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El. knyga: Making Your Data Center Energy Efficient

(4-Degree Consulting, Macon, Georgia, USA)
  • Formatas: 286 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 19-Apr-2016
  • Leidėjas: Taylor & Francis Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781439855553
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: 286 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 19-Apr-2016
  • Leidėjas: Taylor & Francis Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781439855553
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Detailing powerful methods for reducing the energy costs associated with operating a data center, Making Your Data Center Energy Efficient examines both equipment and building facilities. It reviews the rationale for conserving energy and demonstrates how conservation and careful equipment selection can lead to significant improvements to your bottom line. For those not well-versed in financial or energy terms, the first two chapters provide a detailed discussion of the terms associated with different types of energy, as well as how to compute the return on investment for energy conservation efforts.

The text includes tables of monthly expenses associated with operating equipment that will help you convert problems into simple table lookup processes. Among the money-saving topics discussed, it considers:





How to minimize the energy consumption of a wide range of devices A little-understood topic that can make a big impact on energy costsgeneral heating and cooling Techniques required to effectively monitor different types of meters Phantom energy usage and methods for minimizing its cost to your organization

Recognizing that most readers may not have direct control over the selection of a furnace or hot water heater, the book provides you with the ability to recognize the efficiencies and inefficiencies of various types of devices, so you can provide input into the decision-making process. From replacing lighting to consolidation and virtualization, it provides you with the well-rounded understanding needed to properly manage all aspects of the energy consumed in your data center.
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
Chapter 1 Rationale For Energy Conservation And Its Financial Implications 1(38)
The Cost of Energy
2(3)
Energy and Power
2(1)
Units of Power
2(1)
BTUs and Horsepower
3(2)
Comparing Energy
5(5)
Oil, Gas, and Electric Costs
5(5)
The Cost of Oil
5(3)
The Cost of Natural Gas
8(1)
The Cost of Electricity
9(1)
Financial Metrics
10(9)
The Return on Investment (ROI)
10(4)
ROI Analysis
12(2)
What Is Time Value?
14(2)
Future Value Basics
14(2)
Future Value Interest Factors
16(1)
Present Value Basics
17(2)
Annuities
19(6)
Payment Frequency
20(1)
Types of Annuities
20(1)
Determining the Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity
20(2)
Present Value of an Annuity
22(1)
Considering Monthly Cash Flows
23(2)
Annuity Due
25(12)
Annuity Notations
26(1)
Payback Period
26(1)
Discounted Cash Flow
27(1)
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
27(3)
Internal Rate of Return
30(1)
Computing the IRR
31(2)
Using Excel
33(3)
NPV Functions in Excel
34(1)
ROI Functions in Excel
35(1)
IRR Summary
36(1)
Summary
37(2)
Chapter 2 Understanding Electrical Terms 39(40)
Understanding Electricity
40(4)
Atoms and Electrons
40(1)
Electric Generators
40(2)
Turbines
42(1)
Circuit Measurements
42(1)
Circuits
43(1)
Electrical Power
44(4)
Direct Current versus Alternating Current
46(2)
Direct Current (DC)
47(1)
The Power Supply
48(3)
Power Supply Types
48(1)
Operation
49(1)
Phase
49(1)
Power Rating
50(1)
Meters to Consider
51(1)
AC Measurements to Consider
51(6)
RMS
51(2)
Power Factor (PF)
53(1)
Importance of the Power Factor
53(1)
Ground
54(3)
Electricity Distribution
57(22)
The Power Plant
57(1)
Transformers
57(7)
Types of Transformers
60(1)
Transformer Wiring
60(1)
Service Methods
60(2)
Single Phase versus Three Phase
62(2)
The Service Panel
64(5)
Types of Service Panels
65(1)
Operation
66(2)
Inside the Service Panel
68(1)
Building Service Panel
68(1)
Circuits
69(2)
Types of Circuits
70(1)
Individual Circuits
71(1)
Plugs and Sockets
71(3)
Office Plugs and Sockets
72(2)
UPS
74(2)
Standby Generators
76(2)
Selecting a Generator
78(1)
Chapter 3 General Heating And Cooling Considerations 79(40)
Climate Control Systems
80(2)
Ventilation
81(1)
Heating Systems
82(21)
Forced-Air Systems
82(1)
Boilers
83(1)
Rating/Capacity
83(1)
Radiant Heating Systems
84(1)
Heat Pumps
85(1)
SEER and HSPF Ratings
86(1)
Types of Heat Pumps
87(8)
Hybrid Heat Pump
89(1)
Solar-Assisted Heat Pump
89(1)
Dual Fuel Heat Pump
90(2)
Air-Source Heat Pump
92(1)
Geothermal Heat Pumps
92(3)
Electric Resistance Heating
