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Marine Mammals: Adaptations for an Aquatic Life 2019 ed. [Kietas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Hardback, 302 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1046 g, 71 Illustrations, color; 48 Illustrations, black and white; XII, 302 p. 119 illus., 71 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319982788
  • ISBN-13: 9783319982786
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Marine Mammals: Adaptations for an Aquatic Life 2019 ed.Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 302 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1046 g, 71 Illustrations, color; 48 Illustrations, black and white; XII, 302 p. 119 illus., 71 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2019
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319982788
  • ISBN-13: 9783319982786
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9783319982786.html
This comprehensive book provides new insights into the physiological and behavioral adaptations of marine mammals for an aquatic life. It presents a detailed discussion of the anatomical, metabolic, thermoregulatory, locomotory, diving and behavioral adaptations of cetaceans (whales and dolphins), pinnipeds (seals, sea lions and walrus), sirenians (manatees and dugongs) and sea otters. The results are based on past and recent research including the use of new techniques and technology during the past 25 years. Readers will gain an understanding of the remarkable adaptations that enable marine mammals to spend months at sea and make deep, long dives in pursuit of prey.

Recenzijos

This book is the culmination of a tremendous amount of time digging into the scientific literature, and I think that the author has done an excellent job of presenting and summarizing all of this information. (William D. Halliday, The Canadian Field-Naturalist, Vol. 134, 2020)

