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Legal Research and Writing Handbook: A Basic Approach for Paralegals, Fifth Edition 5th Revised ed. [Minkštas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 595 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 251x175x28 mm, weight: 916 g, Illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Dec-2008
  • Leidėjas: Aspen Publishers Inc.,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 0735567387
  • ISBN-13: 9780735567382
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Legal Research and Writing Handbook: A Basic Approach for Paralegals, Fifth Edition 5th Revised ed.Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 595 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 251x175x28 mm, weight: 916 g, Illustrations
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Dec-2008
  • Leidėjas: Aspen Publishers Inc.,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 0735567387
  • ISBN-13: 9780735567382
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780735567382.html
Raktažodžiai:
Yelin (Loyola U.) and Samborn (no background information given) offer an updated and expanded fifth edition of their manual on legal research and writing basics. The clearly-written manual takes a step-by-step approach and includes illustrations, examples, and practice tips. New to the fifth edition are updated text and illustrations, expanded and simplified discussions of case briefing and analysis, more exercises on briefing cases, and more Internet-based research exercises. Also, Internet research is integrated into the research process in the new edition. Annotation ©2009 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
List of Illustrations
xxxiii
Preface xxxix
Acknowledgments xli
PART 1 LEGAL RESEARCH
1(177)
Introduction to Legal Research
3(16)
Chapter Overview
3(1)
Introduction to Legal Research and Writing
4(1)
The Role of the Paralegal in Legal Research and Writing
4(1)
Why Do Paralegals Perform Research?
4(1)
What Tasks Do Paralegals Handle in the Legal Research and Writing Process?
4(1)
What Are You Trying to Accomplish with Your Research?
5(1)
Introduction to the U.S. Legal System
5(14)
The Organization of the Legal System
5(1)
How Did the Federal and State Systems Originate?
6(1)
Components of the Federal System and Governing Law
6(1)
The Legislative Branch
6(1)
How Is a Law Created?
7(1)
The Executive Branch
7(2)
The Judicial Branch
9(1)
Who Can Bring an Action in Federal Court?
10(1)
The Trial Courts
11(1)
The Appellate Courts
11(1)
The Supreme Court
12(1)
Relationship Between Federal and State Governments
12(1)
Can a Federal Court Decide an Issue of State Law?
12(2)
What Effect Does a Federal Decision Have on State Law?
14(1)
Are Federal and State Agencies Part of One Governing Body?
14(1)
Organization of State Governments
14(1)
What Are the Duties of the State Courts?
15(1)
Can State Courts Decide Issues of Federal Law?
16(1)
Chapter Summary
16(1)
Key Terms
16(1)
Exercises
17(2)
What Law Governs
19(16)
Chapter Overview
19(1)
Determination of Governing Law
20(5)
Jurisdiction
20(1)
What Factors Determine Which Jurisdiction Governs Your Case?
20(1)
Precedent
20(1)
Hierarchy of Authorities
21(1)
Currency
21(1)
Levels of Court
22(1)
Conflicting Decisions Between Circuits
23(1)
State and Federal Decisions Concerning an Issue
24(1)
Conflicts in Federal and State Authority
24(1)
State Court Decisions
25(1)
Dicta
25(1)
Goal of Your Research
25(10)
Primary Authority
25(1)
How Do You Determine Whether a Case Is Mandatory or Binding?
26(1)
Secondary Authority
27(1)
Finding Tools
28(1)
Hybrid Sources of Authority
28(1)
Nonlegal Sources
29(1)
In-Class Exercises
29(1)
Chapter Summary
30(1)
Key Terms
30(1)
Exercises
31(4)
Court Decisions
35(40)
Chapter Overview
35(1)
Reporters
35(40)
Slip Opinions
36(1)
Where Can You Get a Slip Opinion?
36(3)
Supreme Court Slip Opinions
39(1)
Other Slip Opinions
40(1)
How Are Slip Opinions Cited?
