|
List of Figures and Tables |
|
|
xii | |
About the Authors |
|
xiv | |
Acknowledgements |
|
xvi | |
Preface |
|
xvii | |
Abbreviations |
|
xx | |
|
|
1 | (10) |
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
1.2 Primary aims of this book |
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
1.3 Global construction project management |
|
|
1 | (3) |
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1.4 What is globalisation? |
|
|
4 | (1) |
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1.5 Recent global project developments |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
1.6 Regional global differences |
|
|
6 | (1) |
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1.7 Global construction policy issues |
|
|
6 | (3) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
7 | (1) |
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1.7.3 Environmental policy |
|
|
8 | (1) |
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1.8 The structure of the book |
|
|
9 | (1) |
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|
9 | (2) |
|
2 Strategic Issues in Global Project Management |
|
|
11 | (29) |
|
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11 | (1) |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
2.3 Global strategic issues |
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
2.4 Concept of strategic issues: global construction industry |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
2.5 Corporate strategic issues |
|
|
14 | (4) |
|
2.5.1 Implementing an appropriate business model |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
2.5.2 Appreciation of cultural diversity |
|
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15 | (1) |
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2.5.3 Integration of legal and tax settings |
|
|
16 | (1) |
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2.5.4 Familiarity of a country's technical features and supplying material rights |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
2.5.5 Corporate responsibility |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
2.5.6 New emerging markets |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
2.6 Tools and techniques for the management of strategic issues |
|
|
18 | (2) |
|
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18 | (1) |
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2.6.2 Porter's five forces |
|
|
19 | (1) |
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|
19 | (1) |
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|
20 | (1) |
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|
20 | (3) |
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2.8 Current approaches to project management |
|
|
23 | (7) |
|
2.9 Infrastructures for global project management |
|
|
30 | (2) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
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2.9.2 Appreciation of soft project skills |
|
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31 | (1) |
|
2.9.3 Automated project roles |
|
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31 | (1) |
|
2.9.4 Interpretation of environmental sustainability |
|
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32 | (1) |
|
2.9.5 Impact of austerity measures |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.11 Case study: the Marmaray project in Turkey |
|
|
33 | (3) |
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2.11.1 Background to the case study |
|
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33 | (1) |
|
2.11.2 Objectives of the project |
|
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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|
35 | (1) |
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|
35 | (1) |
|
2.11.6 Disapproval of the Marmaray project |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
2.12 Discussion questions |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
|
37 | (3) |
|
|
40 | (27) |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
3.3 Global stakeholders and sustainability |
|
|
41 | (5) |
|
3.4 Identifying stakeholders in global projects |
|
|
46 | (2) |
|
3.5 Classification of global stakeholders and the construction process |
|
|
48 | (5) |
|
3.6 Tools and techniques for stakeholder analysis |
|
|
53 | (4) |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
3.6.2 An example technique |
|
|
54 | (3) |
|
3.7 Analysing global stakeholder perspectives |
|
|
57 | (3) |
|
3.7.1 The separation perspective |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
3.7.2 The ethical perspective |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
3.7.3 The integrated perspective |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
3.8 Relationship with the client |
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
3.9 Response decisions in changing stakeholder perspectives for effective global project delivery |
|
|
61 | (3) |
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64 | (1) |
|
3.11 Discussion questions |
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
|
65 | (2) |
|
4 Measuring and Improving Global Project Performance |
|
|
67 | (23) |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
4.3 Defining global project success |
|
|
68 | (2) |
|
4.4 Understanding global project failure |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
4.4.1 Global project failure causes |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
4.5 Strategy-modelling failure |
|
