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El. knyga: Managing Aviation Projects from Concept to Completion

  • Formatas: 528 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 22-Feb-2016
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317101949
  • Formatas: 528 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 22-Feb-2016
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317101949

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Triant Flouris is a prominent academic and administrator in aviation management education; Dennis Lock has more than forty years experience in practising, lecturing and writing about project management. When these two experts combined their considerable talents to write their earlier book Aviation Project Management, it was little wonder that distinguished reviewers gave generous praise and acclaimed it as a welcome addition to what, until then, had been a neglected field. That first title was structured as an essential primer for managers and students. The authors have now written this more in-depth book for managers and students who need to study aviation project management in much greater detail, as well as critically connect project management within an aviation context to prudent business decision-making. Aviation project management is described in considerable detail throughout all stages of a lifecycle that begins when the project is only a vague concept and does not end until the project has been successfully completed, fully documented, and put into operational service. Aviation projects have commonly failed to deliver their expected outcomes on time and have greatly exceeded their intended budgets. Many of those failures would have been prevented if the project managers had adhered to the sound principles of project management, as described and demonstrated throughout this book.

Recenzijos

'As the former director of the George Washington University Aviation Institute and with many years of academic work in this area, I can attest to the serious need for this book in aviation project management. The state of the US airline industry, and to some extent the increasing complexity of the aviation and civil aerospace industry, has put a heavier burden on the need for streamlined management of the industry as a whole. This book is an important contribution to the body of knowledge and will make a tremendous impact on educating the aviation managers of present and future.' Vahid Motevalli, Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Purdue University, USA 'Managing Aviation Projects from Concept to Completion, by Triant G.Flouris and Dennis Lock is a good read with some very valuable information that usually can be gained only from years of experience. Read it, and then read it again...' Journal of Airport Management, Vol 4 No 3, 2010

