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xiii | |
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1 | (114) |
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1 Why do we have global warming? |
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3 | (14) |
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1.1 The greenhouse effect |
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3 | (2) |
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1.2 The root cause of global warming |
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5 | (2) |
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1.3 Other causes of global warming and climate change Including global cooling |
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7 | (2) |
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1.4 Indicators of climate change |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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1.6 What must be done to reduce global warming? |
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10 | (1) |
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1.7 Are wt making progress in reducing global warming? |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (4) |
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14 | (3) |
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2 The Paris Agreement---Implications for greenhouse gas removal and zero emissions energy production |
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17 | (50) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (4) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (25) |
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2.5 Applying plausibility |
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48 | (11) |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (3) |
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65 | (2) |
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3 Current status of electricity generation in the world and future of nuclear power industry |
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67 | (48) |
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1.1 Statistics on electricity generation in the world |
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69 | (17) |
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3.2 Share and operation of various energy sources in an electrical end |
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86 | (9) |
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3.3 Modern thermal power plants |
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95 | (7) |
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3.4 Modern nuclear power reactors and nuclear power plants |
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102 | (9) |
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111 | (4) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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Section B Reducing CO2: Fossil Fuels, Nuclear Energy |
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115 | (122) |
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4 Current and future nuclear power reactors and plants |
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117 | (82) |
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120 | (2) |
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4.2 Current nuclear power reactors and NPPs |
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122 | (26) |
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4.3 Generation IV International Forum |
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148 | (18) |
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4.4 Comparison of thermophysical properties of reactor coolants |
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166 | (18) |
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4.5 Concise overview of conventional and alternative nuclear fuels |
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184 | (15) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (5) |
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5 Nuclear fusion: What of the future? |
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199 | (22) |
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5.1 The promise of fusion |
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199 | (4) |
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203 | (4) |
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5.3 Main technology challenges |
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207 | (5) |
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5.4 Fusion's role in future energy markets |
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212 | (2) |
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5.5 Status of current research |
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214 | (4) |
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218 | (3) |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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6 Global renewable energy resources and use in 2050 |
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221 | (16) |
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221 | (3) |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (2) |
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6.7 Other possible renewable energy sources |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (5) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (2) |
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Section C Reducing Greenhouse Gases: Renewables and Zero Carbon/Carbon Neutral Forms of Energy and Electric Cars |
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237 | (264) |
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7 Methane hydrate as a "new energy" |
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239 | (26) |
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239 | (5) |
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7.2 Production methods 2-42 |
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7.3 Testing equipment and sample preparation |
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244 | (8) |
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7.4 MH dissociation tests |
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252 | (6) |
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7.5 DEM simulation of MH dissociation process |
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258 | (5) |
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263 | (2) |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (52) |
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266 | (1) |
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8.2 Hydropower generation---Theory |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (3) |
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8.4 Classification according to size---Small and large hydro |
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272 | (1) |
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8.5 Cutting-edge technology |
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273 | (6) |
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8.6 Hydropower resources---Potential |
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279 | (4) |
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8.7 Existing generation---Regional and global stains |
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283 | (6) |
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289 | (7) |
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8.9 Integration into broader energy system |
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296 | (5) |
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8.10 Sustainability issues |
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301 | (9) |
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8.11 Hydropower in the future Potential deployment |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (5) |
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313 | (4) |
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317 | (16) |
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9.1 What is solar energy? |
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317 | (3) |
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9.2 Solar energy adoption |
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320 | (4) |
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9.3 Barriers to solar energy adoption |
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324 | (1) |
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9.4 Research in solar devices |
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325 | (3) |
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9.5 The potential of solar energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions |
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328 | (5) |
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330 | (3) |
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10 Wind power: A sustainable way to limit climate change |
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333 | (32) |
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10.1 Wind among the renewables |
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333 | (3) |
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336 | (3) |
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10.3 Wind energy in a nutshell |
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339 | (3) |
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342 | (9) |
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10.5 Offshore wind farm site selection |
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351 | (2) |