|
71 | (3) |
|
4.5.1 Law of Requisite Variety and control |
|
|
72 | (2) |
|
4.6 Global critical success factors and key performance indicators (KPIs) |
|
|
74 | (2) |
|
4.7 International KPIs/contractor comparisons |
|
|
76 | (2) |
|
4.8 International measures of project performance |
|
|
78 | (4) |
|
4.8.1 Linking local and the transnational performance measures |
|
|
79 | (3) |
|
4.9 Collaboration and project performance measurement |
|
|
82 | (4) |
|
4.9.1 Collaboration failures |
|
|
82 | (2) |
|
4.9.2 Collaboration successes |
|
|
84 | (2) |
|
4.10 Project performance measurement and improvement |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
4.12 Discussion questions |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
|
88 | (2) |
|
5 Relevance of Global Project Structure and Organisation |
|
|
90 | (33) |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
5.3 The origins of strategy |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
5.4 Administer and control strategies in modern global project management |
|
|
92 | (2) |
|
5.5 A. relationship-building hierarchy |
|
|
94 | (7) |
|
|
94 | (2) |
|
5.5.2 Communicate/connect |
|
|
96 | (3) |
|
|
99 | (2) |
|
5.6 Traditional structures for creating a global project and client/parent organisation relationship |
|
|
101 | (12) |
|
5.6.1 The nature of structure |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
5.6.2 Functional project organisation structure |
|
|
103 | (2) |
|
5.6.3 Pure project structure |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
106 | (5) |
|
5.6.5 How people relate in global projects |
|
|
111 | (2) |
|
5.7 Management of global value chains |
|
|
113 | (4) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
5.7.2 Value of supply chain management |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
5.8 A transformational structure: fractal web technique for managing project structures |
|
|
117 | (2) |
|
|
119 | (2) |
|
5.10 Discussion questions |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
|
121 | (2) |
|
6 Global Project Management Process |
|
|
123 | (27) |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
6.4 Project initiation in global construction projects |
|
|
125 | (2) |
|
6.5 Project monitoring and control |
|
|
127 | (3) |
|
|
130 | (2) |
|
6.7 Process portfolio management |
|
|
132 | (3) |
|
6.8 Leading strategic transformation of global project management process |
|
|
135 | (4) |
|
6.9 Programme managing the value chain |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
6.10 Techniques for global project management process |
|
|
140 | (3) |
|
6.11 Integrating the process |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
6.13 Case study: Dubai World Trade Centre |
|
|
145 | (2) |
|
6.13.1 Background to the case study |
|
|
145 | (2) |
|
6.14 Discussion questions |
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
|
147 | (3) |
|
7 Managing Cultural Complexity in Global Projects |
|
|
150 | (37) |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
7.4 Integration of multicultural project teams |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
7.5 Unifying multicultural thinking |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
7.6 Current issues on internationalisation |
|
|
153 | (4) |
|
7.7 Managing change in project teams |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
7.8 Communication across multicultural project teams |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
7.9 Working across different standards |
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
7.10 Dealing with diversity and values |
|
|
160 | (2) |
|
7.11 Dealing with project complexity, cultural complexity and uncertainty |
|
|
162 | (3) |
|
7.12 Challenges of technological and organisational transfers between countries and cultures |
|
|
165 | (2) |
|
7.13 National culture and project management |
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
7.14 Aligning your organisation's culture with strategy |
|
|
168 | (2) |
|
7.15 Building an organisational culture of sustainability |
|
|
170 | (1) |
|
7.16 Proposing a competent organisational cross-cultural framework |
|
|
171 | (4) |
|
7.17 Building effective multicultural teams at all levels and stages of the project organisation |
|
|
175 | (2) |
|
7.18 Team integration principles |
|
|
177 | (1) |
|
7.19 Techniques for global team integration |
|
|
178 | (1) |
|
|
179 | (1) |
|
7.21 Case study: China's infrastructure footprint in Africa |
|
|
179 | (2) |
|
7.22 Discussion questions |
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
|
181 | (6) |
|
8 Partnering and Alliancing in Global Projects |
|
|
187 | (22) |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
8.3 Inter-organisational excellence |
|
|
188 | (3) |
|
8.3.1 The need to improve construction project performance |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
8.3.3 Egan and the construction task force |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
8.3.4 Long-term arrangements |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
8.4 Changing perceptions of quality within construction |
|
|
191 | (2) |
|
8.4.1 Introduction to quality and performance concepts |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
8.4.2 TQM and inter-organisational collaboration |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
8.4.3 TQM and the project alliance |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
8.5 Improving project performance |
|
|
