List of Figures |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
Foreword by William DeCota |
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xxi | |
Foreword by Dr Yiannis Paraschis |
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xxv | |
Preface |
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xxvii | |
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1 The Nature of Projects and their Management |
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1 | |
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An introduction to project management |
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1 | |
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Four different types of projects |
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2 | |
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Project life cycles and life histories |
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5 | |
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Four principal players in a project life cycle |
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10 | |
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Project managementa matter of common sense, logical reasoning and determination |
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10 | |
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Senior management support |
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11 | |
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11 | |
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2 Factors for Project Success or Failure |
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13 | |
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Success or failure factors in relation to the initial project definition |
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13 | |
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Three primary success or failure factors that are particularly relevant to the project execution phase |
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15 | |
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Trade-offs between the time, cost and performance objectives |
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18 | |
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Perceptions of project success or failure beyond the three primary objectives |
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22 | |
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Identifying and ranking the stakeholders |
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23 | |
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Benefits realization from a large aviation project |
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26 | |
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Case example: Denver International Airporta project with failure built in from the start |
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28 | |
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29 | |
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29 | |
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31 | |
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Aspects of project definition for external and internal projects |
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31 | |
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Project definition through the project life cycle |
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32 | |
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Safeguards for projects which are difficult or impossible to define |
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34 | |
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Checklists as an aid to project definition |
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36 | |
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Defining projects proposed by external clients or customers |
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39 | |
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Defining the project scope |
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44 | |
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Defining internally funded projects |
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44 | |
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Documenting the project specification |
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47 | |
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51 | |
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What are strategic decisions? |
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51 | |
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Examples of early strategic questions and the strategic management process |
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52 | |
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The strategic management process |
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54 | |
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Questions of project definition and methodology |
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57 | |
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Questions of project resources |
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58 | |
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Questions of in-house management competence |
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59 | |
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SWOT analysis as a tool for considering the competition and business environment |
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60 | |
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Formulating project strategy under uncertainty |
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64 | |
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Early dealings with regulatory bodies of the aviation industry |
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68 | |
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69 | |
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5 Estimating the Project Costs |
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71 | |
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Introduction to cost estimating |
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71 | |
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Cost accounting terms commonly used in project cost estimating and cost control |
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73 | |
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Accuracy or reliability of cost estimates |
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75 | |
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77 | |
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Compiling the project task list for bottom-up estimates |
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78 | |
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Documenting the cost estimates |
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81 | |
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Estimating manufacturing costs |
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88 | |
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Estimating project labor costs |
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90 | |
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Estimates for material and equipment costs |
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93 | |
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Personal estimating characteristics |
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94 | |
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Reviewing the cost estimates |
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96 | |
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Version control of project cost estimates |
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97 | |
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6 Evaluating an Aviation Investment Project and Preparing a Business Case |
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99 | |
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Projects carried out by contractors for external customers |
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99 | |
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100 | |
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The dimension of time in project financial evaluations |
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101 | |
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Introduction to project financial feasibility analysis |
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101 | |
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Case example: An airport visitors' center building project |
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103 | |
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The simple payback method of project financial appraisal |
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107 | |
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Discounting the cash flows |
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111 | |
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How much confidence can we place in the data? |
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114 | |
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Preparing and presenting a business case |
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118 | |
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119 | |
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121 | |
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Purposes of a project authorization procedure |
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121 | |
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Project authorization as a chain reaction |
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122 | |
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Many variations on the authorization theme |
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122 | |
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Authorization criteria for multiple projects |
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127 | |
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Project registration and numbering |
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127 | |
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Distribution of project authorization documents |
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128 | |
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Authorizing work without a contract or customer's order |
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128 | |
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131 | |
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133 | |
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133 | |
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Introductory observations about organization in project companies |
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136 | |
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Coordinated matrix organizations |
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137 | |
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Matrix solutions for multiple projects |
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141 | |
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Project team organizations |
