: The Comprehensive Gang Model |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Case Study: Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48 (2010) |
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120 | (1) |
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Gang Presence in Our Schools |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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Navigating the Field 7.1: Project BUILD |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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125 | (1) |
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Chapter 8 Juveniles and Violence |
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126 | (14) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (2) |
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Risks and Protective Factors |
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128 | (2) |
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In the Media 8.1: Does Hate Always Lead to Violence? |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (2) |
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Case Study: Breed v. Jones, 421 U.S. 519 (1975) |
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131 | (1) |
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School Violence and Victimization in Elementary and Secondary Education Settings |
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132 | (3) |
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132 | (2) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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Juvenile Violence and the Media |
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135 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 8.1: Operation Ceasefire |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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138 | (2) |
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Chapter 9 Juveniles and Cybercrime |
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140 | (12) |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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Online Sexual Offenses Between Romantic Partners |
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145 | (1) |
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In the Media 9.1: Child Pornography and Sexting |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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Case Study: Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969) |
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146 | (1) |
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Revenge Porn and Sextortion |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 9.1: District of Columbia v. Cleveland (2014) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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151 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 Juvenile Drug Use |
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152 | (15) |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (7) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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In the Media 10.1: Hope for the Future? |
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157 | (2) |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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Case Study: Vernonia School District v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646 (1995) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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Substance Abuse Treatment for Juveniles |
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163 | (2) |
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Navigating the Field 10.1: The D.A.R.E. Program |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (14) |
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Chapter 11 Effective Programs for Juveniles |
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168 | (13) |
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169 | (1) |
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Evidence-Based Strategies in Juvenile Justice |
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170 | (1) |
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Databanks of Evidence-Based Programs |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (8) |
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In the Media 11.1: Evidence-Based Practice |
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172 | (1) |
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Effective and Promising Juvenile Programming |
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173 | (2) |
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Case Study: The Supreme Court of You |
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175 | (1) |
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Ineffective Juvenile Programming |
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176 | (3) |
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Navigating the Field 11.1 NPR's Podcast Series Caught |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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Exploring Juvenile Justice Further |
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180 | (1) |
Appendix A Girls in the Juvenile Justice System |
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181 | (24) |
Appendix B 5 Ways Law Enforcement Agencies Can Use Data on Juveniles |
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205 | (2) |
Appendix C Gangs in Schools |
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207 | (15) |
Appendix D Juvenile Justice Model Data Project |
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222 | (10) |
Glossary |
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232 | (6) |
Notes |
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238 | (9) |
Index |
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247 | |