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VOLUME I Modern Mechanics |
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Chapter 1 Interactions and Motion |
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1 | (44) |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 Detecting Interactions |
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4 | (2) |
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1.3 Newton's First Law of Motion |
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6 | (2) |
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1.4 Describing the 3D World: Vectors |
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8 | (9) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (2) |
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1.7 Predicting a New Position |
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20 | (4) |
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24 | (3) |
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1.9 Using Momentum to Update Position |
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27 | (1) |
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1.10 Momentum at High Speeds |
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28 | (3) |
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1.11 Computational Modeling |
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31 | (2) |
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1.12 The Principle of Relativity |
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33 | (3) |
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1.13 *Updating Position at High Speed |
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36 | (9) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 The Momentum Principle |
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45 | (43) |
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2.1 The Momentum Principle |
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45 | (5) |
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2.2 Large Forces and Short Times |
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50 | (5) |
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2.3 Predicting the Future |
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55 | (2) |
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2.4 Iterative Prediction: Constant Net Force |
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57 | (3) |
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2.5 Analytical Prediction: Constant Net Force |
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60 | (5) |
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2.6 Iterative Prediction: Varying Net Force |
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65 | (7) |
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2.7 Iterative Calculations on a Computer |
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72 | (3) |
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2.8 *Derivation: Special-Case Average Velocity |
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75 | (2) |
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77 | (2) |
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2.10 *Measurements and Units |
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79 | (9) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (4) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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Chapter 3 The Fundamental Interactions |
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88 | (42) |
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3.1 The Fundamental Interactions |
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88 | (1) |
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3.2 The Gravitational Force |
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89 | (4) |
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3.3 Approximate Gravitational Force Near the Earth's Surface |
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93 | (2) |
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95 | (1) |
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3.5 Predicting Motion of Gravitationally Interacting Objects |
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96 | (4) |
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3.6 Gravitational Force in Computational Models |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (2) |
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3.8 The Strong Interaction |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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3.10 Conservation of Momentum |
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107 | (3) |
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3.11 The Multiparticle Momentum Principle |
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110 | (3) |
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3.12 Collisions: Negligible External Forces |
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113 | (3) |
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116 | (1) |
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3.14 Predicting the Future of Complex Systems |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (1) |
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3.17 Measuring the Gravitational Constant G |
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122 | (8) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (5) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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Chapter 4 Contact Interactions |
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130 | (43) |
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4.1 Beyond Point Particles |
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130 | (1) |
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4.2 The Ball-Spring Model of a Solid |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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4.4 Length of an Interatomic Bond |
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133 | (2) |
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4.5 The Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond |
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135 | (3) |
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4.6 Stress, Strain, and Young's Modulus |
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138 | (3) |
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4.7 Compression (Normal) Forces |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (3) |
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4.9 Speed of Sound in a Solid and Interatomic Bond Stiffness |
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144 | (2) |
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4.10 Derivative Form of the Momentum Principle |
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146 | (2) |
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4.11 Analytical Solution: Spring-Mass System |
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148 | (4) |
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4.12 Analytical vs. Iterative Solutions |
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152 | (2) |
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4.13 Analytical Expression for Speed of Sound |
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154 | (2) |
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4.14 Contact Forces Due to Gases |
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156 | (4) |
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160 | (1) |
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4.16 *A Vertical Spring-Mass System |
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161 | (1) |
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4.17 *General Solution for the Mass-Spring System |
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161 | (12) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (4) |
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170 | (2) |