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10.6 Case study: Performance of nearshore wind farm during 2012 Tohoku earthquake |
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353 | (2) |
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10.7 Future of offshore wind farm and sustainability |
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355 | (7) |
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362 | (3) |
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362 | (3) |
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11 Storing electrical energy |
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365 | (14) |
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365 | (1) |
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11.2 Electricity energy storage |
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366 | (2) |
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368 | (2) |
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11.4 Compressed air energy storage |
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370 | (1) |
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11.5 Battery energy storage systems |
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371 | (1) |
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11.6 Liquid air energy storage |
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372 | (1) |
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11.7 Superconducting magnetic storage |
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373 | (1) |
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11.8 Chemical Storage (H2 and CH4) |
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373 | (1) |
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11.9 Vehicle-to-grid systems |
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374 | (1) |
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11.10 Other methods of storing electrical energy |
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374 | (1) |
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374 | (5) |
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375 | (2) |
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377 | (2) |
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379 | (20) |
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12.1 The role of bioenergy |
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379 | (1) |
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12.2 Advantages of bioenergy |
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380 | (2) |
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12.3 Emission reductions and carbon balance |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (2) |
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12.5 Bioenergy case study: Generating low carbon energy from agricultural & food wastes |
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385 | (2) |
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12.6 Bioenergy case study: Generating low carbon energy from straws & agricultural residues |
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387 | (2) |
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12.7 Bioenergy case study: Generating low carbon energy from energy crops |
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389 | (4) |
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393 | (6) |
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393 | (6) |
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13 Quantifying the climate effects of forest-based bioenergy |
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399 | (11) |
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399 | (1) |
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13.2 The forest carbon cycle |
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400 | (1) |
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13.3 The bioenergy life cycle |
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400 | (1) |
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13.4 Forest bioenergy as a coproduct of forestry |
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401 | (2) |
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13.5 Factors to consider in quantifying the climate effects of forest bioenergy |
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403 | (10) |
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13.6 Summary of recommendations |
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413 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (5) |
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14 Hydrogen fuel, fuel cells, and methane |
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419 | (45) |
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14.1 Introduction, characterizing "given gas" option! |
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419 | (6) |
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14.2 Potential pathways Of renewable gas technology |
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425 | (21) |
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446 | (9) |
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448 | (1) |
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448 | (5) |
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453 | (2) |
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15 An overview of ground-source heat pump technology |
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455 | (32) |
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456 | (2) |
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15.2 Ground-source heat pump (QSHP) system |
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458 | (1) |
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15.3 Components of the OSHP system |
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458 | (3) |
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15.4 Types of ground-source heat pump systems |
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461 | (5) |
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15.5 Design and installation oi ground source heal pump systems |
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466 | (1) |
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15.6 Factors affecting the performance of a QSHP system |
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467 | (2) |
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15.7 Environmental social, and economic impact of the OSHP system |
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469 | (4) |
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15.8 Case studies of OSHP system |
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473 | (8) |
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481 | (6) |
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481 | (4) |
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485 | (2) |
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16 Geological sequestration of carbon dioxide |
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487 | (14) |
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487 | (1) |
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16.2 Overview and engineering aspects of the technology |
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488 | (3) |
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16.3 CO2 geological storage options |
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491 | (4) |
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16.4 Existing worldwide projects |
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495 | (1) |
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16.5 Environmental aspects |
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496 | (2) |
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498 | (3) |
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498 | (1) |
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498 | (3) |
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Section D Reducing CO2: Industry, Farming and Improved Efficiency |
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501 | (78) |
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17 Polymers from plants: Biomass fixed carbon dioxide as a resource |
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503 | (24) |
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503 | (1) |
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17.2 Monomers and polymers from plant biomass |
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504 | (10) |
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17.3 Polymers from plants |
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514 | (4) |
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17.4 Critical considerations for plant-derived chemicals for GHG mitigation |
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518 | (9) |
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521 | (6) |
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18 Carbon Dioxide Utilization as a Mitigation Tool |
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527 | (26) |
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527 | (5) |
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532 | (2) |
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18.3 CO2-derived synthetic fuels and CO2-enhanced oil recovery |
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534 | (2) |
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18.4 Magic hydrogen (r-H2) |
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536 | (1) |
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18.5 The relative importance of synthetic hydrocarbons and oxygenates in a low-C fuel economy |
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537 | (5) |