40(1)
Advance Sheets
40(1)
Bound Reporters
40(1)
U.S. Supreme Court Decisions
40(1)
Is U.S. Supreme Court Docket Information Available on the Internet?
41(1)
What Happens If the Language of a Decision in the Commercial Reporters Varies from the Language in U.S. Reports?
41(1)
Why Use the Commercial Reporters Rather Than the Official Reports?
41(6)
How Do You Locate a Reported Case?
47(6)
How Are U.S. Supreme Court Cases Cited?
53(1)
Other Federal Case Reports
53(1)
Where Do You Find Decisions of Other Federal Courts?
53(1)
How Are Federal Reporter and Federal Supplement Decisions Cited?
54(1)
Are Decisions Published in Any Other Reporters?
55(1)
Computerized Reporting
55(1)
Can You Find Decisions on the Internet and Through Fee-Based Computer Services?
55(5)
How Do You Know Whether a Case Is Published or Only Available Online?
60(1)
How Are Decisions Reported Only on Westlaw or Lexis Cited?
60(1)
State Reporters
61(1)
Where Can You Find State Court Decisions?
61(1)
Are There Any Unofficial Reports of State Cases?
61(1)
Why Would You Use the Regional Reporter Rather Than the Official State Reporter?
62(1)
How Are State Cases Cited?
62(10)
Chapter Summary
72(1)
Key Terms
73(1)
Exercises
73(2)
Digests
75(40)
Chapter Overview
75(1)
Content of Digests and Organization
76(6)
What Are Digests, and What Do They Contain?
76(1)
Headnotes and Key Numbers
77(1)
Types of Digests
78(1)
Organization of Digests
79(1)
How Are Digest Systems Organized?
79(3)
Step-By-Step Guide to the Digest System
82(33)
How Do You Use a Digest System?
82(1)
Descriptive Word Index Method
82(1)
What Is the Descriptive Word Index Method?
82(4)
Topic Outline Method
86(1)
What Is the Topic Outline Method?
86(1)
One Good Case Method
86(1)
What Is the One Good Case Method?
86(1)
Are There Any Other Ways to Find Cases in the Digests?
86(1)
Once You Have a Relevant Topic or Key Number, What Comes Next?
86(5)
What Are Pocket Parts?
91(1)
How Do You Use the Pocket Parts?
92(1)
Online Digest Search
92(1)
Can Digests Be Searched Online?
92(10)
Can You Find a Relevant Topic and Key Number to Search on Westlaw by Entering Search Terms?
102(9)
Chapter Summary
111(1)
Key Terms
111(1)
Exercises
111(4)
Validating
115(34)
Chapter Overview
115(1)
Shepard's
115(18)
What Is a Citator?
115(1)
What Do You Learn from Reviewing Shepard's Citations?
116(8)
How Do You Use Shepard's in Print?
124(8)
Which Citator Should You Consult for State Cases?
132(1)
Shepard's Online
133(5)
How Do You Use Shepard's Online?
133(1)
Is Shepard's Online More Current Than Shepard's in Print?
133(1)
How Is Shepard's Different Online Than in Hard Copy?
133(5)
Keycite
138(6)
What Is the Difference Between Shepard's and KeyCite?
143(1)
Why Would You Use KeyCite and Shepard's?
143(1)
How Do I Access KeyCite?
143(1)
Are There Any Other Online Citators?
143(1)
Globalcite
144(5)
Chapter Summary
145(1)
Key Terms
146(1)
Exercises
146(3)
Secondary Authority
149(29)
Chapter Overview
149(1)
Secondary Authority: What It Is and Where to Find It
150(1)
What Is Secondary Authority?
150(1)
Why and When Do You Use a Secondary Source?
150(1)
What Are the Sources of Secondary Authority?
151(1)
Dictionaries
151(2)
What Is a Legal Dictionary?
151(1)
When Would a Legal Dictionary Be Used?
151(2)
How Would You Cite to a Legal Dictionary?