193 | (3) |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
8.5.3 Supply chain perspectives |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
8.6 Relationship management and contracting |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
8.6.1 Relationship management |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
8.6.2 Relationship contracting |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
8.7 Partnering and alliancing |
|
|
197 | (9) |
|
8.7.1 Definition of partnering |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
8.7.2 Different types of partnering |
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
8.7.3 Early partnering developments |
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
8.7.4 Drivers for partnering and alliancing |
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
8.7.5 Strategic alliances |
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
8.7.6 Prerequisites to successful partnering in global construction projects |
|
|
201 | (3) |
|
8.7.7 Cost and benefits of partnering and alliancing |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
8.7.8 Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Private Finance Initiative (PFI) |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
8.7.9 Typical problem and potential solution |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
|
206 | (1) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
|
207 | (2) |
|
9 Financing Global Construction Projects |
|
|
209 | (29) |
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
9.3 Global corporate financing |
|
|
210 | (3) |
|
9.3.1 Corporate financing |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
9.3.3 Medium-term finance |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
9.4.2 Senior or junior loans (debt) |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
9.5 Syndicated loans and commercial bonds |
|
|
214 | (3) |
|
|
214 | (2) |
|
9.5.2 Parties to a syndicated loan |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
9.5.3 Steps in completing a syndicated loan |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
9.6 Global project finance |
|
|
217 | (2) |
|
9.6.1 Advantages of project finance |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
9.6.2 Disadvantages of project finance |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
9.6.3 Build-operate-transfer |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
|
219 | (2) |
|
9.7.1 Single-purpose entities and guarantees |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
9.7.2 Take-or-pay and throughput contracts |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
9.7.3 Owner/sponsor guarantees |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
|
221 | (2) |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
9.8.2 Forms of reciprocal trade |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
9.9 Development bank project finance procedures |
|
|
223 | (3) |
|
9.9.1 Development projects |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
9.9.3 The World Bank Group |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
9.9.4 The World Bank project cycle |
|
|
224 | (2) |
|
9.10 Financial risk assessment and management |
|
|
226 | (8) |
|
9.10.1 Certainty, risk and uncertainty |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
9.10.3 Risk identification: project-related risks |
|
|
227 | (1) |
|
9.10.4 Risk identification: business strategy |
|
|
228 | (2) |
|
9.10.5 Risk identification: management or accounting |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
9.10.6 Evaluation of risk |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
9.10.7 The use of bonds to offset risk |
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
9.10.8 The use of guarantees to offset risk |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
9.10.9 Insurance to offset risk |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
9.10.10 Modelling and monitoring project cost |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
9.11 Case study: Channel Tunnel |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
9.13 Discussion questions |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
|
236 | (2) |
|
10 Factors Affecting Perspectives on Uncertainty and Risk in Global Projects |
|
|
238 | (28) |
|
|
238 | (1) |
|
|
239 | (1) |
|
|
239 | (4) |
|
|
240 | (3) |
|
10.4 Non-human behaviours |
|
|
243 | (4) |
|
|
247 | (3) |
|
10.6 Differentiating between uncertainty, risk and hazards in projects |
|
|
250 | (3) |
|
10.6.1 Impact of uncertainty |
|
|
252 | (1) |
|
10.7 Perception of risk and uncertainty |
|
|
253 | (2) |
|
10.8 Responses to risk - response decisions |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
10.9 The `optimal response' concept |
|
|
256 | (2) |
|
10.9.1 Secondary uncertainties |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
10.10 Uncertainty and success/failure ambiguities |
|
|
258 | (2) |
|
10.11 Global perspectives on uncertainty |
|
|
260 | (2) |
|
10.12 Tools and techniques for managing risk/uncertainty |
|
|
262 | (2) |
|
10.12.1 Restructure the risk |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
10.14 Discussion questions |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
11 Global Sustainable Development and Construction |
|
|
266 | (30) |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
11.3 Background to sustainable development |
|
|
266 | (6) |
|
11.3.1 Origins and definitions of sustainable development |
|
|
266 | (2) |
|
