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El. knyga: Macroevolution in Deep Time

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The prerequisite to investigating the underlying causes behind mass extinction is a profound understanding of the evolutionary history of both living and dead species. It is especially important to appreciate the significance of such studies in extinct organisms; especially in organisms that were abundant in a certain geologic era, but have subsequently dwindled or become extinct. Such studies should help to accurately evaluate patterns of evolution in extinct species lineages and help predict the same in its modern analogs. The book includes cutting edge research in evolutionary biology that should serve as a starting point for conservation. ?

This book discusses the underlying causes behind the fate of once-abundant organisms of earlier geologic eras, helping readers to accurately evaluate patterns of evolution in extinct lineages and to make solid predictions about their modern analogs.
1 Advancement in Evolutionary Theories
1(16)
1.1 History of Evolution
1(5)
1.1.1 Punctuated Equilibrium
2(1)
1.1.2 Who Coined the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory?
3(1)
1.1.3 Proponents and Opponents of the Punctuated Equilibrium Model
4(1)
1.1.4 Speculations: If PE Is True, Then What Caused Species to Remain Stable for Such a Long Period of Time Despite Environmental Changes?
5(1)
1.2 Some Competing Ideas on How Evolution Works
6(1)
1.3 Gap in the Fossil Record
7(1)
1.4 Processes Behind Evolution
8(2)
1.5 Tempo and Mode of Evolution
10(3)
1.6 A Case Study on Brachiopods
13(1)
References
14(3)
2 Evolutionary Change: A Case Study of Extinct Brachiopod Species
17(26)
2.1 Introduction
18(2)
2.1.1 Hypotheses
20(1)
2.2 Geological Background
20(1)
2.3 Materials and Methods
21(6)
2.4 Results
27(4)
2.5 Discussion
31(7)
2.5.1 Qualitative and Quantitative Recognition of Taxa
31(1)
2.5.2 Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis
32(2)
2.5.3 Phyletic Gradualism Hypothesis
34(1)
2.5.4 Tempo and Mode of Evolution
34(2)
2.5.5 Morphology and Environment
36(2)
2.6 Conclusions
38(1)
References
39(4)
3 Comparative Trends in Evolution Across Correlated Geological Strata
43(12)
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 Geologic Setting
44(5)
3.2.1 Biostratigraphy
45(2)
3.2.2 Traverse Group Stratigraphy
47(2)
3.3 Methods
49(1)
3.4 Results and Discussion
50(3)
3.4.1 Comparison of the Michigan Basin with the Appalachian Basin
51(2)
3.5 Conclusions
53(1)
References
53(2)
4 Evolution in the Fossil Record
55(2)
4.1 Significance of Timescale in Evolutionary Studies
55(1)
4.2 Evolution in Extinct Species
55(1)
References
56(1)
About the Authors 57(2)
Index 59
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