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Microeconomics: A Global Text [Minkštas viršelis]

(University of the West Indies at Cave Hill, Barbados)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 520 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x174 mm, weight: 960 g, 12 Tables, black and white; 161 Line drawings, black and white; 161 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Sep-2009
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415454530
  • ISBN-13: 9780415454537
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 520 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x174 mm, weight: 960 g, 12 Tables, black and white; 161 Line drawings, black and white; 161 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 29-Sep-2009
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415454530
  • ISBN-13: 9780415454537

Microeconomics is concerned with the production, consumption and distribution of goods by the micro units of individuals, firms and markets within the economy. It can also be considered a study of scarcity and the choices to be made for the attainment of goals within constraints. These goals are those set by consumers, producers and policy makers in the market.

This book provides a brand new approach to the teaching and study of microeconomics – an elementary guide to the fundamental principles of the subject. It gives students from all parts of the world the opportunity to understand and appreciate the value of microeconomic tools and concepts for analyzing market processes in their economic environment, as well as maintaining a perspective on issues of trade and competitiveness, thus drawing attention to the relevance of microeconomic theory beyond the domestic scene to issues of trade and competitiveness on the international arena.

The book contains a wealth of international case studies and covers topics such as:

- elasticity

- Cobb-Douglas Production functions

- dynamic stability of market equilibrium

- monopolies and monopolistic competition

- project analysis

The perfect introduction to the building blocks of contemporary microeconomic theory, this book will be of interest to undergraduate students in international economics, industrial economics, managerial economics and agricultural economics. It will also be a useful reference guide for graduates requiring a break down of difficult microeconomic principles.

