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El. knyga: Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: Origin and Structure

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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Ecological Studies 7
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Dec-2012
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783642655203
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: Origin and StructureDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Ecological Studies 7
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Dec-2012
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783642655203
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No other disjunct pieces of land present such striking similarities as the widely sepa­ 1 rated regions with a mediterranean type of climate, that is, the territories fringing the Mediterranean Sea, California, Central Chile and the southernmost strips of South Mrica and Australia. Similarities are not confined to climatic trends, but are also reflected in the physiognomy ofthe vegetation, in land use patterns and frequently in the general appearance of the landscape. The very close similarities in agricultural practices and sometimes also in rural settlements are dependent on the climatic and edaphic analogies, as well as on a certain commonality in qdtural history. This is certainly true for the Mediterranean Sea basin which in many ways represents a sort of ecological-cultural unit; this is also valid for CaUfornia and Chile, which were both settled by Spaniards and which showed periods of vigorous commercial and cultural interchanges as during the California gold rush. One other general feature is the massive interchange of cultivated and weed species of plants that has occurred between the five areas of the world that have a mediterranean-type climate, with the Mediterranean basin region itself as a major source. In spite of their limited territorial extension, probably no other parts of the world have played a more fundamental role in the history of mankind. Phoenician, Etruscan, Hellenic, Jewish, Roman, Christian andArab civilizations, among others,haveshapedmanyofman's present attitudes, including his position and perception vis-a-vis nature.
Section I: Convergence in Ecosystems.-
1. Historical View of the Concept
of Ecosystem Convergence.- Section II: Physical Geography of Lands with
Mediterranean Climates.-
1. distribution and Peculiarity of Mediterranean
Ecosystems.-
2. Climatographical Comparisons between Chile and the Western
Coast of North America.-
3. The Physiography of the Mediterranean Lands with
Special Emphasis on California and Chile.-
4. Geomorphological Processes and
Characteristic Landforms in the Mediterranean Regions of the World.-
5.
Analogies between the Soil and Vegetation Types of Italy, Greece, and
California.- Section III: Vegetation in Mediterranean Climate Regions.-
1.
Structure and Function of the California Chaparral - an Example from San
dimas.-
2. Structure and Functional Response of Ecosystems in the
Mediterranean Climate of Australia.-
3. The Role of the Secondary Plant
Chemistry in the Evolution of the Mediterranean Scrub Vegetation.-
4.
Comparative Anatomy of Sclerophylls of Mediterranean Climatic Areas.- Section
IV: Soil Systems in Mediterranean Climate Regions.-
1. Soil Animals in
Latitudinal and Topographical Gradients of Mediterranean Ecosystems.-
2.
Microbial Activity under Seasonal Conditions of Drought in Mediterranean
Climates.-
3. Soil-Vegetation Relationships in Mediterranean Ecosystems of
Southern France.- Section V: Plant Biogeography.-
1. The Evolution of
Mediterranean Floras.-
2. History of the Mediterranean Ecosystem in
California.- Section VI: Animal Biogeography and Ecological Niche.-
1.
Biogeography of Soil Beetles in Mediterranean Regions.-
2. Biogeography of
Pseudoscorpions in the Mediterranean Regions of the World.-
3. Parallel
Evolution and Bird Niches.-
4. Ecological Convergence of the Lizard Faunas of
the Chaparral Communities in Chile and California.-
5. Segregation of Lizard
Niches in the Mediterranean Region of Chile.- Section VII: Human Activities
Affecting Mediterranean Ecosystems.-
1. Man's Impact on the Several Regions
with Mediterranean Climates.-
2. The Human Degradation of Mediterranean
Landscapes in Israel.
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