Acknowledgements |
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viii | |
Preface |
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ix | |
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Introduction: Why Study the Law as a Criminologist? |
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xii | |
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What Determines a Criminal Today? |
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1 | (15) |
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Making distinctions between crime and deviance |
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2 | (4) |
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The changing nature of criminal offences |
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6 | (2) |
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Measuring crime and criminality |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (2) |
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The Legal System of England and Wales |
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16 | (18) |
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16 | (4) |
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Court structure and key personnel |
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20 | (10) |
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The Legal Defence Services |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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The Legal Systems of Scotland and Northern Ireland |
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34 | (20) |
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35 | (2) |
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The Scottish court structure and key personnel |
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37 | (3) |
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Scottish criminal procedure |
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40 | (3) |
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History of the Troubles in Northern Ireland |
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43 | (2) |
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Institutions in Northern Ireland |
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45 | (1) |
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Northern Ireland court structure and key personnel |
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46 | (5) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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European Union Law and EU Law Enforcement |
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54 | (17) |
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History of the European Union |
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55 | (1) |
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European Union institutions |
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56 | (3) |
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Sources of European Union law |
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59 | (4) |
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EU law enforcement, asylum and immigration policy |
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63 | (5) |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (28) |
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Elements of a crime: actus reus and mens rea |
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71 | (5) |
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76 | (1) |
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Homicide: murder and manslaughter |
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77 | (6) |
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Offences against the person |
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83 | (4) |
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The Sexual Offences Act 2003 and its implications |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (6) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (20) |
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The functions of the Home Office and the Ministry of Justice |
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100 | (1) |
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Policing in England and Wales |
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100 | (3) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Policing in Northern Ireland |
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104 | (1) |
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The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) in England and Wales |
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105 | (5) |
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Summary trial in the magistrates' courts and mode of trial |
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110 | (4) |
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Trial on indictment in the crown court |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (1) |
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The Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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Punishment and Sentencing |
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119 | (19) |
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Punishment theories and sentencing |
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120 | (2) |
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Community justice in England and Wales |
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122 | (3) |
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Imprisonment in England and Wales |
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125 | (5) |
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Offender management in Scotland |
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130 | (1) |
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The Northern Ireland Prison Service |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (16) |
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138 | (4) |
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The European Court of Human Rights |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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The International Criminal Court in The Hague |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (2) |
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The death penalty or life imprisonment? |
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147 | (4) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (18) |
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154 | (2) |
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Youth courts in England and Wales |
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156 | (2) |
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Dangerousness and bad character |
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158 | (2) |
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Sentencing young offenders |
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160 | (1) |
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Youth justice in Scotland |
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161 | (1) |
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Youth justice in Northern Ireland |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (2) |
Appendix 1 Table of Statutes |
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172 | (9) |
Appendix 2 Table of Cases |
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181 | (7) |
Appendix 3 Glossary of Criminological and Legal Terms |
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188 | (18) |
Appendix 4 Useful websites and internet sources |
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206 | (3) |
Bibliography |
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209 | (9) |
Index |
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218 | |