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Man the Hunted: Primates, Predators, and Human Evolution, Expanded Edition [Minkštas viršelis]

3.71/5 (152 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 375 pages, aukštis x plotis: 229x152 mm, weight: 544 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Jul-2008
  • Leidėjas: Westview Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0813344034
  • ISBN-13: 9780813344034
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 375 pages, aukštis x plotis: 229x152 mm, weight: 544 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Jul-2008
  • Leidėjas: Westview Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0813344034
  • ISBN-13: 9780813344034
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Anthropologists Hart (U. of Missouri-St. Louis) and Sussman (Washington U., St. Louis) originally wrote this book in 2005, challenging conventional thinking about human evolution. They suggest that brain stem and speech development were caused by environmental disadvantages and that man's role as a social species developed from the need to defend against and defeat predators. The expanded version includes a new chapter with additional material about early man's relationships with his natural predators. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Man the Hunted argues that primates, including the earliest members of the human family, have evolved as the prey of any number of predators, including wild cats and dogs, hyenas, snakes, crocodiles, and even birds. The authors’ studies of predators on monkeys and apes are supplemented here with the observations of naturalists in the field and revealing interpretations of the fossil record. Eyewitness accounts of the “man the hunted” drama being played out even now give vivid evidence of its prehistoric significance.

This provocative view of human evolution suggests that countless adaptations that have allowed our species to survive—from larger brains to speech—stem from a considerably more vulnerable position on the food chain than we might like to imagine. The myth of early humans as fearless hunters dominating the earth obscures our origins as just one of many species that had to be cautious, depend on other group members, communicate danger, and come to terms with being merely one cog in the complex cycle of life.

The expanded edition includes a new chapter that describes the ever-increasing evidence of predation on humans and other primates and claims that the earliest humans were neither hunters nor even the accomplished scavengers that many authorities have claimed.

Contents

Foreword by Ian Tattersall

1. Just Another Item on the Menu
2. Debunking “Man the Hunter”
3. Who’s Eating Whom?
4. Lions and Tigers and Bears, Oh My!
5. Coursing Hyenas and Hungry Dogs
6. Missionary Position
7. Terror from the Sky
8. We Weren’t Just Waiting Around to be Eaten!
9. Gentle Savage or Bloodthirsty Brute?
10. Man the Hunted
11. The Final Word



A provocative view of human evolution that contends early humans occupied a far more vulnerable position in the food chain than we like to imagine.

Recenzijos

"In telling a story about our evolution that is grounded in real data and avoids popular psychobabble about the nature of human aggression, Man the Hunted is a substantial contribution to understanding humanity. Hart and Sussman deftly demonstrate the dual roles of predation and cooperation in human evolution, effectively challenging simplistic notions of 'man the hunter' or 'man the aggressor.'" -Agustin Fuentes, University of Notre Dame "Hart and Sussman have produced a book that is engaging to read, with minimal (or fully explained) jargon and interesting stories, which should be accessible to a broad audience. It is well illustrated and well referenced." -Journal of Anthropological Research "Man the Hunted is a necessary antidote against attempts to fit our ancestors into neat, but almost certainly inappropriate, behavioral categories of 'hunter vs. scavenger' and instead helps move us in the direction of more realistic and nuanced reconstructions of the behavior of our ancestors." -Bernard Wood, George Washington University "Man the Hunted sends a jolt through the field of human evolution by empirically undermining some of the assumptions of its most familiar bio-historical narratives. What was it like to be a bipedal ape in Africa with primitive stone tools? Probably not very nice. And how did we get where we are today-via individual red-in-tooth-and-claw natural selection leading us to the top of the food chain? No, argue Hart and Sussman-by group social processes of affiliation and cooperation that kept us off the bottom of the food chain. This superbly documented and cleverly argued book provides a sophisticated scholarly antidote to the reductive pseudo-biology that has passed for too long as a master narrative of human origins." -Jon Marks, UNC-Charlotte"Man the Hunted ... is accessible and interesting to the lay reader. ...The authors describe and debate the common view of Man as the evolving hunter and present their own view of Man's evolution as an adapting prey by integrating fossil records and behavioral data from living predator-prey interactions involving human and nonhuman primates." -American Journal of Human Biology "Hart and Sussman's book presents a good synthesis of pertinent ethological observations and a summary of theoretical framing, along with a healthy dose of anecdote." -Evolutionary Anthropology