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172 | (1) |
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Chapter 5 Determining Forces from Motion |
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173 | (42) |
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173 | (1) |
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5.2 Identifying all Forces |
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173 | (1) |
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5.3 Determining Unknown Forces |
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174 | (2) |
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176 | (8) |
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184 | (1) |
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5.6 Force and Curving Motion |
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185 | (5) |
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5.7 Dp/Dt for Curving Motion |
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190 | (5) |
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5.8 Unknown Forces: Curving Motion |
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195 | (5) |
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5.9 Kinesthetic Sensations |
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200 | (2) |
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5.10 More Complex Problems |
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202 | (13) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (7) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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Chapter 6 The Energy Principle |
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215 | (69) |
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215 | (1) |
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6.2 Energy of a Single Particle |
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216 | (5) |
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6.3 Work: Mechanical Energy Transfer |
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221 | (6) |
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227 | (4) |
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6.5 Change of Rest Energy |
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231 | (3) |
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6.6 Proof of the Energy Principle for a Particle |
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234 | (1) |
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6.7 Potential Energy in Multiparticle Systems |
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235 | (5) |
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6.8 Gravitational Potential Energy |
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240 | (9) |
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6.9 Electric Potential Energy |
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249 | (1) |
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6.10 Plotting Energy vs. Separation |
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250 | (5) |
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6.11 General Properties of Potential Energy |
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255 | (3) |
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6.12 The Mass of a Multiparticle System |
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258 | (5) |
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6.13 Reflection: Why Energy? |
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263 | (1) |
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6.14 Identifying Initial and Final States |
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264 | (4) |
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6.15 Energy in Computational Models |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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6.17 *Gradient of Potential Energy |
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270 | (1) |
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6.18 *Integrals and Antiderivatives |
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271 | (1) |
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6.19 *Approximation for Kinetic Energy |
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272 | (1) |
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6.20 *Finding the Expression for Particle Energy |
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273 | (1) |
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6.21 *Finding an Angle from the Dot Product |
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274 | (10) |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (6) |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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Chapter 7 Internal Energy |
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284 | (39) |
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284 | (1) |
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7.2 Potential Energy of Macroscopic Springs |
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284 | (6) |
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7.3 Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (5) |
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7.5 Energy Transfer Due to a Temperature Difference |
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297 | (3) |
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7.6 Power: Energy per Unit Time |
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300 | (1) |
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7.7 Open and Closed Systems |
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300 | (2) |
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7.8 The Choice of System Affects Energy Accounting |
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302 | (2) |
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7.9 The Choice of Reference Frame Affects Energy Accounting |
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304 | (2) |
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306 | (6) |
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7.11 Energy Dissipation in Computational Models |
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312 | (2) |
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314 | (9) |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (3) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (2) |
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Chapter 8 Energy Quantization |
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323 | (26) |
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323 | (1) |
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8.2 Electronic Energy Levels |
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324 | (10) |
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8.3 The Effect of Temperature |
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334 | (1) |
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8.4 Vibrational Energy Levels |
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335 | (3) |
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8.5 Rotational Energy Levels |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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8.7 Comparison of Energy-Level Spacings |
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339 | (1) |
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8.8 *Random Emission Time |
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340 | (1) |
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8.9 *Case Study: How a Laser Works |
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340 | (2) |
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8.10 *Wavelength of Light |
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342 | (7) |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (2) |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (1) |
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Chapter 9 Translational, Rotational, and Vibrational Energy |