153(1)
Are Legal Dictionaries Available Online?
153(1)
Thesauri
153(1)
What Is a Thesaurus?
153(1)
Why Would You Use a Thesaurus?
153(1)
Encyclopedias
153(2)
Generally
153(1)
What Is a Legal Encyclopedia?
153(1)
Why Would You Use an Encyclopedia?
154(1)
When Do You Cite an Encyclopedia as Authority?
154(1)
American Jurisprudence
155(9)
What Is Contained in American Jurisprudence?
155(5)
How Do You Use Am. Jur.?
160(1)
What Is the Citation Format for Am. Jur.?
160(1)
Corpus Juris Secundum
160(1)
What Is Contained in Corpus Juris Secundum?
160(3)
How Do You Use C.J.S.?
163(1)
How Is C.J.S. Cited?
163(1)
State Law Encyclopedias
163(1)
Are There Any Legal Encyclopedias for State Law?
163(1)
Online Encyclopedia Services
163(1)
Are Legal Encyclopedias Available on Lexis or Westlaw?
163(1)
American Law Reports
164(5)
What Are American Law Reports?
164(1)
How Do You Use A.L.R.?
164(2)
Why Would You Use A.L.R.?
166(1)
How Do You Cite to an A.L.R. Annotation?
167(2)
How Do You Update an A.L.R. Annotation?
169(1)
Can A.L.R. Annotations Be Shepardized?
169(1)
Treatises and Hornbooks
169(3)
What Are Treatises and Hornbooks?
169(1)
How Do You Find a Thorough Treatise or Hornbook?
170(1)
Which Treatises Are Most Noteworthy?
170(1)
Why Do You Use a Treatise?
170(1)
How Do You Use a Treatise or Hornbook?
171(1)
Are Treatises Ever Relied on as Authority?
171(1)
How Do You Cite to a Hornbook and a Treatise?
171(1)
Are Treatises Available Online?
171(1)
How Are Treatises and Hornbooks Updated?
172(1)
Restatements of the Law
172(4)
What Are Restatements?
172(1)
How Are the Restatements Updated?
172(1)
How Do You Use the Restatements?
172(2)
Can the Restatements Be Shepardized?
174(1)
Are the Restatements Available Online?
175(1)
How Are the Restatements Cited?
175(1)
Legal Periodicals
176(2)
What Are Legal Periodicals?
176(1)
Why Would You Use a Legal Periodical?
176(1)
How Do You Obtain Relevant Legal Periodical Articles?
177(1)
Are Legal Periodicals Available Online?
178(1)
How Do You Cite to a Law Review or Law Journal?
178(1)
Chapter Summary 178(1)
Key Terms 179(1)
Exercises 179(360)
Constitutions and Statutes
183(42)
Chapter Overview
183(1)
Constitutions
184(6)
What Is a Constitution?
184(1)
What Is the Relationship Between the Federal Constitution and the State Constitutions?
184(1)
Who Determines Whether a Statute Violates the U.S. Constitution?
184(1)
Can Federal and State Constitutions Be Validated?
184(1)
Where Are Federal and State Constitutions Found?
184(5)
How Do You Cite Federal or State Constitutions?
189(1)
Are Constitutions Available on Lexis and Westiaw?
189(1)
Are There Any Hard-Copy Digests or Other Finding Tools That Assist with Researching Federal Constitutional Issues?
190(1)
Statutes
190(35)
What Are Statutes?
190(1)
The Legislative Process
190(1)
How Is a Statute Created Through the Federal Legislative Process?
190(1)
What Are Slip Laws?
191(1)
What Are Session Laws?
192(1)
What Are the Statutes at Large?
192(1)
What Is Codification?
192(8)
Reading and Understanding Statutes
200(1)
How Do You Read a Statute?
200(1)
What Type of Legal Authority Are Statutes?
200(1)
What Is the Relationship Between Statutes and Case Law?
200(1)
How to Find Federal Statutes
201(1)
Where Are Federal Statutes Found?
