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El. knyga: Liquefaction Around Marine Structures [World Scientific e-book]

(Bm Sumer Consultancy & Research, Turkey)
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  • World Scientific e-book
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Liquefaction Around Marine StructuresDidesnis paveikslėlis
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
World Scientific e-booksMore info about World Scientific e-books
Partnerių interneto svetainė: http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/7986#t=toc
This book, whose primary aim is to describe liquefaction processes and their implications for marine strucutres such as pipelines, sea outfalls, quay walls and caisson breakwaters, discusses the subject of soil liqeufaction in the marine environment.In addition, the physics of liquefaction (including examples illustrating the catastrophic consequences of soil liquefaction with regard to marine structures) are described, and the mathematical modelling of liqeufaction is treated in detail. Also, carefully selected numerical examples support the discussion of assessing liquefaction potential, and benchmark cases such as buried gas pipelines and their floatation, caisson breakwaters, cover stones and their interaction with liquefied soil along with counter measures are investigated.
Preface xi
1 Introduction and Physics of Liquefaction 1(16)
1.1 Introduction
1(5)
1.2 Wave-Induced Liquefaction
6(5)
1.2.1 Residual liquefaction
6(1)
1.2.2 Momentary liquefaction
7(4)
1.3 Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction
11(1)
1.4 Other Mechanisms
11(3)
1.5 References
14(3)
2 Biot Equations and their Solutions 17(22)
2.1 Biot Equations
17(7)
2.2 Solutions to Biot Equations
24(11)
2.2.1 Stresses in soil under a progressive wave
24(9)
2.2.2 Stresses in soil under a standing wave
33(2)
2.3 References
35(4)
3 Residual Liquefaction 39(110)
3.1 Sequence of Liquefaction Process
40(26)
3.1.1 Buildup of pore pressure
42(3)
3.1.2 Onset of liquefaction
45(6)
3.1.3 Liquefaction stage
51(2)
3.1.4 Dissipation of accumulated pressure and compaction
53(13)
3.2 Mathematical Modelling
66(27)
3.2.1 Peacock and Seed's (1968) experiment
66(6)
3.2.2 Equation governing the buildup of pore pressure
72(5)
3.2.3 Solution to the equation of buildup of pore pressure. Infinitely large soil depth
77(2)
3.2.4 Solution to the equation of buildup of pore pressure. Finite soil depth
79(14)
3.3 Centrifuge Modelling of Residual Liquefaction
93(14)
3.3.1 Centrifuge testing. General
93(3)
3.3.2 Centrifuge wave testing
96(6)
3.3.3 Comparison with standard wave-flume results
102(5)
3.4 Mathematical Modelling of Compaction
107(6)
3.5 Influence -of Clay Content
113(13)
3.6 Influence of Cover Stones/Surcharge
126(6)
3.7 Influence of Current
132(7)
3.8 References
139(10)
4 Momentary Liquefaction 149(32)
4.1 General Description
150(2)
4.2 The Case of Saturated Soil
152(1)
4.3 The Case of Unsaturated Soil
153(8)
4.3.1 Infinitely large soil depth
153(4)
4.3.2 Finite soil depth
157(4)
4.4 Miscellaneous
161(9)
4.5 Air/Gas Content in Marine Soils
170(6)
4.6 References
176(5)
5 Floatation of Buried Pipelines 181(30)
5.1 Existing Work and Problem Statement
184(2)
5.2 Critical Density of Pipeline for Floatation
186(3)
5.3 Density of Liquefied Soil
189(4)
5.4 Density of Liquefied Soil Mathematical Model
193(9)
5.4.1 Model equations
193(3)
5.4.2 Calibration of the model
196(1)
5.4.3 Implementation of the model
197(5)
5.5 Assessment of Time of Travel for Floating Pipe
202(3)
5.6 Stability Design
205(1)
5.7 Floatation due to Momentary Liquefaction
206(2)
5.8 References
208(3)
6 Sinking of Pipelines and Marine Objects 211(30)
6.1 Description of the Process
212(3)
6.2 Termination of Sinking
215(10)
6.2.1 Related physics
215(6)
6.2.2 The depth of sinking
221(4)
6.3 Drag on a Sinking Object
225(9)
6.4 The Case of Momentary Liquefaction
234(2)
6.5 References
236(5)
7 Liquefaction Under Standing Waves 241(28)
7.1 Residual Liquefaction Under Standing Waves
242(17)
7.1.1 General description
242(4)
7.1.2 Buildup of pore pressure
246(7)
7.1.3 Liquefaction stage
253(2)
7.1.4 Dissipation of accumulated pressure and compaction
255(2)
7.1.5 Comparison with the progressive wave
257(2)
7.2 Mathematical Modelling
259(5)
7.3 Momentary Liquefaction Under Standing Waves
264(2)
7.4 References
266(3)
8 Liquefaction at Gravity Structures 269(40)
8.1 Description of Pressure buildup
270(10)
8.1.1 General description
270(1)
8.1.2 Pressure buildup due to rocking motion
271(6)