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142 | |
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Team or matrix: which organization is best? |
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144 | |
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146 | |
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Contract matrix organizations |
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148 | |
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149 | |
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9 Some Key Roles and Stakeholders in the Project Organization |
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151 | |
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The role of senior management in projects |
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151 | |
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The project customer (or owner) |
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152 | |
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The financial institutions |
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153 | |
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The design engineers and managers |
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153 | |
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154 | |
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Director of projects or program manager |
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157 | |
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158 | |
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159 | |
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160 | |
10 Work Breakdown and Coding |
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161 | |
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161 | |
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162 | |
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165 | |
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Examples of coding systems |
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167 | |
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Benefits of a logical coding system |
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172 | |
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175 | |
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What happens when the customer says 'You shall use my coding system!'? |
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176 | |
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177 | |
11 Relating the Project Dimensions of Work, Organization and Cost |
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179 | |
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Dimensions of a typical aviation project |
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179 | |
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Managing the incomprehensible and creating order out of chaos |
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180 | |
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Introducing the project OBS |
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182 | |
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183 | |
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Relationship between the project WBS and OBS |
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186 | |
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188 | |
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Case example: cash crisis at Jet-U-There |
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189 | |
12 Introduction to Detailed Project Planning |
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201 | |
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A demonstration case example |
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202 | |
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Planning the 4J airstrip project by the diary method |
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204 | |
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A simple remedy for the 4J airstrip project |
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206 | |
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Limitations of Gantt charts |
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209 | |
13 An Introduction to Critical Path Network Analysis |
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211 | |
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A general introduction to critical path project planning |
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211 | |
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Activity-on-arrow network diagrams |
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215 | |
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The 4J airstrip project planned using an arrow network diagram |
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220 | |
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Activity-on-node (precedence) network diagrams |
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223 | |
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The 4J airstrip project planned using a precedence diagram |
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227 | |
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Dummy activities in precedence networks |
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232 | |
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233 | |
14 Critical Path Network Analysis in More Practical Detail |
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235 | |
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Making a detailed plan for a new project |
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235 | |
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Level of detail in the project schedule |
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238 | |
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Estimating task durations |
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241 | |
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242 | |
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Use of PERT to resolve uncertainty in estimated task durations |
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243 | |
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Hangar restoration project: A case example planned using PERT |
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244 | |
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What if the predicted timescale is too long? |
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246 | |
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Time/cost optimization through crashing |
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247 | |
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Fast-tracking to accelerate project delivery without adding cost |
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248 | |
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250 | |
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250 | |
15 Principles of Resource Scheduling |
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251 | |
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The nature of project resources |
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252 | |
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Resource scheduling without a computer |
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254 | |
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A Gantt chart resource scheduling case example |
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255 | |
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Time-limited and resource-limited schedules |
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261 | |
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The significance of float in resource scheduling |
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262 | |
16 More Advanced Aspects of Resource Scheduling |
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267 | |
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Choosing which resources to schedule |
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267 | |
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Specifying resource availability levels |
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270 | |
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Specifying cost rates for labor and materials |
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271 | |
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Allocating resource quantities to tasks |
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272 | |
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Scheduling more complex tasks |
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273 | |
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Using different calendars |
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274 | |
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276 | |
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Administration of the multi-project model |
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278 | |
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Project resource scheduling in the corporate context |
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281 | |
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What-if testing using a multi-project model |
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281 | |
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282 | |
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Case example: The Lox Brothers light aircraft development project |
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282 | |
17 Planning For Risk and Uncertainty in Aviation Projects |
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297 | |
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Introduction to project risk management |
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297 | |
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Uncertainty about time and cost estimates |
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298 | |
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Identifying the possible risks |
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300 | |
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Risk appraisal and analysis |
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303 | |
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Qualitative cause and effect analysis |
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303 | |
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309 | |
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311 | |
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Methods for dealing with risks |
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312 | |
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314 | |
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Unique properties of aviation insurance |
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319 | |
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Obtaining project insurance |
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320 | |
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Planning for crises and emergencies |
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321 | |
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323 | |
18 Contracts and Terms of Payment |