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349 | (34) |
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9.1 Separation of Multiparticle System Energy |
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349 | (4) |
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9.2 Rotational Kinetic Energy |
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353 | (6) |
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9.3 Comparing Two Models of a System |
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359 | (9) |
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9.4 Modeling Friction in Detail |
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368 | (5) |
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9.5 *Derivation: Kinetic Energy of a Multiparticle System |
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373 | (1) |
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9.6 *Derivation: The Point Particle Energy Equation |
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374 | (9) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (5) |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (33) |
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383 | (1) |
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10.2 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions |
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384 | (2) |
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10.3 A Head-on Collision of Equal Masses |
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386 | (3) |
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10.4 Head-on Collisions Between Unequal Masses |
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389 | (2) |
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391 | (1) |
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10.6 Scattering: Collisions in 2D and 3D |
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392 | (3) |
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10.7 Discovering the Nucleus Inside Atoms |
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395 | (3) |
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10.8 Distribution of Scattering Angles |
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398 | (2) |
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10.9 Computational and Analytical Approaches |
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400 | (1) |
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10.10 Relativistic Momentum and Energy |
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401 | (2) |
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10.11 Inelastic Collisions and Quantized Energy |
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403 | (2) |
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10.12 Collisions in Other Reference Frames |
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405 | (11) |
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410 | (1) |
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410 | (1) |
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411 | (3) |
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414 | (1) |
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415 | (1) |
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Chapter 11 Angular Momentum |
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416 | (56) |
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11.1 Translational Angular Momentum |
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416 | (6) |
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11.2 Rotational Angular Momentum |
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422 | (3) |
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11.3 Total Angular Momentum |
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425 | (1) |
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426 | (2) |
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11.5 The Angular Momentum Principle |
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428 | (2) |
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11.6 Multiparticle Systems |
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430 | (2) |
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11.7 Systems with Zero Torque |
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432 | (9) |
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11.8 Systems with Nonzero Torques |
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441 | (2) |
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11.9 Predicting Positions When There is Rotation |
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443 | (2) |
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11.10 Computation and Angular Momentum |
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445 | (1) |
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11.11 Angular Momentum Quantization |
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445 | (5) |
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450 | (5) |
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11.13 *More on Moment of Inertia |
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455 | (17) |
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457 | (1) |
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458 | (1) |
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459 | (10) |
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469 | (2) |
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471 | (1) |
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Chapter 12 Entropy: Limits on the Possible |
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472 | (41) |
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472 | (1) |
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12.2 The Einstein Model of a Solid |
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473 | (7) |
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12.3 Thermal Equilibrium of Blocks in Contact |
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480 | (4) |
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12.4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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484 | (1) |
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12.5 What is Temperature? |
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485 | (3) |
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12.6 Specific Heat of a Solid |
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488 | (5) |
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12.7 Computational Models |
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493 | (1) |
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12.8 The Boltzmann Distribution |
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494 | (4) |
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12.9 The Boltzmann Distribution in a Gas |
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498 | (15) |
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506 | (1) |
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507 | (1) |
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508 | (3) |
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511 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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VOLUME II Electric and Magnetic Interactions |
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Chapter 13 Electric Field |
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513 | (33) |
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513 | (1) |
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13.2 Electric Charge and Force |
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513 | (2) |
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13.3 The Concept of "Electric Field" |
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515 | (4) |
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13.4 The Electric Field of a Point Charge |
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519 | (3) |