Preface x
Acknowledgements xii
List of Figures xiv
List of Tables xix
List of Boxed Examples xx
Chapter 1 Introduction to Microeconomics 1
1.1 Scenario
1
1.2 Definition of microeconomics
2
1.3 Tools, gadgets and gizmos
3
1.4 The methodology of microeconomic theory
14
1.5 The methodological controversy — scientific validity
20
Review questions for
Chapter 1
25
Recommended reading for
Chapter 1
26
Chapter 2 Theory of the Consumer 27
2.1 The individual consumer and utility maximization
27
2.2 The Cardinal utility theory
28
2.3 The Ordinal utility theory (indifference curves)
33
2.4 The Revealed Preference (RP) theory
51
Review questions for
Chapter 2
56
Recommended reading for
Chapter 2
57
Chapter 3 Market Demand and Elasticity 58
3.1 From individual demand to market demand
58
3.2 The price elasticity of demand
60
3.3 The income elasticity of demand
77
3.4 Cross price elasticity of demand
85
Review questions for
Chapter 3
87
Recommended reading for
Chapter 3
88
Chapter 4 Topics in Demand Analysis 89
4.1 Consumer and producer surplus
89
4.2 Price indices
94
4.3 The characteristics approach to demand theory
98
4.4 Price and rent controls
102
4.5 External effects on demand
108
4.6 The Neumann–Morgenstern (NM) utility index
112
4.7 Empirical demand functions
117
Review questions for
Chapter 4
119
Recommended reading for
Chapter 4
121
Chapter 5 The Producer and Optimal Production Choices 123
5.1 Technology and the production function
123
5.2 Optimizing behaviour in the short-run
125
5.3 Optimizing behaviour of the producer in the long-run
132
5.4 The multi-product firm
149
Review questions for
Chapter 5
160
Recommended reading for
Chapter 5
161
Chapter 6 Costs and Scale 162
6.1 Traditional cost theory – the short-run
162
6.2 Long-run costs in the traditional theory
169
6.3 The modern theory of cost
174
6.4 Economies of scale
179
6.5 Cobb–Douglas production and cost functions
186
Review questions for
Chapter 6
201
Recommended reading for
Chapter 6
202
Chapter 7 Linear and Dynamic Programming and X-efficiency 203
7.1 Linear programming
203
7.2 Dynamic programming for multi-stage processes
216
7.3 The concept of X-efficiency
224
Review questions for
Chapter 7
232
Recommended reading for
Chapter 7
233
Chapter 8 Equilibrium in an Isolated Market 235
8.1 Existence of market equilibrium
235
8.2 Uniqueness of market equilibrium
238
8.3 The stability of equilibrium – static stability
240
8.4 Dynamic stability and the Cobweb model
249
8.5 Application of dynamic stability conditions
259
Review questions for
Chapter 8
260
Recommended reading for
Chapter 8
261
Chapter 9 The Perfectly Competitive Market 262
9.1 Assumptions and fundamentals of the model
262
9.2 Short-run equilibrium
264
9.3 Long-run equilibrium
270
9.4 Predictions of the model
271
Review questions for
Chapter 9
280
Recommended reading for
Chapter 9
281
Chapter 10 Monopoly 282
10.1 Assumptions and behavioural conditions
282
10.2 Short-run equilibrium of the firm/industry
285
10.3 Long-run equilibrium
294
10.4 Predictions – the dynamics of the model
296
10.5 Multi-plant monopoly
299
10.6 Price discrimination
302
10.7 Bilateral monopoly
310
10.8 Regulation of monopoly
312
Review questions for
Chapter 10
314
Recommended reading for
Chapter 10
315
Chapter 11 Monopolistic Competition 316
11.1 Basic features and assumptions of the monopolistic competition model
317
11.2 Demand and costs
318
11.3 Equilibrium in the short-run
320
11.4 Equilibrium in-the long-run
322
11.5 Monopolistic competition and excess capacity
326
11.6 Reflections on the model
329
Review questions for
Chapter 11
331
Recommended reading for
Chapter 11
331
Chapter 12 Oligopoly 333
12.1 Assumptions, definitions and summary of models
333
12.2 The Cournot model
335
12.3 The Bertrand/Edgeworth duopoly model
339
12.4 Chamberlin and stability in duopoly
340
12.5 The kinked demand model
342
12.6 The Stackleberg sophisticated duopolist model
343
12.7 The cartel
350
12.8 The price leadership model
354
12.9 Game theory and oligopoly
359
Review questions for
Chapter 12
361
Recommended reading for
Chapter 12
362
Chapter 13 Alternative Theories of the Firm 363
13.1 Major issues and alternatives
363
13.2 Baumol's sales revenue maximization model
370
13.3 The mark-up pricing model of the firm
379
13.4 The behavioural theories
388
13.5 The economics of information
390
Review questions for
Chapter 13
392
Recommended reading for
Chapter 13
392
Chapter 14 The Factor Market 394
14.1 Introduction to distribution theory
394
14.2 Short-run factor demand under marginal productivity theory
395
14.3 Long-run factor demand under marginal productivity theory
404
14.4 Market demand for a single input
411
14.5 The supply curve of labour
414
14.6 Factor market equilibrium under the marginal productivity theory
417
14.7 Monopsony in the factor market
418
14.8 The labour unions, exploitation and unemployment
422
14.9 Product exhaustion theorems and distribution
426
Review questions for
Chapter 14
428
Recommended reading for
Chapter 14
429
Appendix The marginal expenditure of input curve
429
Chapter 15 General Equilibrium and Welfare Maximization 431
15.1 The nature and tools of general equilibrium
431
15.2 General equilibrium of exchange or consumption – efficiency in distribution of the product
434
15.3 General equilibrium of production – efficiency in the allocation of factors
436
15.4 Efficiency of the product mix – joint efficiency in production and consumption
438
15.5 Features of the equilibrium position
443
15.6 Welfare maximization
448
15.7 Factors affecting a welfare maximum
453
15.8 Postscript
459
Review questions for
Chapter 15
459
Recommended reading for
Chapter 15
460
Appendix MRPT and marginal costs
461
Chapter 16 Investment Criteria 463
16.1 Definition of a project
464
16.2 Cash flow analysis
464
16.3 Discounted cash flow analysis
467
16.4 Investment criteria choices
471
16.5 Choice of investment criteria
488
Review questions for
Chapter 16
489
Recommended reading for
Chapter 16
490
Index 491
Judy Whitehead is Senior Lecturer in Economics at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.