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El. knyga: Large Hadron Collider: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Universe

  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Jul-2010
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781441956682
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Jul-2010
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781441956682

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It may at first seem that the world of subatomic physics is far removed from our every day lives. Isnt it all just a waste of time and taxpayers' money? Hopefully, all who read this book will come to a different conclusion. Collider physics is all about our origins, and this aspect alone makes it worthy of our very best attention. The experiments conducted within the vast collider chambers are at the forefront of humanitys quest to unweave the great tapestry that is the universe. Everything is connected. Within the macrocosm is the microcosm. By knowing how matter is structured, how atoms and elementary particles interact, and what forces control the interactions between the particles, we discover further clues as to why the universe is the way it is, and we uncover glimpses of how everything came into being.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), in the process of coming online at CERN, is the worlds largest and most complex machine. It represents the pinnacle of human ingenuity, and its physical characteristics, costs, and workings astound us at every turn.

We are literally humbled by the machine that has been produced through a grand international collaboration of scientists. This book is about what those scientists hope to discover with the LHC, for hopes do run high, and there is much at stake. Careers, reputations and prestigious science prizes will be realized, and possibly lost, in the wake of the results that the LHC will produce. And there are risks, real and imagined. The LHC will probe the very fabric of matter and it will help us understand the very weft and the weave of the universe.

Recenzijos

From the reviews:

Beech (Univ. of Regina, Canada) has written this work for general readers who are interested in the construction and purpose of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). it provides a very good description of the physics that the LHC hopes to explore. One can consider the work an examination of modern particle physics and cosmology that uses the LHC as a unifier. Summing Up: Recommended. General readers and lower-division undergraduates. (E. Kincanon, Choice, Vol. 48 (5), January, 2011)

1 The Story of Matter
1(40)
A Few Searching Questions
1(4)
The Smallest of Things
5(4)
Mysterium Cosmographicum
9(2)
A Particle Primer
11(10)
Thomson's Plum Pudding and an Unexpected Rebound
12(3)
The Quantum World and the Bohr Atom
15(6)
The New Quantum Mechanics
21(8)
Exclusion
23(1)
Fermi's Little Neutron
24(5)
Three Quarks for Muster Mark!
29(2)
Building the Universe
31(7)
The Matter Alphabet
31(1)
We Are of the Stars
32(6)
The Hubble Deep Field
38(2)
Moving Forwards
40(1)
2 The World's Most Complicated Machine
41(30)
The End of the Beginning
42(4)
Disappointment and Setback
46(2)
Court Case Number 1:2008cv00136
48(2)
Afterwards
50(1)
Overview: A Proton's Journey
51(5)
The Journey to the LHC
56(1)
Collider Basics
57(5)
The Detectors
62(9)
3 The Standard Model, the Higgs, and Beyond
71(20)
Generation the First-An Acrostic
71(3)
Feeling the Force
74(4)
The Higgs Field-Achieving Mass
78(1)
Feynman Diagrams
79(3)
Searching for the Higgs
82(4)
Supersymmetry
86(2)
Exotica: Going Up, Going Down
88(3)
4 The Big Bang and the First 380,000 Years
91(30)
The Big Bang
95(3)
The Critical Density and Ω
98(1)
The Microwave Background
99(4)
Primordial Nucleosynthesis
103(2)
Inflation, Flatness, Horizons, and a Free Lunch
105(5)
The Quark-Gluon Plasma
110(3)
ALICE: In Experimental Wonderland
113(2)
Matter/Antimatter: It Matters!
115(2)
Getting to the Bottom of Things
117(4)
5 Dark Matters
121(42)
Interstellar Matters
122(4)
Where Are We?
126(2)
Unraveling the Nebula Mystery
128(2)
The Galaxy Zoo
130(2)
The Local Group
132(1)
Galaxy Clusters
133(2)
Where's the Missing Mass?
135(2)
All in a Spin: Dark Matter Found
137(5)
Gravitational Lenses and Anamorphic Galaxies
142(5)
Some Dark Matter Candidates
147(10)
The Neutralino
147(2)
Looking for MACHOs
149(1)
DAMA Finds WIMPS, Maybe
149(2)
CDMS Sees Two, Well, Maybe
151(1)
Bubbles at COUPP
151(2)
CHAMPs and SIMPs
153(2)
PAMELA Finds an Excess
155(1)
Fermi's Needle in a Haystack
156(1)
ADMX
157(1)
Euclid's Dark Map
157(2)
The MOND Alternative
159(1)
Dark Stars and Y(4140)
160(3)
6 Dark Energy and an Accelerating Universe
163(26)
The Measure of the Stars
165(2)
An Expanding Universe
167(2)
Death Throes and Distance
169(1)
Future Sun-Take One
170(2)
The Degenerate World of White Dwarfs
172(3)
Future Sun-Take Two
175(2)
The Case of IK Pegasus B
177(2)
High-Z Supernova Surveys
179(1)
Dark Energy and ΛCDM Cosmology
180(4)
A Distant Darkness
184(2)
Testing Copernicus
186(3)
7 The Waiting Game
189(34)
Hoping for the Unexpected
189(1)
Massive Star Evolution
190(8)
The Strange Case of RXJ1856.5-3754 and Pulsar 3C58
198(5)
Small, Dark, and Many Dimensioned
203(8)
This Magnet Has Only One Pole!
211(3)
These Rays Are Truly Cosmic
214(4)
Looking Forward to LHCf
218(1)
The King is Dead! Long Live the King!
219(4)
Appendix A Units and Constants 223(2)
Appendix B Acronym List 225(4)
Appendix C Glossary of Technical Terms 229(4)
Index 233
Dr. Martin Beech is a full professor of astronomy at Campion College at The University of Regina in Saskatchewan, Canada. He has published many scientific research papers on stellar structure and evolution and several books on astronomy. Asteroid 12343 has been named in recognition of his research on meteors and meteorites. This is Beechs third book for Springer. He has already published Rejuvenating the Sun and Avoiding Other Global Catastrophes (2008) and Terraforming: The Creating of Habitable Worlds (2009).