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The three-dimensional structure of proteins |
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1 | (22) |
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Structure of the native state |
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1 | (8) |
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Protein folding transition states |
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9 | (3) |
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Structural determinants of the folding rate constants |
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12 | (8) |
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Support of structure determination by protein folding simulations |
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20 | (3) |
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Liquid chromatography of biomolecules |
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23 | (14) |
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Ion exchange chromatography |
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23 | (5) |
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Gel filtration chromatography |
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28 | (3) |
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31 | (2) |
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Counter-current chromatography and ultrafiltration |
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33 | (4) |
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37 | (22) |
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Principles of operation and types of spectrometers |
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37 | (12) |
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38 | (1) |
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Quadrupole mass spectrometer |
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39 | (1) |
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Ion trap mass spectrometer |
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39 | (1) |
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Time-of-flight mass spectrometer |
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40 | (3) |
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Fourier transform mass spectrometer |
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43 | (1) |
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lonization, ion transport and ion detection |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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Combination with chromatographic methods |
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46 | (3) |
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49 | (10) |
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X-ray structural analysis |
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59 | (32) |
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Fourier transform and X-ray crystallography |
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59 | (26) |
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59 | (10) |
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Protein X-ray crystallography |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Production of suitable crystals |
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69 | (2) |
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Acquisition of the diffraction pattern |
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71 | (5) |
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Determination of the phases: heavy atom replacement |
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76 | (7) |
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Calculation of the electron density and refinement |
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83 | (1) |
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Cryocrystallography and time-resolved crystallography |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (6) |
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Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) |
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85 | (3) |
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88 | (3) |
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Protein infrared spectroscopy |
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91 | (16) |
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Spectrometers and devices |
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92 | (10) |
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Scanning infrared spectrometers |
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92 | (1) |
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Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers |
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92 | (4) |
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LIDAR, optical coherence tomography, attenuated total reflection and IR microscopes |
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96 | (6) |
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102 | (5) |
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107 | (14) |
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Transmission electron microscope (TEM) |
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107 | (12) |
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107 | (2) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (3) |
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Electron-sample interactions and electron spectroscopy |
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115 | (2) |
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Examples of biophysical applications |
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117 | (2) |
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Scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) |
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119 | (2) |
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Scanning probe microscopy |
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121 | (26) |
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Atomic force microscope (AFM) |
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121 | (12) |
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Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) |
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133 | (2) |
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Scanning nearfield optical microscope (SNOM) |
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135 | (8) |
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Overcoming the classical limits of optics |
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135 | (3) |
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Design of the subwavelength aperture |
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138 | (4) |
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Examples of SNOM applications |
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142 | (1) |
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Scanning ion conductance microscope, scanning thermal microscope and further scanning probe microscopes |
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143 | (4) |
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Biophysical nanotechnology |
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147 | (18) |
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Force measurements in single protein molecules |
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147 | (3) |
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Force measurements in a single polymerase-DNA complex |
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150 | (2) |
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152 | (3) |
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Protein nanoarrays and protein engineering |
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155 | (3) |
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Study and manipulation of protein crystal growth |
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158 | (1) |
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Nanopipettes, molecular diodes, self-assembled nanotransistors, nanoparticle-mediated transfection, and further biophysical nanotechnologies |
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159 | (6) |
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Proteomics: high throughput protein functional analysis |
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165 | (12) |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (4) |
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172 | (1) |
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Lab-on-a-chip technology, mass-spectrometric array scanners, and robots |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (2) |
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Ion mobility spectrometry |
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177 | (22) |
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General design of spectrometers |
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177 | (5) |
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Resolution and sensitivity |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (9) |
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Detection of biological agents |
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195 | (4) |
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199 | (6) |
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199 | (2) |
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High resolution of six protein folding transition states |
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201 | (4) |
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Evolutionary computer programming |
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205 | (10) |
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Reasons for the necessity of self-evolving computer programs |
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205 | (1) |
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General features of the method |
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205 | (3) |
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Protein folding and structure simulations |
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208 | (1) |
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Evolution of nanooptical devices made from nanoparticles |
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209 | (3) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (2) |
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Further potential applications |
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212 | (3) |
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Rapid partial protein ladder sequencing |
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215 | (8) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (5) |
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Potential experimental problems |
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221 | (2) |
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Surface labeling analysis of protein interactions |
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223 | (6) |
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223 | (1) |
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An example: NHS-biotin label |
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224 | (2) |
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Potential experimental problems |
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226 | (3) |
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229 | (2) |
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|
231 | (32) |
Index |
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263 | |