In no other society in the world have urbanisation and industrialization been as comprehensively based on migrant labour as in South Africa. Rather than focusing on the well-documented narrative of displacement and oppression, A Long Way Home captures the humanity, agency and creative modes of self-expression of the millions of workers who helped to build and shape modern South Africa. The book spans a three-hundred-year history beginning with the exportation of slave labour from Mozambique in the eighteenth century and ending with the strikes and tensions on the platinum belt in recent years. It shows not only the age-old mobility of African migrants across the continent but also, with the growing demand for labour in the mining industry, the importation of Chinese indentured migrant workers. Contributions include 18 essays and over 90 artworks and photographs that traverse homesteads, chiefdoms and mining hostels, taking readers into the materiality of migrant life and its customs and traditions, including the rituals practiced by migrants in an effort to preserve connections to "home" and create a sense of "belonging". The essays and visual materials provide multiple perspectives on the lived experience of migrant labourers and celebrate their extraordinary journeys. A Long Way Home was conceived during the planning of an art exhibition entitled 'Ngezinyawo: Migrant Journeys' at Wits Art Museum. The interdisciplinary nature of the contributions and the extraordinary collection of images selected to complement and expand on the text make this a unique collection.
Acknowledgements |
|
viii | |
Introduction Highlighting Migrant Humanity |
|
1 | (16) |
|
|
|
Chapter 1 Ngezinyawo --- Migrant Journeys |
|
|
17 | (19) |
|
|
Chapter 2 Slavery, Indenture and Migrant Labour: Maritime Immigration from Mozambique to the Cape, c.1780--1880 |
|
|
36 | (13) |
|
|
Chapter 3 Walking 2 000 Kilometres to Work and Back: The Wandering Bassuto by Carl Richter |
|
|
49 | (10) |
|
|
Chapter 4 A Century of Migrancy from Mpondoland |
|
|
59 | (15) |
|
|
Chapter 5 The Migrant Kings of Zululand |
|
|
74 | (15) |
|
|
Chapter 6 The Art of Those Left Behind: Women, Beadwork and Bodies |
|
|
89 | (17) |
|
|
Chapter 7 The Illusion of Safety: Migrant Labour and Occupational Disease on South Africa's Gold Mines |
|
|
106 | (10) |
|
|
Chapter 8 'The Chinese Experiment': Images from the Expansion of South Africa's 'Labour Empire' |
|
|
116 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
Chapter 9 'Stray Boys': The Kruger National Park and Migrant Labour |
|
|
132 | (12) |
|
|
Chapter 10 Surviving Drought: Migrancy and the Homestead Economy |
|
|
144 | (11) |
|
|
Chapter 11 Migrants from Zebediela and Shifting Identities on the Rand, 1930s--1970s |
|
|
155 | (14) |
|
Sekibakiba Peter Lekgoathi |
|
|
Chapter 12 Verwoerd's Oxen: Performing Labour Migrancy in Southern Africa |
|
|
169 | (17) |
|
|
Chapter 13 'Give My Regards to Everyone at Home Including Those I No Longer Remember': The Journey of Tito Zungu's Envelopes |
|
|
186 | (15) |
|
|
Chapter 14 Sophie and the City: Womanhood, Labour and Migrancy |
|
|
201 | (14) |
|
|
|
215 | (9) |
|
|
Chapter 16 Migrants: Vanguard of the Workers' Struggles? |
|
|
224 | (17) |
|
|
Chapter 17 Debt or Savings? Of Migrants, Mines and Money |
|
|
241 | (13) |
|
|
|
Chapter 18 Post-Apartheid Migrancy and the Life of a Pondo Mineworker |
|
|
254 | (10) |
|
Notes on Contributors |
|
264 | (3) |
List of Figures and Tables |
|
267 | (4) |
Index |
|
271 | |
William Beinart is a historian and Emeritus Professor at St Antony's College, University of Oxford. He has recently published, with Peter Delius and Michelle Hay, Rights to Land (2017) and papers on land reform and tenure.
Fiona Rankin-Smith is Special Projects Curator at Wits Art Museum (WAM) in Johannesburg.
Laura Phillips is a Visiting Research Associate in the Society Work and Development Institute at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
William Beinart is a historian and Emeritus Professor at St Antony's College, University of Oxford. He has recently published, with Peter Delius and Michelle Hay, Rights to Land (2017) and papers on land reform and tenure.
Peter Delius is Professor in the History Department at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.