201(1)
How Often Is the U.S.C. Updated?
201(1)
Is the U.S.C. the Only Codified Version of the Federal Statutes?
201(1)
What Do the Unofficial Codes Contain?
202(1)
Is There Any Difference Between the U.S.C.S. and the U.S.C.A.?
203(1)
Why Would You Use an Annotated Set of the U.S.C.?
203(1)
How Useful Are Annotated Statutes as Finding Tools?
203(1)
What Are the Research Methods Used to Find Relevant Statutes?
204(6)
How Do You Cite Federal Statutes?
210(1)
Validating and Updating Statutes
210(1)
How and Why Would You Validate Federal Statutes?
210(3)
How Do You Update Statutes with Print Resources?
213(1)
How to Find State Statutes
213(1)
How Does State Statutory Research Compare with Federal Statutory Research?
213(3)
How Can You Tell Whether a State Code Is the Official or the Unofficial Statutory Compilation?
216(2)
Researching Statutes Online
218(1)
Are the Federal Statutes Available on Lexis and Westlaw?
218(1)
Are State Statutes Available on Lexis and Westlaw?
218(1)
Can Statutes Be Validated on Lexis and Westlaw?
219(1)
How Do You Update Federal Statutes Online?
219(1)
Are Statutes Available on the Internet?
219(1)
Chapter Summary
219(1)
Key Terms
220(1)
Exercises
220(2)
Appendix: State Legislative Information
222(3)
Legislative History
225(14)
Chapter Overview
225(1)
Legislative Information
225(2)
Finding the Text of Pending Legislation
226(1)
Tracking Pending Legislation
227(1)
Legislative Histories
227(12)
Where Do You Find Copies of Public Laws?
227(1)
How Do You Research Legislative Histories of Laws That Are Already Enacted?
228(1)
How Do You Use U.S.C.C.A.N. in Conjunction with the U.S.C.A.?
228(1)
What Are Other Ways to Find Relevant Legislative History in U.S.C.C.A.N.?
229(1)
Is Legislative History Primary Authority?
229(3)
How Do You Cite Legislative History Found in U.S.C.C.A.N.?
232(1)
How Do You Cite to a Legislative History of a Statute?
232(1)
What Are Some Other Sources of Legislative Information?
232(1)
How Do You Research State Legislative Histories?
232(4)
What Additional Sources for Legislative Information Are Available?
236(1)
Chapter Summary
236(1)
Key Terms
236(1)
Exercises
236(3)
Administrative Materials and Looseleaf Services
239(36)
Chapter Overview
239(1)
Introduction
240(1)
What Is Administrative Law?
240(1)
How Can Administrative Agencies Create Law When This Is the Job of Congress?
240(1)
How Do Administrative Agencies Operate?
240(1)
Regulations
241(1)
How Are Regulations Adopted?
241(1)
What Type of Authority Is an Administrative Regulation or Rule?
241(1)
Finding Administrative Law
241(28)
Generally
241(1)
Where Do You Find Federal Administrative Law?
241(3)
Where Do You Find State Administrative Law?
244(1)
Specific Sources
244(1)
Federal Register
244(2)
How Do You Use the Federal Register in Print?
246(7)
How Do You Search the Federal Register on the Internet?
253(2)
How Can You Use Lexis and Westlaw to Retrieve the Federal Register?
255(1)
Code of Federal Regulations
255(1)
How Often Is the C.F.R. Updated?
256(1)
How Do You Use the C.F.R. in Print?
256(2)
How Do You Search the C.F.R. on the Computer?
258(1)
Why Would You Use Old Regulations?
258(1)
How Do You Update and Validate Regulations?
258(4)
How Is the Updating Performed in Practice?
262(6)
How Do You Validate or Shepardize a C.F.R. Citation?
268(1)
How Are the C.F.R. and the Federal Register Cited?
268(1)
Decisions
269(1)
What Else Do Administrative Agencies Do?