11.3.2 Sustainable construction |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
11.3.3 Sustainable development and the EU |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
11.3.4 The triple bottom line |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
11.3.5 Resilience of the global construction projects |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
272 | (4) |
|
11.4.1 Background to social capital |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
11.4.2 Definition(s) of social capital |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
11.4.3 Types of social capital |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
11.4.4 Why social capital in urban sustainability development? |
|
|
274 | (1) |
|
11.4.5 Social capital and the physical urban environment |
|
|
274 | (1) |
|
11.4.6 Physical determinants of social capital |
|
|
275 | (1) |
|
11.5 Corporate social responsibility |
|
|
276 | (4) |
|
11.5.1 Globalisation and corporate growth |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
11.5.2 Corporate social responsibility and corporate responsibility |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
11.5.3 Corporate responsibility and profitability |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
11.5.4 Developing a social conscience: business ethics |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
11.5.5 Construction ethics |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
11.5.6 Shareholders and stakeholders |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
11.5.8 Reporting corporate and social responsibility |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
11.6 Sustainability assessment |
|
|
280 | (3) |
|
11.6.1 Need for incentives in sustainability assessment |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
11.6.2 Barriers to sustainability assessment |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
11.6.3 Perceptual and behavioural barriers |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
11.6.4 Institutional barriers |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
11.6.6 Social return on investment (SROI) |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
11.7 Promotion of best sustainable practice |
|
|
283 | (4) |
|
11.7.1 Managing sustainable projects |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
11.7.2 Business case for sustainable development |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
11.7.3 CR is good business |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
11.7.4 Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
11.7.5 Successful SCM: two schools of thought |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
11.7.6 Barriers to integrating sustainability issues in SCM |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
11.8 Infrastructure projects in developing countries |
|
|
287 | (3) |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
11.8.3 External funding issues |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
11.8.4 Stakeholder and community participation |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
11.8.5 Economic sustainability |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
11.8.6 Environmental sustainability |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
11.8.7 Social sustainability - quality of life aspects |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
11.9 Governments taking actions |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
11.10 Case study: London Olympics 2012 |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
11.12 Discussion questions |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (4) |
|
12 Conclusions: Global Construction Project Management |
|
|
296 | (28) |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
12.3 Implementation of global construction projects |
|
|
297 | (2) |
|
12.3.1 Tackling bribery and corruption during implementation |
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
12.4 Comparison of identified project practices |
|
|
299 | (2) |
|
12.5 Information and communication technology in global construction projects |
|
|
301 | (2) |
|
12.6 Barriers, benefits and attributes of inter-organisational ICT |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
12.7 Implementation of ICT on construction projects: the way forward |
|
|
304 | (2) |
|
12.8 The value of project management learning and higher education |
|
|
306 | (12) |
|
12.8.1 Nurturing global project management in higher education |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
12.8.2 Differences between APM, PMI and PRINCE2 |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
12.8.3 Association of Project Management |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
12.8.4 Association for Project Management Group (APMG) |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
12.8.5 Project Management Institute (PMI) |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
12.8.6 Choosing your project management qualification |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
12.8.7 Amalgamating APM, PMI and PRINCE2 qualifications |
|
|
315 | (3) |
|
12.9 Chapter and book summary |
|
|
318 | (4) |
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12.9.1 Case study: Itaipu Dam (Brazil and Paraguay) |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
12.9.2 Discussion questions |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
322 | (2) |
Index |
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324 | |