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xi | |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
Preface to the second edition |
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xvii | |
1 A note to the student on punctuation |
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xix | |
2 A note on the use of corpus examples |
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xx | |
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Chapter 1 The nature of language and linguistics |
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1 | (15) |
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1 The nature of human language |
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1 | (6) |
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1.1 Fundamental beliefs about language |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.3 The rule-governed nature of language |
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4 | (1) |
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1.4 Language universals, innateness, and creativity |
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5 | (2) |
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1.5 Animal communication codes |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (4) |
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2.1 Definitions of grammar |
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7 | (1) |
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2.2 Fallacies concerning grammar |
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8 | (3) |
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3 Linguistics and the components of language |
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11 | (2) |
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4 Organization of the book |
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13 | (3) |
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Chapter 2 Consonants and vowels |
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16 | (34) |
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1 The spoken versus the written form of language |
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17 | (3) |
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17 | (1) |
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1.2 The advantages of speech and writing |
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18 | (2) |
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2 The production of speech sounds |
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20 | (3) |
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23 | (12) |
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3.1 Classification of consonants |
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23 | (3) |
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3.2 Consonants of English and their phonetic notation |
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26 | (9) |
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35 | (12) |
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4.1 Classification of vowels |
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36 | (2) |
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4.2 Vowels of English and their phonetic notation |
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38 | (9) |
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5 The function of vowels and consonants |
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47 | (3) |
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Chapter 3 Phonology, phonotactics, and suprasegmentals |
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50 | (29) |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (3) |
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59 | (5) |
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5 Suprasegmental features |
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64 | (10) |
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64 | (6) |
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70 | (4) |
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74 | (5) |
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Chapter 4 The internal structure of words and processes of word formation |
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79 | (34) |
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79 | (3) |
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82 | (12) |
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2.1 Morpheme versus morph |
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82 | (5) |
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2.2 The analysis of words into morphs and morphemes |
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87 | (3) |
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2.3 Allomorphs and morphemic rules |
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90 | (4) |
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3 Processes of word formation |
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94 | (17) |
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94 | (6) |
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100 | (1) |
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3.3 Conversion or functional shift |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (4) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Grammatical categories and word classes |
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113 | (30) |
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113 | (19) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (3) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (2) |
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2 Determining word classes |
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132 | (11) |
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2.1 Inflectional and distributional tests |
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134 | (1) |
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2.2 Tests applied to various word classes |
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135 | (5) |
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140 | (3) |
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Chapter 6 Lexical semantics |
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143 | (41) |
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144 | (2) |
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2 Basic semantic relationships |
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146 | (4) |
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150 | (5) |
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155 | (17) |
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4.1 Feature analysis of nouns |
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159 | (2) |
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4.2 Feature analysis of verbal predicates |
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161 | (6) |
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4.3 Feature analysis of modals |
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167 | (4) |
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4.4 Postscript on semantic features |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (2) |
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174 | (5) |
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6.1 Selectional restrictions |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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7 Cognitive approaches to meaning |
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179 | (5) |
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Chapter 7 Phrasal structure and verb complementation |
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184 | (32) |
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1 Introduction to generative grammar |
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184 | (3) |
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187 | (1) |
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3 A phrase structure grammar of English |
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188 | (25) |
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3.1 The form of phrase structure rules |
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189 | (2) |
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3.2 Subject and predicate |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (3) |
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196 | (4) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (3) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (8) |
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4 Review of phrase structure rules |
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213 | (3) |
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Chapter 8 Adverbials, auxiliaries, and sentence types |
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216 | (27) |
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216 | (4) |
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217 | (2) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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2 Functions of postverbal prepositional phrases |
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220 | (5) |
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225 | (3) |
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228 | (3) |
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4.1 Verb subcategorization and the passive |
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230 | (1) |
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5 Yes/no questions and negative sentences |
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231 | (7) |
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232 | (1) |
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5.2 Negative statements and questions |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (2) |
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236 | (2) |
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238 | (2) |
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7 From D-structure to S-structure |
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240 | (3) |
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Chapter 9 Finite and nonfinite clauses |
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243 | (51) |
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244 | (28) |
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244 | (7) |
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251 | (3) |
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254 | (18) |
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272 | (19) |
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2.1 Forms of nonfinite clauses |
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272 | (3) |
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2.2 Omissions from nonfinite clauses |
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275 | (2) |
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2.3 Complementizers in nonfinite clauses |
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277 | (2) |
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2.4 Functions of nonfinite clauses |
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279 | (7) |
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2.5 Nonfinite clauses as complements of V |
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286 | (5) |
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3 Review of complex sentences |
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291 | (3) |
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Chapter 10 Sentence semantics |
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294 | (30) |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (12) |
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2.1 The expression of thematic roles in English |
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300 | (3) |
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303 | (3) |
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306 | (3) |
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309 | (15) |
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3.1 Descriptive predicates |
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310 | (7) |
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317 | (2) |
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3.3 Locative and possessive predicates |
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319 | (5) |
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Chapter 11 Information structuring and speech acts |
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324 | (32) |
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325 | (14) |
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325 | (4) |
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1.2 Syntactic options and pragmatic considerations |
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329 | (9) |
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1.3 Information structuring in a passage |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (13) |
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2.1 Components of speech acts |
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340 | (1) |
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2.2 Taxonomy of speech acts |
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341 | (2) |
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2.3 Appropriateness conditions on speech acts |
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343 | (4) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (3) |
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3 The cooperative principle and conversational implicature |
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352 | (4) |
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Chapter 12 Linguistics in language teaching |
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356 | (29) |
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1 Linguistics and native-language teaching |
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357 | (16) |
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357 | (6) |
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1.2 A role for linguistics in first-language instruction |
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363 | (10) |
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2 Linguistics and second-language teaching |
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373 | (9) |
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2.1 The rise and fall of audiolingualism |
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373 | (2) |
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2.2 Krashen and the Natural Approach |
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375 | (2) |
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2.3 A new role for grammar |
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377 | (2) |
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2.4 A role for linguistics in second-language instruction |
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379 | (3) |
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382 | (3) |
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385 | (8) |
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393 | (23) |
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416 | (4) |
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416 | (2) |
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IIa Phrase structure rules (simple sentences) |
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418 | (1) |
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IIb Phrase structure rules (complete set) |
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419 | (1) |
Index |
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420 | |