269(1)
What Kind of Authority Are Administrative Decisions?
269(1)
Can Administrative Agency Decisions Be Shepardized?
270(1)
Other Than the Agency Itself, Where Can You Find Administrative Agency Decisions?
270(1)
Looseleaf Services
270(5)
What Are Looseleaf Services?
270(1)
How Are Looseleaf Services Used?
270(1)
Can Looseleafs Be Retrieved Online?
271(1)
What Type of Authority Are Looseleaf Services?
271(1)
Chapter Summary
272(1)
Key Terms
272(1)
Exercises
273(2)
Computerized Legal Research
275(18)
Chapter Overview
275(1)
Introduction
276(2)
What Are the Benefits of Using Computerized Legal Research?
276(1)
What Are the Major Disadvantages of Using Computerized Research Services?
276(1)
Uses for Lexis and Westlaw
277(1)
Additional Features
277(1)
Using Westlaw and Lexis
278(15)
How Does Computerized Research Work?
278(1)
The Basics
279(1)
How Is Information Organized?
279(1)
Search Formulation
279(1)
What Is a Search or Query?
279(1)
Connectors
280(2)
Quotations
282(1)
Plurals
282(1)
Irregular Plurals
283(1)
Hyphenated Words
283(1)
Noise Words or Articles
283(1)
Capitalizing Proper Names and Other Terms
283(1)
Other Ways to Restrict Your Search to Retrieve On-Point Information
284(1)
Date and Court Restrictors
284(1)
Other Restrictors
284(1)
Fields
285(1)
Why Does Integrating Traditional and Computerized Resources Result in the Most Effective Computerized Lega Research?
285(1)
Retrieving the Results of Your Search
286(1)
Are There Any Other Ways to Retrieve Documents?
287(1)
Point-and-Click Enhancements
287(1)
Accessing Other Online Services
288(1)
Comparing Lexis and Westlaw
289(1)
Differences Between Lexis and Westlaw
289(1)
Similarities Between Lexis and Westlaw
289(1)
How Do You Use the Computer Most Efficiently?
289(1)
What Are the Other Computerized Research Services That Are Available?
290(1)
Chapter Summary
290(1)
Key Terms
291(1)
Exercises
291(2)
Practice Rules
293(14)
Chapter Overview
293(1)
Overview of Rules of Practice
294(2)
What Are Rules of Practice?
294(1)
What Rules Govern Procedures in the Federal Courts?
294(1)
Do the Federal Rules Control Proceedings in State Courts?
294(1)
What Federal Courts Follow the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure?
294(1)
Are the Federal Trial Courts Governed by Any Other Rules?
294(1)
What Rules of Procedure Do Federal Appellate Courts Follow?
295(1)
What Rules Govern Practice Before the U.S. Supreme Court?
295(1)
Researching Rules of Practice
296(6)
Sources
296(1)
Where Do You Find These Rules in the Print Materials?
296(1)
Are the Federal Rules Available Online?
297(2)
Steps in Researching Rules and Court Decisions
299(1)
How Do You Research a Federal Rule?
299(1)
How Do You Find Cases or Secondary Authorities That Interpret and Explain the Federal Rules?
299(1)
What Sources Are Available to Help Interpret These Rules?
300(2)
How Would You Cite the Various Federal Rules?
302(1)
How Would You Cite a Decision Contained in the Federal Rules Decisions?
302(1)
State Rules of Practice
302(1)
What Rules Control the Conduct of State Proceedings?
302(1)
Where Would You Find State Rules and Local Rules for State Courts?
303(1)
Are Annotations for State Rules Available?
303(1)
Are There Any Significant State Rule Treatises or Secondary Authorities?
303(1)
Ensuring Currency
303(4)
How Do You Ensure That You Are Reviewing the Most Current Version of the Rule?
303(1)
Can Federal Rules Be Validated Online?
304(1)
Can State Rules Be Shepardized?
304(1)
Can State Rules Be Shepardized Online?