95(2)
Types of Electric Resistance Heaters
95(2)
Radiators
97(2)
Steam Heating
97(1)
Hot Water Radiators
98(1)
Hot Water Heaters
99(1)
Types of Water Heaters
99(4)
Conventional Tank Storage Water Heaters
100(1)
Tankless Water Heaters
101(1)
Indirect Water Heaters
102(1)
Cooling Systems
103(12)
Central Air Conditioners
103(4)
Types of Central Air Conditioners
104(1)
Sizing
105(1)
Cost Comparison
105(1)
Other Features to Consider
106(1)
Heat Pump Cooling
107(1)
Chillers
107(5)
Use in Air-Conditioning
108(1)
Types of Chillers
108(2)
Classification
110(2)
Factors to Consider
112(7)
Rapid Restart Capability
112(1)
Operating Multiple Chillers
112(1)
Checking the Refrigerant Line
113(1)
Optimize Cooling during Cold Weather
113(1)
Examine Ductworks
114(1)
Examining Air Filters
114(1)
Heating and Cooling Items to Consider
115(1)
Considering the Long Term
115(4)
Chapter 4 Reading And Understanding Your Electric, Gas, And Water Meters 119(32)
The Electric Meter
119(6)
Electric Meter Categories
119(1)
Examining the Electric Meter
120(5)
Reading an Electric Meter
125(4)
Load Meters
126(1)
Recording Data
127(1)
Operation
128(1)
Digital "Smart" Meters
128(1)
Smart Meters and the Smart Grid
129(9)
Reading the Smart Meter Display
130(2)
Smart Meter Problems
132(1)
Standards
133(1)
Possible Causes of Billing Inaccuracies
134(3)
Why Rates Matter
137(1)
The Natural Gas Meter
138(5)
Types of Gas Meters
138(1)
Meter Reading
139(2)
Estimating the Monthly Gas Bill
141(2)
The Water Meter
143(8)
Locate Your Meter
143(2)
Water Bills
145(2)
Abnormalities in the Water Bill
147(2)
Smart Water Meters
149(2)
Chapter 5 Data Center Equipment Energy Consumption 151(28)
Operational Modes to Consider
152(2)
Power Loads
152(2)
Commonsense Items to Consider
154(4)
Obtain Smart Power Strips
154(1)
Check Cell Phone Charger Ratings
154(1)
Unplug Rarely Used Devices
155(1)
Ensure Monitors Are Turned Off When Not Used
155(1)
Turn Off or Place Computers in a Standby Mode
156(1)
Favor Energy Star Equipment
157(1)
General Cost Computations
158(18)
Device Consumption
159(2)
Varying the Cost per kWh
161(1)
Servers
162(3)
Computer Memory
163(2)
Rack Pack Considerations
165(1)
Communications Equipment
165(6)
Cisco 3750 Series
167(1)
Cisco StackPower and EnergyWise Technology
168(3)
Other Techniques to Reduce Energy Consumption
171(8)
Fan Speed Considerations
171(1)
Rack Placement and Cooling Considerations
171(5)
Available Calculators
176(3)
Chapter 6 Minimizing Computer Energy Consumption 179(34)
Sleep Mode Considerations
179(13)
Power Options
180(9)
Accessing Power Options
180(3)
Editing a Power Plan
183(2)
CPU States
185(1)
Advanced Settings
186(3)
Processor Power Management
189(2)
Display
191(1)
Multimedia Settings
191(1)
Computer Power Efficiency
192(21)
Accessing the Command Prompt
192(8)
Examining an Energy Report
200(7)
Wake-on-LAN
207(2)
Enabling Wake-on-LAN in Windows
207(1)
Wake-on-LAN Capabilities
208(1)
Limitations
209(1)
Wireless Network Use
209(1)
Delivery Confirmation
210(1)
Security Issues
210(1)
Specific Computer Linkage
210(3)
Chapter 7 Making Your Data Center Energy Efficient 213(36)
Techniques to Consider
213(4)
Finding Energy Loss
213(1)
Replacing Monitors
214(1)
Waiting Area Display
215(1)
Upgrading the Operating System
216(1)
Purchase Energy Star Compliant Products
217(1)
Consolidation and Virtualization
217(14)
Telework
219(1)
Consider Cloud Computing
219(1)
Consider Desktop and Server Power Management Products
220(1)
Consider Processor Efficiency
221(2)
Consider Data Storage Consolidation
223(1)
Examine IT Hardware Utilization
223(1)
Consider Higher Voltage Power Distribution
224(1)
Utilize Wireless Humidity and Temperature Transmitters
224(2)
Minimize Phantom Energy Loss
226(1)
Use Energy-Efficient Motors
227(1)
Examine Airflow
228(1)
Reduce Air Handler Operations When Not Necessary
228(1)
Controlling the Power Factor
228(1)
Use Caulking and Weather-Stripping to Block Air Leaks
229(1)
Consider a Chargeback Policy That Includes Energy Cost
230(1)
Consider Increases in Electricity Cost
230(1)
Water Considerations
231(1)
Examine Water Heater Settings
231(1)
Examine Water Usage
231(1)
Replacing Lighting
232(12)
Lumens
233(1)
Watts as a Measurement Tool
233(1)
Lumens per Watt and Lux
234(1)
Determining Watt Dissipation
235(1)
Luminous Energy
236(1)
Illuminance
236(1)
Lighting Efficiency
236(1)
Color Temperature
237(1)
Representative Lighting Color Temperature
238(1)
Comparing Lighting
238(6)
Building Management Areas to Consider
244(5)
Consider Adding Insulation
244(2)
How Insulation Works
245(1)
Types of Insulation
245(1)
Rating Insulation
246(1)
Changing the Building Roof Color
246(1)
Use Reusable Filters
247(1)
Consider Electric Vehicles
247(2)
Index 249
Gilbert Held is currently with 4 Degrees Consulting.