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13.5 Superposition of Electric Fields |
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522 | (2) |
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13.6 The Electric Field of a Dipole |
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524 | (8) |
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532 | (1) |
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13.8 Is Electric Field Real? |
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533 | (2) |
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13.9 Computational Modeling of Electric Fields |
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535 | (11) |
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538 | (1) |
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539 | (1) |
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540 | (4) |
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544 | (1) |
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545 | (1) |
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Chapter 14 Electric Fields and Matter |
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546 | (42) |
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14.1 Charged Particles in Matter |
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546 | (2) |
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14.2 How Objects Become Charged |
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548 | (3) |
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14.3 Polarization of Atoms |
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551 | (6) |
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14.4 Polarization of Insulators |
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557 | (1) |
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14.5 Polarization of Conductors |
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558 | (3) |
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14.6 Charge Motion in Metals |
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561 | (7) |
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568 | (2) |
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14.8 Practical Issues in Measuring Electric Field |
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570 | (18) |
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571 | (1) |
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572 | (6) |
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578 | (2) |
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580 | (6) |
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586 | (2) |
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Chapter 15 Electric Field of Distributed Charges |
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588 | (38) |
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15.1 A Uniformly Charged Thin Rod |
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588 | (7) |
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15.2 Procedure for Calculating Electric Field |
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595 | (2) |
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15.3 A Uniformly Charged Thin Ring |
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597 | (2) |
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15.4 A Uniformly Charged Disk |
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599 | (4) |
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15.5 Two Uniformly Charged Disks: A Capacitor |
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603 | (3) |
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15.6 A Spherical Shell of Charge |
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606 | (2) |
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15.7 A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout its Volume |
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608 | (1) |
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15.8 Infinitesimals and Integrals in Science |
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609 | (1) |
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15.9 3D Numerical Integration with a Computer |
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610 | (3) |
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15.10 *Integrating the Spherical Shell |
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613 | (13) |
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614 | (2) |
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616 | (1) |
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617 | (7) |
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624 | (1) |
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625 | (1) |
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Chapter 16 Electric Potential |
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626 | (47) |
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16.1 A Review of Potential Energy |
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626 | (3) |
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16.2 Systems of Charged Objects |
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629 | (3) |
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16.3 Potential Difference in a Uniform Field |
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632 | (3) |
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16.4 Sign of Potential Difference |
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635 | (2) |
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16.5 Potential Difference in a Nonuniform Field |
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637 | (7) |
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644 | (4) |
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16.7 The Potential at One Location |
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648 | (4) |
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16.8 Computing Potential Differences |
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652 | (1) |
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16.9 Potential Difference in an Insulator |
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653 | (3) |
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16.10 Energy Density and Electric Field |
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656 | (2) |
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16.11 *Potential of Distributed Charges |
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658 | (1) |
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16.12 *Integrating the Spherical Shell |
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658 | (2) |
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16.13 *Numerical Integration Along a Path |
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660 | (13) |
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661 | (1) |
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661 | (2) |
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663 | (9) |
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672 | (1) |
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672 | (1) |
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Chapter 17 Magnetic Field |
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673 | (43) |
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673 | (1) |
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17.2 Detecting Magnetic Fields |
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674 | (2) |
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17.3 Biot-Savart Law: Single Moving Charge |
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676 | (2) |
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17.4 Relativistic Effects |
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678 | (1) |
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17.5 Electron Current and Conventional Current |
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679 | (3) |
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17.6 The Biot-Savart Law for Currents |