304(1)
Chapter Summary
304(1)
Key Terms
305(1)
Exercises
305(2)
Ethical Rules
307(8)
Chapter Overview
307(1)
Rules of Professional Responsibility
307(2)
Is There a National Code of Ethics?
308(1)
What Type of Authority Are These Rules and Cases?
308(1)
When Would You Review the Rules for Ethical Conduct and the Applicable Cases?
309(1)
Researching Ethical Questions
309(6)
Primary Sources and Annotated Sources
309(1)
What Is the Value of an Annotated Source for the Rules and Codes?
309(1)
Where Can You Find the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct and the ABA Model Code of Professional Responsibility?
309(1)
What Other Secondary Sources Are Useful for Ethics Researchers?
310(1)
How Do You Use the Annotated Sources?
310(1)
Other Useful Authorities
310(1)
Do State Bar Associations Publish Ethics Opinions Similar to Those Prepared by the ABA?
311(1)
Research Process
311(1)
How Would You Research an Ethical Question?
311(1)
Can You Find State Ethical Rules on Westiaw and Lexis?
311(1)
Can Ethics Rules Be Validated?
312(1)
Sample Research Problem
312(1)
How Would You Cite an Ethics Rule Found in the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct?
313(1)
How Would You Cite an ABA Ethics Opinion?
313(1)
Chapter Summary
313(1)
Key Terms
314(1)
Exercises
314(1)
Practitioner's Materials
315(10)
Chapter Overview
315(1)
Formbooks
315(3)
What Formbooks Are Available?
316(1)
How Do You Use Formbooks?
317(1)
Other Practitioner's Materials
318(7)
Checklists
318(1)
Do Any Publications Contain Lists of What Steps You Should Follow to Complete a Project?
318(1)
Continuing Legal Education Materials
319(1)
Are CLE Materials Available Online?
319(1)
How Do You Find CLE Materials?
319(1)
Handbooks
319(1)
What Other Valuable Practitioner's Materials Are Available?
319(1)
Jury Instructions
319(1)
What Are Pattern Jury Instructions, and How Do They Differ from Other Jury Instructions?
320(1)
Do the Federal Courts Have Pattern Jury Instructions?
320(1)
Are Jury Instructions Available Online?
321(1)
What Type of Research Should Be Done Before You Draft Jury Instructions?
321(1)
How Do You Find Jury Instructions?
322(1)
Other Tools
322(1)
What Other Tools Might a Paralegal Use in Researching a Problem?
322(1)
How Do You Locate Lawyers and Law Firms in Other States or Within a State?
322(1)
Chapter Summary
323(1)
Key Terms
323(1)
Exercises
324(1)
Research Strategy
325(12)
Chapter Overview
325(1)
Define the Issues and Determine Area of Law
326(1)
Where Do You Begin Your Research?
326(1)
Refining Research
326(2)
How Do You Refine Your Research Strategy?
326(2)
Diagramming the Research Process
328(2)
What Is the Purpose and Technique for Record Keeping?
328(2)
Example of Research Strategy
330(7)
How to Phrase the Issue If You Are Researching the Fur Labeling Problem
330(1)
First Steps
330(1)
What Sources to Consult and Why
331(1)
What to Do After Completing Hard-Copy Research
331(1)
Combining Computerized Research Methods with Hard-Copy Method
332(1)
Using Online Services in the Fur Labeling Problem
332(3)
Chapter Summary
335(1)
Key Terms
335(1)
Exercises
335(2)
PART 2 LEGAL WRITING
337(202)
Getting Ready to Write
339(10)
Chapter Overview
339(1)
Writing Goals and How to Achieve Them
340(1)
How Do You Plan Your Communication and Revise It?
340(1)
The Writing Process
340(9)
Preparing to Write: Purpose and Audience
340(1)
How Do You Complete the Research Process and Make the Transition to Writing?
340(1)
Purpose
341(1)
What Is the Purpose of the Document?