Foreword to the First Edition ix
Preface to the Expanded Paperback Edition xv
Just Another Item On The Menu
1(10)
Fossil Evidence and Living Primates
5(4)
Predation and Primate Studies
9(1)
An Accurate Appraisal of Predation
9(2)
Debunking ``Man The Hunter''
11(22)
Will the First Hominid Please Stand Up?
13(8)
A Messy Bush
21(1)
Wanderlust
22(1)
Man the Hunter?
23(5)
Man the Dancer!
28(2)
We Were Not ``Cat Food''!
30(3)
Who's Eating Whom?
33(24)
A Tale ofTwo Families
34(4)
The Prey Flee, the Predator Pursues
38(3)
Who Are These Primate Prey?
41(4)
The Dichotomy about Death
45(1)
The James Carville Approach
46(6)
Predation Risk versus Predation Rate
52(3)
Who Was Eating Our Hominid Ancestors?
55(2)
Lions And Tigers And Bears, Oh My!
57(32)
Choose Your Weapon
63(7)
The Long and Winding Road from South Africa to Georgia
70(6)
Killing Machines
76(1)
Before the Age of Ulcers
77(3)
Perfect Primate Predators
80(4)
Give Us the Bear Facts
84(5)
Coursing Hyenas And Hungry Dogs
89(22)
Wolves at the Door
90(5)
No Laughing Matter
95(2)
Howls in the Prehistoric Night
97(7)
Leaders of the Pack
104(7)
Missionary Position
111(24)
The Serpentine Route
112(12)
Breathing Fire: The Komodo Dragon
124(3)
My, What Big Teeth You Have!
127(6)
On Top of Everything Else, Sharks, Too?
133(2)
Terror From The Sky
135(26)
Featherweights and Talon Tips
138(3)
Crested Viragos
141(6)
An Alfred Hitchcock Moment
147(2)
The Record of Giant Raptors
149(2)
The Taung Child Tells Its Tale
151(4)
Running Hawks, Hungry Toucans, and Giant Owls
155(6)
We Weren't Just Waiting Around To Be Eaten!
161(30)
Heavyweight Champions
166(4)
Why Hermits Seem Odd
170(4)
We Saw... Food. We Came... Down from the Trees. We Conquered... Gravity
174(6)
On the Path to Einstein
180(2)
Daytime Talk Shows
182(4)
Making a Last Stand: Counterattack and Chutzpah
186(3)
Weapons of Mass Destruction
189(2)
Gentle Savage Or Bloodthirsty Brute?
191(28)
The Hunting Myth and Sociobiology
194(7)
Chimpanzee and Human Males as Demonic Killers
201(6)
Chimpanzee Aggression
207(4)
Getting Out of Our Genes
211(2)
The Other 50%
213(6)
Man The Hunted
219(32)
Sink Your Teeth into This!
226(5)
Painting the Family Portrait
231(4)
Habitat for Humanity
235(4)
Macaques R Us?
239(3)
Put It All Together and What Do You Have?
242(3)
Man the Hunted
245(3)
The Oldest Story
248(3)
The Last Word
251(36)
Carnivore Crimes: More about Bears, Big Cats, and Hyenas
257(5)
Python Pestilence and Eagle Escapades
262(3)
Man the Cannibal
265(3)
Cut Marks, Tooth Marks, and Question Marks
268(3)
Man the Sneaky Meat Thief
271(4)
Man the Peace-Loving Hippie?
275(8)
Conventional Wisdom as Science
283(1)
Really Our Last Words
284(3)
Acknowledgments 287(2)
Notes 289(22)
Bibliography 311(36)
Index 347(12)
About the Authors 359
Donna Hart is associate teaching professor of anthropology at the University of Missouri-St. Louis and was a professional in the field of wildlife conservation for many years. Her current writing projects include The Complex Nature of Human Variation (forthcoming, Westview Press). Robert W. Sussman is professor of physical anthropology and environmental science at Washington University (St. Louis), editor emeritus of American Anthropologist, and is currently editor of Yearbook of Physical Anthropology and secretary of the anthropology section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is the author of many scientific articles and books on anthropology and primatology.