1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 Physical Challenges of the Marine Environment
1(1)
1.2 Physiological Homeostasis
2(1)
1.3
Chapter Sequence
3(4)
2 Return to the Sea: The Evolution of Marine Mammals
7(22)
2.1 Cetacea
7(9)
2.1.1 Archaeoceti
7(5)
2.1.2 Mysticeti
12(2)
2.1.3 Odontoceti
14(2)
2.2 Sirenia
16(2)
2.3 Pinnipedia
18(2)
2.4 Sea Otters
20(1)
2.5 Evolution of Physiological Adaptations for Aquatic Life
21(2)
2.6 Summary
23(2)
References
25(4)
3 Respiration and the Effects of Pressure
29(28)
3.1 The Alveolar Lungs of Marine Mammals
29(1)
3.2 Lung Volume and Diffusing Capacity
30(1)
3.3 Cartilaginous and Smooth Muscle Reinforcement of Airways
31(1)
3.4 Pulmonary Function
32(3)
3.5 Respiratory Control
35(2)
3.6 Effects of Pressure
37(13)
3.6.1 Barotrauma
38(5)
3.6.2 Blood Gases
43(6)
3.6.3 Effects of Pressure on Proteins and Cell Membranes: High-Pressure Nervous Syndrome
49(1)
3.7 Summary
50(2)
References
52(5)
4 Metabolism and Thermoregulation
57(32)
4.1 Basal Metabolic Rate and Allometry
57(6)
4.2 Thermoregulation
63(20)
4.2.1 Physiological Thermoregulation
63(18)
4.2.2 Behavioral Thermoregulation
81(2)
4.3 Summary
83(2)
References
85(4)
5 Locomotion
89(44)
5.1 Body Shape and Drag
89(9)
5.1.1 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
89(3)
5.1.2 Drag
92(6)
5.2 Thrust and Swimming Modes
98(7)
5.2.1 Fully Aquatic Marine Mammals
98(3)
5.2.2 Amphibious Marine Mammals
101(4)
5.3 Energetics
105(10)
5.3.1 Power Produced by Contracting Muscles
105(1)
5.3.2 Measuring the Energetics of Swimming
105(5)
5.3.3 The Influence of Body Mass on Swimming Energetics
110(1)
5.3.4 Cost per Stroke (CPS)
110(2)
5.3.5 Cost of Transport (COT)
112(2)
5.3.6 Swim Speed
114(1)
5.4 Buoyancy
115(12)
5.4.1 The Effect of Buoyancy During Dives
116(1)
5.4.2 Does Negative Buoyancy Conserve Energy and Extend Aerobic Dive Duration?
117(4)
5.4.3 Individual Differences in Buoyancy
121(1)
5.4.4 Seasonal Changes in Buoyancy
122(1)
5.4.5 Drift Dives
123(1)
5.4.6 Positively Buoyant Marine Mammals
124(3)
5.5 Summary
127(2)
References
129(4)
6 Physiological Adaptations for Breath-Hold Diving
133(44)
6.1 The Dive Response
133(10)
6.1.1 A Historical Perspective
133(5)
6.1.2 The Role of the Dive Response During Voluntary Dives
138(5)
6.2 Autonomic and Conscious Control of the Dive Response
143(3)
6.3 The Role of Globins and Body Oxygen Stores
146(5)
6.4 Tissue Level Adaptations for Maintaining Aerobic Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle
151(6)
6.4.1 Convective Oxygen Transport and Capillarity
151(1)
6.4.2 Myoglobin Distribution
152(1)
6.4.3 Fiber Types
153(2)
6.4.4 Mitochondrial Volume Density
155(1)
6.4.5 Enzyme Activities
156(1)
6.4.6 Lipid Droplets
157(1)
6.5 Tissue Level Adaptations for Maintaining Aerobic Metabolism in Other Organs
157(1)
6.5.1 Heart
157(1)
6.5.2 Splanchnic Organs
158(1)
6.5.3 Kidneys
158(1)
6.6 Renal and Splanchnic Organ Function
158(3)
6.7 Brain Function
161(2)
6.8 Oxidative Stress
163(1)
6.9 Fuel Homeostasis
163(4)
6.10 Summary
167(1)
References
168(9)
7 Sensory Systems
177(42)
7.1 Photoreception (Vision)
177(7)
7.1.1 Cetacea
179(2)
7.1.2 Pinnipedia
181(2)
7.1.3 Sirenia
183(1)
7.1.4 Sea Otters
183(1)
7.2 Mechanoreception
184(11)
7.2.1 Audition and Sound Production
184(7)
7.2.2 Vestibular System
191(2)
7.2.3 Sense of Touch and Vibrissae
193(2)
7.3 Thermoreception
195(1)
7.4 Chemoreception
196(7)
7.4.1 Olfaction (Smell)
196(2)
7.4.2 Vomeronasal System
198(1)
7.4.3 Gustation (Taste)
199(4)
7.5 Electroreception
203(1)
7.6 Magnetoreception
203(4)
7.7 Summary
207(3)
References
210(9)
8 Feeding and Digestion
219(48)
8.1 Morphological Adaptations for Acquiring Food
219(25)
8.1.1 Cetacea
219(9)
8.1.2 Pinnipedia
228(10)
8.1.3 Sea Otters
238(3)
8.1.4 Sirenia
241(3)
8.2 Digestion
244(3)
8.2.1 Carnivory
245(1)
8.2.2 Herbivory
246(1)
8.3 Lactation
247(8)
8.4 Fasting
255(1)
8.5 Summary
256(3)
References
259(8)
9 Sleep
267(12)
9.1 Terrestrial Mammals
267(1)
9.2 Cetacea
268(1)
9.3 Pinnipedia
269(2)
9.3.1 Otariidae
269(1)
9.3.2 Phocidae
269(2)
9.3.3 Odobenidae
271(1)
9.4 Sirenia
271(1)
9.5 Sea Otters
272(1)
9.6 Sleep Strategies
272(3)
9.6.1 Cetacea
273(1)
9.6.2 Otariidae
273(1)
9.6.3 Phocidae and Odobenidae
274(1)
9.6.4 Sirenia
274(1)
9.6.5 Sea Otters
275(1)
9.7 Comparison of Sleep Strategies
275(1)
9.8 Summary
276(1)
References
277(2)
Appendix 1 List of Abbreviations and Symbols 279(2)
Appendix 2 List of Marine Mammals by Latin and Common Name 281(6)
Appendix 3 Maximum Recorded Dive Depths and Durations for Marine Mammals 287(8)
Appendix 4 Estimated Energy Efficiency of an Average Mid-water Foraging Dive for a Weddell Seal in McMurdo Sound During the Austral Spring 295(2)
Glossary 297
Randall William Davis is an educator and researcher who studies the physiology and behavioral ecology of marine mammals and other aquatic vertebrates. His physiological research focuses on adaptations of marine mammals for deep, prolonged diving. Davis has continually emphasized the importance of studying aquatic animals in their natural environment and has spent many years developing animal-borne instruments that record video and monitor three-dimensional movements, swimming performance and environmental variables to better understand their behavior and ecology. His academic endeavors and 95 research expeditions have taken him to 64 countries and territories on seven continents and all of the worlds oceans.