341(1)
Audience
342(1)
To Whom Are You Speaking?
342(1)
Drafting a Detailed Outline
342(1)
How Do You Organize Your Ideas?
342(1)
Revision: The Final Part of the Process
342(1)
Example of Process Writing Techniques
343(2)
Chapter Summary
345(1)
Key Terms
346(1)
Exercises
346(3)
Clear Writing and Editing
349(10)
Chapter Overview
349(1)
Purpose of Editing
350(1)
Process of Editing
350(1)
Specific Items to Review While Editing
351(8)
Diction
351(1)
What Is Diction?
351(1)
What Are Concrete Verbs?
351(2)
How Do You Avoid Legalese or Legal Speak?
353(1)
Voice
353(1)
What Is the Difference Between Active Voice and Passive Voice?
353(1)
Paragraphs
354(1)
Sentences
354(1)
Other Key Rules
355(1)
Chapter Summary
356(1)
Key Terms
356(1)
Exercises
356(3)
Writing Basics
359(10)
Chapter Overview
359(1)
Punctuation
360(3)
Commas
360(1)
Special Comma Rules
361(1)
Semicolons
362(1)
Colons
362(1)
Parentheses
363(1)
Double Quotation Marks
363(1)
Single Quotation Marks
363(1)
Modifiers
363(1)
Parallel Construction
364(1)
Subject and Verb Agreement
364(5)
Chapter Summary
367(1)
Key Terms
367(1)
Exercises
367(2)
Case Briefing and Analysis
369(36)
Chapter Overview
369(1)
Purpose of a Case Brief
370(1)
Diagram of a Decision
370(3)
Anatomy of a Case Brief
373(25)
Citation
373(3)
Procedural History
376(2)
Issues
378(1)
How Do You Determine the Legal Issue or Issues Presented When Examining a Client's Problem?
378(1)
How Do You Draft a Statement of the Issue or Issues?
378(2)
Holding
380(1)
How Do You Draft a Holding?
380(1)
Facts
381(1)
What Are the Relevant Facts?
381(1)
How Do You Organize Your Facts Statement?
382(2)
Rationale
384(2)
Dicta
386(1)
Disposition
386(2)
In-Class Exercise
388(10)
Case Analysis
398(7)
Chapter Summary
400(1)
Key Terms
401(1)
Exercises
401(4)
The Legal Memorandum
405(16)
Chapter Overview
405(1)
The Legal Memorandum
406(1)
What Is an Objective Legal Memorandum and Why Is It Written?
406(1)
Audience
406(1)
Who Reads a Memorandum?
406(1)
Components of A Memorandum
406(11)
What Is Included in a Memorandum?
406(2)
Heading
408(7)
Questions Presented or Issues
415(1)
Conclusion or Brief Answer
415(1)
What Is the Difference Between a Conclusion and a Brief Answer?
415(1)
Facts
416(1)
Discussion
417(1)
Steps In Drafting A Memorandum
417(4)
What Steps Should You Take in Drafting a Memo?
417(2)
Memo Drafting Tips
419(1)
Chapter Summary
419(1)
Key Terms
420(1)
Exercises
420(1)
Questions Presented and Conclusions or Brief Answers
421(14)
Chapter Overview
421(1)
Questions Presented or Issues
421(4)
Who Reads the Questions Presented Statement?
422(1)
First Draft
422(1)
What Are Legally Significant Facts?
423(1)
Research the Issue and Revise It
423(1)
In-Class Exercise
424(1)
Specificity and Precision
424(1)
Brief Answers and Conclusions
425(10)
Brief Answers
425(1)
Conclusions
426(1)
How Is a Conclusion Different from a Brief Answer?
426(1)
Drafting Conclusions
426(3)
In-Class Exercise
429(1)
Chapter Summary
430(1)
Key Terms
430(1)
Exercises
430(5)
Facts
435(20)
Chapter Overview
435(1)
Facts Statement
436(3)
Defining Fact
436(1)
Legally Significant Facts
436(1)
What Facts Should Be Included in the Facts Statement?