8.1.3 Does pressure buildup reach liquefaction levels?
277(3)
8.2 Assessment of Residual-Liquefaction Potential
280(19)
8.2.1 First screening
280(2)
8.2.2 Assessment of liquefaction potential
282(17)
8.3 Momentary Liquefaction Around a Breakwater
299(4)
8.4 References
303(6)
9 Stability of Rock Berms in Liquefied Soil 309(18)
9.1 Sequence of Liquefaction with Berm Present
311(4)
9.2 Stability of Berm Structure
315(9)
9.2.1 General description
315(2)
9.2.2 Comparison with berm exposed to water motion
317(2)
9.2.3 Incipient stone motion
319(3)
9.2.4 Degree of damage in Sumer et al.'s (2011) tests
322(2)
9.3 Remarks on Practical Application
324(1)
9.4 References
325(2)
10 Impact of Seismic-Induced Liquefaction 327(66)
10.1 Seismic-Induced Liquefaction
329(5)
10.2 Review of Existing Codes/Guidelines
334(7)
10.3 Japanese Experience
341(13)
10.3.1 Brief history of earthquakes and design codes
341(3)
10.3.2 Current design code/standard for port and harbour facilities
344(8)
10.3.3 Mitigations/remediation
352(1)
10.3.4 Concluding remarks
353(1)
10.4 Turkey Kocaeli Earthquake
354(7)
10.4.1 Background
354(2)
10.4.2 Damage caused and lessons learned
356(5)
10.5 Lateral Ground Deformations
361(10)
10.5.1 Introduction
361(1)
10.5.2 Existing lateral-spread predictive models
361(3)
10.5.3 Empirical or semi-empirical models
364(2)
10.5.4 Laboratory-based models
366(3)
10.5.5 Final remarks
369(2)
10.6 Tsunamis and their Impacts
371(9)
10.6.1 Introduction
371(3)
10.6.2 Direct effects of tsunamis on coastal structures
374(2)
10.6.3 Indirect effects of earthquakes and tsunamis Resonant oscillations in enclosed basins
376(3)
10.6.4 Final remarks/guidelines for protecting coastal structures
379(1)
10.7 References
380(13)
11 Counter Measures 393(16)
11.1 Buried Pipelines
394(6)
11.2 Gravity-Base Structures
400(3)
11.3 Hydraulic Fills
403(3)
11.4 Steel Sheet Pile Cofferdams
406(1)
11.5 References
406(3)
A Small Aniplitude, Linear Waves 409(4)
A.1 References
412(1)
B Soil Properties 413(6)
B.1 References
418(1)
C In-Situ Relative DenShy 419(14)
C.1 Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
419(5)
C.2 Cone Penetration Test (CPT)
424(4)
C.3 In-Situ Relative Density of a Backfill
428(2)
C.4 References
430(3)
D Hsu & Jeng Coefficients 433(4)
D.1 References
435(2)
List of Symbols 437(4)
Author Index 441(10)
Subject Index 451
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