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18.6 Accelerated mineralization |
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542 | (1) |
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543 | (2) |
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545 | (1) |
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18.9 Where does the future lie? |
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546 | (1) |
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547 | (6) |
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547 | (1) |
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548 | (5) |
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19 Greener farming: managing carbon and nitrogen cycles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture |
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553 | (26) |
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19.1 Climate change and agriculture |
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554 | (1) |
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19.2 Greener farming systems |
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555 | (1) |
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19.3 Improvements in carbon cycling for greenhouse gas mitigation |
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555 | (8) |
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19.4 Improvements in nitrogen cycling and nitrogen-use efficiency for greenhouse gas mitigation |
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563 | (4) |
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19.5 Context specificity and data sources used in greenhouse gas assessments |
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567 | (1) |
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568 | (2) |
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570 | (9) |
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571 | (8) |
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Section E Geo-Engineering |
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579 | (58) |
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20 Geoengineering: Sunlight reflection methods and negative emissions technologies for greenhouse gas removal |
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581 | (56) |
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582 | (1) |
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20.2 The Earth's energy budget imbalance is due to greenhouse gases |
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582 | (2) |
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20.3 Sunlight reflection methods and solar radiation management |
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584 | (8) |
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20.4 Negative emissions technologies |
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592 | (21) |
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20.5 Greenhouse gases removal |
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613 | (3) |
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20.6 Earth (or thermal) radiation management |
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616 | (1) |
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20.7 Geoengineering patents |
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617 | (2) |
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619 | (1) |
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620 | (17) |
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621 | (15) |
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636 | (1) |
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Section F Environmental and Human Issues |
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637 | (146) |
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21 Normative issues of geoengineering technologies |
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639 | (20) |
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639 | (3) |
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21.2 Normative issues raised by geoengineering technologies: An overview |
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642 | (10) |
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21.3 Prom morality to governance: Developing social regulation for NETs and SRMs |
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652 | (2) |
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654 | (5) |
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655 | (1) |
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655 | (4) |
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22 The social cost of carbon: capturing the costs of future climate impacts in US policy |
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659 | (36) |
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659 | (2) |
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22.2 Climate change in the CBA framework |
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661 | (5) |
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22.3 Challenges of including climate change in the CBA framework |
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666 | (20) |
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22.4 The appropriate central SCC value |
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686 | (2) |
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688 | (7) |
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689 | (5) |
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694 | (1) |
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23 Migration and climate change |
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695 | (16) |
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695 | (1) |
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23.2 Regional context and events |
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696 | (2) |
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698 | (3) |
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23.4 Migration governance |
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701 | (6) |
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707 | (4) |
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708 | (3) |
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24 Social justice and climate change |
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711 | (18) |
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711 | (1) |
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24.2 Conceptualizing climate justice |
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712 | (7) |
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24.3 Linking climate justice and fundamental rights |
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719 | (3) |
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722 | (7) |
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723 | (6) |
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25 The economics of geoengineering |
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729 | (22) |
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729 | (2) |
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731 | (2) |
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25.3 Efficiency vs. equity in geoengineering |
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733 | (5) |
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738 | (3) |
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25.5 Risk and uncertainty |
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741 | (4) |
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745 | (6) |
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746 | (5) |
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26 Justice in managing global climate change |
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751 | (18) |
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26.1 Ethical evaluation in managing climate change |
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751 | (1) |
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26.2 The ethical challenges in international climate politics |
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752 | (5) |
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26.3 Domains of climate justice |
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757 | (4) |
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26.4 Differentiating responsibilities |
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761 | (4) |
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765 | (4) |
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766 | (3) |
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27 Local action that changes the world: Fresh perspectives on climate change mitigation and adaptation from Australia |
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769 | (14) |
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769 | (3) |
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27.2 Climate change and the local scale |
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772 | (1) |
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27.3 Local government policy options |
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773 | (3) |
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27.4 Household participation in emission reductions |
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776 | (2) |
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27.5 Individual advocacy and campaigning |
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778 | (2) |
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780 | (3) |
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780 | (3) |
Index |
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783 | |