436(2)
Fact Versus a Legal Conclusion
438(1)
Source of Information for a Facts Statement
439(1)
Organizing the Facts Statement
439(5)
What Are the Different Methods of Organizing a Fact Statement?
439(1)
Chronological Organization
439(1)
Organization by Claim or Defense
440(1)
Organization by Party
441(1)
Combination of Chronological and Claim or Party Organization
442(2)
Writing the Facts Statement
444(11)
Prepare a List of Facts and Preliminary Statement
444(2)
Research the Issue
446(1)
Revise to Include Only Legally Significant Facts
446(1)
Organize the Facts
447(1)
Rewrite the Facts Statement
447(1)
Chapter Summary
448(1)
Key Terms
448(1)
Exercises
448(7)
The Irac Method
455(14)
Chapter Overview
455(1)
Purposes of IRAC
456(1)
What Is IRAC?
456(1)
IRAC Components
456(13)
What Does an IRAC Paragraph Look Like?
456(2)
Issues
458(1)
What Is the Difference Between the Question Presented and the Issues in IRAC Paragraphs?
458(1)
Rules of Law
459(1)
Why Is Citation Important?
460(1)
Application of the Law to the Problem's Facts
461(1)
How Do You Use the Legally Significant Facts?
461(1)
Conclusion
461(1)
Chapter Summary
462(1)
Key Terms
462(1)
Exercises
463(6)
Synthesizing Cases and Authorities
469(16)
Chapter Overview
469(1)
Synthesis
470(1)
What Is the Process of Synthesizing Legal Rules?
470(1)
Why Do We Synthesize Legal Authority?
470(1)
Types of Synthesis
471(1)
What Are the Four Methods of Synthesizing Authority?
471(1)
Step-By-Step Process to Synthesizing Legal Rules
471(1)
Examples of Case Synthesis
472(13)
How Do You Synthesize Two Sources of Statutory Authority?
480(2)
Chapter Summary
482(1)
Key Terms
482(1)
Exercises
482(3)
Outlining and Organizing A Memorandum
485(32)
Chapter Overview
485(1)
Purpose of Outlining
486(1)
Steps to Outlining
486(15)
Steps in Compiling a List of Legal Authorities
486(10)
In-Class Exercise
496(1)
Organize Issues
496(1)
What Steps Should You Follow in Preparing Your Outline of Each of the Issues?
497(1)
Draft a Thesis Paragraph
497(2)
Determine Which Element to Discuss First
499(1)
List Elements or Subissues
500(1)
Add Authority
500(1)
Refine Issues
500(1)
Arrange the Order of Elements
500(1)
Organize into IRAC Paragraph
500(1)
Example of Outlining
501(3)
Multi-Issue Memorandum
504(13)
How Do You Organize a Multi-Issue Memorandum?
504(1)
In-Class Exercise
505(6)
Chapter Summary
511(1)
Key Terms
511(1)
Exercises
512(5)
Letter Writing
517(22)
Chapter Overview
517(1)
Basics of Letter Writing
518(1)
What Formats Are Used?
518(1)
Components of A Letter
518(6)
Letterhead and Headers
518(2)
Date
520(1)
Method of Transmission
520(1)
Inside Address
520(1)
Reference Line
521(1)
Greeting
521(1)
Body of Letter
521(1)
Closing
522(1)
Copies to Others and Enclosures
522(2)
Types of Letters
524(15)
Confirming Letters
524(1)
Status Letters and Transaction Summary Letters
524(4)
Demand Letter
528(2)
Opinion Letters
530(3)
E-mail
533(1)
Chapter Summary
534(1)
Key Terms
534(1)
Exercises
535(4)
Appendix A Shepardizing and Cite Checking 539(2)
Appendix B Citation 541(16)
Appendix C Sample Memoranda 557(10)
Appendix D Helpful Web Sites 567(10)
Index 577