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682 | (1) |
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17.7 The Magnetic Field of Current Distributions |
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683 | (3) |
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17.8 A Circular Loop of Wire |
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686 | (3) |
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17.9 Computation and 3D Visualization |
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689 | (1) |
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17.10 Magnetic Dipole Moment |
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690 | (1) |
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17.11 The Magnetic Field of a Bar Magnet |
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691 | (2) |
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17.12 The Atomic Structure of Magnets |
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693 | (6) |
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17.13 *Estimate of Orbital Angular Momentum of an Electron in an Atom |
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699 | (1) |
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17.14 *Magnetic Field of a Solenoid |
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700 | (16) |
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702 | (1) |
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703 | (4) |
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707 | (1) |
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708 | (5) |
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713 | (2) |
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715 | (1) |
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Chapter 18 Electric Field and Circuits |
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716 | (49) |
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18.1 A Circuit Is Not in Equilibrium |
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716 | (1) |
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18.2 Current in Different Parts of a Circuit |
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717 | (3) |
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18.3 Electric Field and Current |
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720 | (2) |
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18.4 What Charges Make the Electric Field Inside the Wires? |
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722 | (4) |
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18.5 Surface Charge Distributions |
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726 | (6) |
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18.6 Connecting a Circuit: The Initial Transient |
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732 | (2) |
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734 | (1) |
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18.8 Surface Charge and Resistors |
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735 | (3) |
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738 | (4) |
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18.10 Applications of the Theory |
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742 | (5) |
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18.11 Detecting Surface Charge |
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747 | (2) |
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18.12 *Computational Model of a Circuit |
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749 | (16) |
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751 | (1) |
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752 | (3) |
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755 | (2) |
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757 | (6) |
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763 | (2) |
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Chapter 19 Circuit Elements |
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765 | (40) |
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765 | (6) |
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771 | (5) |
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19.3 Conventional Symbols and Terms |
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776 | (1) |
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19.4 Work and Power in a Circuit |
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777 | (2) |
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779 | (2) |
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19.6 Ammeters, Voltmeters, and Ohmmeters |
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781 | (2) |
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19.7 Quantitative Analysis of an RC Circuit |
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783 | (3) |
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19.8 Reflection: The Macro-Micro Connection |
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786 | (1) |
|
19.9 *What Are AC and DC? |
|
|
787 | (2) |
|
19.10 *Electrons in Metals |
|
|
789 | (1) |
|
19.11 *A Complicated Resistive Circuit |
|
|
789 | (16) |
|
|
|
792 | (1) |
|
|
|
792 | (2) |
|
|
|
794 | (3) |
|
|
|
797 | (6) |
|
|
|
803 | (2) |
|
Chapter 20 Magnetic Force |
|
|
805 | (62) |
|
20.1 Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge |
|
|
805 | (5) |
|
20.2 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire |
|
|
810 | (2) |
|
20.3 Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces |
|
|
812 | (2) |
|
|
|
814 | (5) |
|
|
|
819 | (5) |
|
20.6 Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame |
|
|
824 | (4) |
|
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
20.8 Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole |
|
|
829 | (5) |
|
20.9 Motors and Generators |
|
|
834 | (2) |
|
20.10 *Case Study: Sparks in Air |
|
|
836 | (10) |
|
20.11 *Relativistic Field Transformations |
|
|
846 | (21) |
|
|
|
850 | (1) |
|
|
|
851 | (1) |
|
|
|
851 | (3) |
|
|
|
854 | (10) |
|
|
|
864 | (2) |
|
|
|
866 | (1) |
|
Chapter 21 Patterns of Field in Space |
|
|
867 | (35) |
|
21.1 Patterns of Electric Field: Gauss's Law |
|
|
867 | (2) |
|
21.2 Definition of "Electric Flux" |
|
|
869 | (2) |
|
|
|
871 | (6) |
|
21.4 Reasoning from Gauss's Law |
|
|
877 | (5) |
|
21.5 Gauss's Law for Magnetism |
|
|
882 | (1) |
|
21.6 Patterns of Magnetic Field: Ampere's Law |
|
|
883 | (6) |
|
|
|
889 | (1) |
|
21.8 Semiconductor Devices |
|
|
889 | (1) |
|
21.9 *The Differential Form of Gauss's Law |
|
|
889 | (6) |
|
21.10 *The Differential Form of Ampere's Law |
|
|
895 | (7) |
|
|
|
896 | (1) |
|
|
|
897 | (1) |
|
|
|
897 | (4) |
|
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
|
|
902 | (37) |
|
22.1 Curly Electric Fields |
|
|
902 | (3) |
|
|
|
905 | (7) |
|
22.3 Faraday's Law and Motional Emf |
|
|
912 | (3) |
|
|
|
915 | (1) |
|
|
|
916 | (2) |
|
|
|
918 | (4) |
|
|
|
922 | (4) |
|
22.8 *Some Peculiar Circuits |
|
|
926 | (2) |
|
22.9 *The Differential Form of Faraday's Law |
|
|
928 | (1) |
|
|
|
929 | (10) |
|
|
|
930 | (1) |
|
|
|
931 | (1) |
|
|
|
932 | (6) |
|
|
|
938 | (1) |
|
Chapter 23 Electromagnetic Radiation |
|
|
939 | (1) |
|
|
|
939 | (3) |
|
23.2 Fields Traveling Through Space |
|
|
942 | (5) |
|
23.3 Accelerated Charges Produce Radiation |
|
|
947 | (4) |
|
23.4 Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiation |
|
|
951 | (4) |
|
23.5 Energy and Momentum in Radiation |
|
|
955 | (4) |
|
23.6 Effects of Radiation on Matter |
|
|
959 | (5) |
|
23.7 Light Propagation Through a Medium |
|
|
964 | (2) |
|
23.8 Refraction: Bending of Light |
|
|
966 | (3) |
|
|
|
969 | (3) |
|
|
|
972 | (11) |
|
23.11 *The Field of an Accelerated Charge |
|
|
983 | (2) |
|
23.12 *Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations |
|
|
985 | (1) |
|
|
|
986 | (1) |
|
|
|
986 | (2) |
|
|
|
988 | (3) |
|
|
|
991 | (1) |
|
|
|
992 | |
| Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems |
|
1 | (1) |
| Index |
|
1 | |