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325 | |
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325 | |
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Contract payment structures |
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329 | |
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The timing of payments for contracts with external customers |
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332 | |
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Financial viability of participating organizations |
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333 | |
19 PurchasingPart 1: Principles and Initial Ordering |
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335 | |
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Introduction to aviation project purchasing |
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335 | |
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336 | |
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336 | |
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Bid receipt procedures for high-priced goods and services |
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338 | |
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Bid evaluation procedures |
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339 | |
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Terms of trade used in international business (Incoterms) |
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339 | |
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Purchase requisitions and orders |
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341 | |
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342 | |
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Timing of orders and deliveries |
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344 | |
20 PurchasingPart 2: The Supply Chain |
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347 | |
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Simplest supply chain organizations |
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347 | |
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Complex supply chains in international project purchases |
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348 | |
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349 | |
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354 | |
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Receipt of purchased goods and equipment |
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354 | |
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Purchase order amendments |
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355 | |
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355 | |
21 Managing Project Start-up |
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359 | |
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Preliminary organization of the project |
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359 | |
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Correspondence and other documents |
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361 | |
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Engineering standards and procedures |
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365 | |
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Physical preparations and organization |
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366 | |
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368 | |
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Issuing detailed planning and work instructions |
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371 | |
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374 | |
22 Managing Progress |
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375 | |
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Progress management as a closed loop control system |
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375 | |
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Progress management styles |
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377 | |
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Updating drawing and purchase schedules and records |
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380 | |
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Updating the project network diagram and work schedules |
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380 | |
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Collecting progress information |
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382 | |
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384 | |
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Managing the progress and quality of bought-in materials and equipment |
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385 | |
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Managing sub-contractors and agency employees |
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385 | |
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Routine priority allocation in manufacturing projects |
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388 | |
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389 | |
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390 | |
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394 | |
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399 | |
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400 | |
23 Managing Changes |
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401 | |
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Special reasons for managing changes in aviation projects |
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401 | |
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The impact of changes in relation to the project life cycle |
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402 | |
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Origin and classification of changes |
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402 | |
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Authorization arrangements |
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405 | |
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General administration of project changes |
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408 | |
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411 | |
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Version control for modified drawings and specifications |
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418 | |
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419 | |
24 Managing Project Costs |
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423 | |
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Establishing and maintaining project cost budgets |
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423 | |
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Principles of cost control |
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425 | |
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426 | |
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Controlling fixed costs and overhead cost recovery |
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427 | |
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Additional cost control factors |
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428 | |
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429 | |
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A checklist of cost management factors |
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431 | |
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Transactions in foreign currencies |
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432 | |
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432 | |
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Audits and fraud prevention measures |
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437 | |
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438 | |
25 Managing Project Cash Flows |
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439 | |
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439 | |
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Cash flows for internally funded projects |
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441 | |
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Methods for scheduling cash flows |
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441 | |
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Case example: scheduling cash flows for the Loxylene aviation fuel project |
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443 | |
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Using project management software to schedule cash flows |
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446 | |
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449 | |
26 Reporting Progress and Costs |
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451 | |
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451 | |
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457 | |
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Case example: Using earned value analysis on a project to renew perimeter fencing at an airport |
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458 | |
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Effect of project changes on earned value analysis |
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464 | |
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Predicting and reporting profitability for a whole project |
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465 | |
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468 | |
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Case example: ATM project |
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468 | |
27 Project Closedown |
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477 | |
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Reasons for closing a project |
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477 | |
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478 | |
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Authorizing post-project expenditure |
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479 | |
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Final project cost records |
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481 | |
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Disposal of surplus materials |
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481 | |
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Final project as-built definition: the end of a continuous process |
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481 | |
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As-built records of ground-based projects |
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482 | |
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As-built condition of a project that is interrupted before completion |
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484 | |
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Additional as-built record requirements for flight-based projects |
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484 | |
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486 | |
Bibliography |
|
491 | |
Index |
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493 | |