List of Figures xiii
Acknowledgments xix
Foreword by William DeCota xxi
Foreword by Dr Yiannis Paraschis xxv
Preface xxvii
1 The Nature of Projects and their Management
1
An introduction to project management
1
Four different types of projects
2
Project life cycles and life histories
5
Four principal players in a project life cycle
10
Project management—a matter of common sense, logical reasoning and determination
10
Senior management support
11
References
11
2 Factors for Project Success or Failure
13
Success or failure factors in relation to the initial project definition
13
Three primary success or failure factors that are particularly relevant to the project execution phase
15
Trade-offs between the time, cost and performance objectives
18
Perceptions of project success or failure beyond the three primary objectives
22
Identifying and ranking the stakeholders
23
Benefits realization from a large aviation project
26
Case example: Denver International Airport—a project with failure built in from the start
28
Conclusion
29
References
29
3 Project Definition
31
Aspects of project definition for external and internal projects
31
Project definition through the project life cycle
32
Safeguards for projects which are difficult or impossible to define
34
Checklists as an aid to project definition
36
Defining projects proposed by external clients or customers
39
Defining the project scope
44
Defining internally funded projects
44
Documenting the project specification
47
4 Strategic Decisions
51
What are strategic decisions?
51
Examples of early strategic questions and the strategic management process
52
The strategic management process
54
Questions of project definition and methodology
57
Questions of project resources
58
Questions of in-house management competence
59
SWOT analysis as a tool for considering the competition and business environment
60
Formulating project strategy under uncertainty
64
Early dealings with regulatory bodies of the aviation industry
68
References
69
5 Estimating the Project Costs
71
Introduction to cost estimating
71
Cost accounting terms commonly used in project cost estimating and cost control
73
Accuracy or reliability of cost estimates
75
Top-down or bottom-up?
77
Compiling the project task list for bottom-up estimates
78
Documenting the cost estimates
81
Estimating manufacturing costs
88
Estimating project labor costs
90
Estimates for material and equipment costs
93
Personal estimating characteristics
94
Reviewing the cost estimates
96
Version control of project cost estimates
97
6 Evaluating an Aviation Investment Project and Preparing a Business Case
99
Projects carried out by contractors for external customers
99
Investment projects
100
The dimension of time in project financial evaluations
101
Introduction to project financial feasibility analysis
101
Case example: An airport visitors' center building project
103
The simple payback method of project financial appraisal
107
Discounting the cash flows
111
How much confidence can we place in the data?
114
Preparing and presenting a business case
118
Project funding
119
7 Project Authorization
121
Purposes of a project authorization procedure
121
Project authorization as a chain reaction
122
Many variations on the authorization theme
122
Authorization criteria for multiple projects
127
Project registration and numbering
127
Distribution of project authorization documents
128
Authorizing work without a contract or customer's order
128
References
131
8 Organizing the Project
133
Organization charts
133
Introductory observations about organization in project companies
136
Coordinated matrix organizations
137
Matrix solutions for multiple projects
141
Project team organizations
142
Team or matrix: which organization is best?
144
Hybrid organizations
146
Contract matrix organizations
148
Joint venture projects
149
9 Some Key Roles and Stakeholders in the Project Organization
151
The role of senior management in projects
151
The project customer (or owner)
152
The financial institutions
153
The design engineers and managers
153
The project manager
154
Director of projects or program manager
157
The project engineer
158
Project support office
159
References
160
10 Work Breakdown and Coding 161
The WBS concept
161
WBS examples
162
Coding systems
165
Examples of coding systems
167
Benefits of a logical coding system
172
Choosing a coding system
175
What happens when the customer says 'You shall use my coding system!'?
176
References
177
11 Relating the Project Dimensions of Work, Organization and Cost 179
Dimensions of a typical aviation project
179
Managing the incomprehensible and creating order out of chaos
180
Introducing the project OBS
182
A project case example
183
Relationship between the project WBS and OBS
186
Introducing the CBS
188
Case example: cash crisis at Jet-U-There
189
12 Introduction to Detailed Project Planning 201
A demonstration case example
202
Planning the 4J airstrip project by the diary method
204
A simple remedy for the 4J airstrip project
206
Limitations of Gantt charts
209
13 An Introduction to Critical Path Network Analysis 211
A general introduction to critical path project planning
211
Activity-on-arrow network diagrams
215
The 4J airstrip project planned using an arrow network diagram
220
Activity-on-node (precedence) network diagrams
223
The 4J airstrip project planned using a precedence diagram
227
Dummy activities in precedence networks
232
References
233
14 Critical Path Network Analysis in More Practical Detail 235
Making a detailed plan for a new project
235
Level of detail in the project schedule
238
Estimating task durations
241
Rolling wave planning
242
Use of PERT to resolve uncertainty in estimated task durations
243
Hangar restoration project: A case example planned using PERT
244
What if the predicted timescale is too long?
246
Time/cost optimization through crashing
247
Fast-tracking to accelerate project delivery without adding cost
248
Extreme measures
250
References
250
15 Principles of Resource Scheduling 251
The nature of project resources
252
Resource scheduling without a computer
254
A Gantt chart resource scheduling case example
255
Time-limited and resource-limited schedules
261
The significance of float in resource scheduling
262
16 More Advanced Aspects of Resource Scheduling 267
Choosing which resources to schedule
267
Specifying resource availability levels
270
Specifying cost rates for labor and materials
271
Allocating resource quantities to tasks
272
Scheduling more complex tasks
273
Using different calendars
274
Multi-project scheduling
276
Administration of the multi-project model
278
Project resource scheduling in the corporate context
281
What-if testing using a multi-project model
281
Choice of software
282
Case example: The Lox Brothers light aircraft development project
282
17 Planning For Risk and Uncertainty in Aviation Projects 297
Introduction to project risk management
297
Uncertainty about time and cost estimates
298
Identifying the possible risks
300
Risk appraisal and analysis
303
Qualitative cause and effect analysis
303
Quantitative analysis
309
Risk register
311
Methods for dealing with risks
312
Insurance
314
Unique properties of aviation insurance
319
Obtaining project insurance
320
Planning for crises and emergencies
321
References
323
18 Contracts and Terms of Payment 325
Contracts
325
Contract payment structures
329
The timing of payments for contracts with external customers
332
Financial viability of participating organizations
333
19 Purchasing—Part 1: Principles and Initial Ordering 335
Introduction to aviation project purchasing
335
The purchasing cycle
336
Requests for quotations
336
Bid receipt procedures for high-priced goods and services
338
Bid evaluation procedures
339
Terms of trade used in international business (Incoterms)
339
Purchase requisitions and orders
341
Purchase orders
342
Timing of orders and deliveries
344
20 Purchasing—Part 2: The Supply Chain 347
Simplest supply chain organizations
347
Complex supply chains in international project purchases
348
Expediting
349
Shortages
354
Receipt of purchased goods and equipment
354
Purchase order amendments
355
Stores administration
355
21 Managing Project Start-up 359
Preliminary organization of the project
359
Correspondence and other documents
361
Engineering standards and procedures
365
Physical preparations and organization
366
Getting work started
368
Issuing detailed planning and work instructions
371
References
374
22 Managing Progress 375
Progress management as a closed loop control system
375
Progress management styles
377
Updating drawing and purchase schedules and records
380
Updating the project network diagram and work schedules
380
Collecting progress information
382
Statistical checks
384
Managing the progress and quality of bought-in materials and equipment
385
Managing sub-contractors and agency employees
385
Routine priority allocation in manufacturing projects
388
When the news is bad
389
Corrective measures
390
Meetings
394
Progress reports
399
References
400
23 Managing Changes 401
Special reasons for managing changes in aviation projects
401
The impact of changes in relation to the project life cycle
402
Origin and classification of changes
402
Authorization arrangements
405
General administration of project changes
408
Forms and procedures
411
Version control for modified drawings and specifications
418
Emergency modifications
419
24 Managing Project Costs 423
Establishing and maintaining project cost budgets
423
Principles of cost control
425
Controlling direct costs
426
Controlling fixed costs and overhead cost recovery
427
Additional cost control factors
428
The total cost approach
429
A checklist of cost management factors
431
Transactions in foreign currencies
432
Cost collection methods
432
Audits and fraud prevention measures
437
Conclusion
438
25 Managing Project Cash Flows 439
Understanding cash flows
439
Cash flows for internally funded projects
441
Methods for scheduling cash flows
441
Case example: scheduling cash flows for the Loxylene aviation fuel project
443
Using project management software to schedule cash flows
446
Conclusion
449
26 Reporting Progress and Costs 451
Milestone analysis
451
Earned value analysis
457
Case example: Using earned value analysis on a project to renew perimeter fencing at an airport
458
Effect of project changes on earned value analysis
464
Predicting and reporting profitability for a whole project
465
Post-mortem
468
Case example: ATM project
468
27 Project Closedown 477
Reasons for closing a project
477
Formal project closure
478
Authorizing post-project expenditure
479
Final project cost records
481
Disposal of surplus materials
481
Final project as-built definition: the end of a continuous process
481
As-built records of ground-based projects
482
As-built condition of a project that is interrupted before completion
484
Additional as-built record requirements for flight-based projects
484
Traceability
486
Bibliography 491
Index 493
Dr Triant Flouris is Dean of the School of Aviation Sciences and Professor of Aviation Management at Daniel Webster College. He is the author of numerous journal articles and several books and a well known global expert on aviation management.