Foreword |
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xxi | |
Preface |
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xxiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxv | |
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1 | (10) |
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The Microscope and Image Processing |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (4) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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8 | (3) |
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Fundamentals of Microscopy |
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11 | (16) |
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Origins of the Microscope |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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Image Formation by a Lens |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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Diffraction-Limited Optical Systems |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (2) |
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The Point Spread Function |
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16 | (1) |
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The Optical Transfer Function |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (2) |
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The Coherent Point Spread Function |
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18 | (1) |
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The Coherent Optical Transfer Function |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (2) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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24 | (3) |
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27 | (12) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (4) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (12) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (4) |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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The Spot-Spacing Compromise |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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Sampling for Display Purposes |
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45 | (2) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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47 | (4) |
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Geometric Transformations |
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51 | (8) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (3) |
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Nearest-Neighbor Interpolation |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Higher-Order Interpolation |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (20) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (8) |
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60 | (1) |
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Clipping and Thresholding |
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61 | (1) |
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Image Subtraction and Averaging |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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Directional and Steerable Filtering |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (1) |
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Fourier Transform Methods |
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68 | (4) |
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Wiener Filtering and Wiener Deconvolution |
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68 | (2) |
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Deconvolution Using a Least-Squares Approach |
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70 | (1) |
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Low-Pass Filtering in the Fourier Domain |
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71 | (1) |
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High-Pass Filtering in the Fourier Domain |
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71 | (1) |
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Wavelet Transform Methods |
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72 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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Differential Wavelet Transform and Multiscale Pointwise Product |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (2) |
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Pseudo-Color Transformations |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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76 | (3) |
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79 | (34) |
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79 | (4) |
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80 | (1) |
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Short-Time Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | (2) |
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Continuous Wavelet Transform |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (3) |
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Multiresolution and Scaling Function |
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86 | (1) |
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Scaling Functions and Wavelets |
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87 | (1) |
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Discrete Wavelet Transform |
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88 | (14) |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Two-Channel Subband Coding |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (2) |
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95 | (1) |
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Biorthogonal Wavelet Transforms |
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96 | (1) |
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Biorthogonal Filter Banks |
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97 | (2) |
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Examples of Biorthogonal Wavelets |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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Biorthogonal Wavelet Design |
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100 | (1) |
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Wavelet Transform Using Lifting |
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101 | (1) |
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Two-Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform |
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102 | (5) |
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Two-Dimensional Wavelet Bases |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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Two-Dimensional Biorthogonal Wavelets |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Extended Depth-of-Field by Wavelet Image Fusion |
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108 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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108 | (5) |
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Morphological Image Processing |
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113 | (46) |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (12) |
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Binary Erosion and Dilation |
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115 | (1) |
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Binary Opening and Closing |
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116 | (2) |
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Binary Morphological Reconstruction from Markers |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Reconstruction from Opening |
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120 | (2) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (4) |
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127 | (11) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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Alternating Sequential Filters |
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133 | (1) |
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Component Filters and Grayscale Morphological Reconstruction |
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134 | (1) |
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Morphological Reconstruction |
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135 | (1) |
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Alternating Sequential Component Filters |
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135 | (1) |
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Grayscale Area Opening and Closing |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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h-Maxima and h-Minima Operations |
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137 | (1) |
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Regional Maxima and Minima |
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137 | (1) |
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Regional Extrema as Markers |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (16) |
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Classical Watershed Transform |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (1) |
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Segmentation of Overlapped Convex Cells |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (1) |
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Watershed Transform Algorithms |
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152 | (2) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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154 | (5) |
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159 | (36) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Region-Based Segmentation |
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160 | (16) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (2) |
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Thresholding Circular Spots |
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165 | (2) |
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Thresholding Noncircular and Noisy Spots |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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Separation of Touching Objects |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (1) |
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Boundary-Based Segmentation |
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176 | (4) |
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176 | (1) |
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Boundary Tracking Based on Maximum Gradient Magnitude |
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177 | (1) |
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Boundary Finding Based on Gradient Image Thresholding |
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178 | (1) |
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Boundary Finding Based on Laplacian Image Thresholding |
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179 | (1) |
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Boundary Finding Based on Edge Detection and Linking |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (3) |
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Edge Linking and Boundary Refinement |
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183 | (5) |
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Encoding Segmented Images |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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190 | (5) |
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195 | (26) |
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195 | (1) |
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Measures for Binary Objects |
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196 | (13) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Area and Perimeter of a Polygon |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Gray-Level Object Measures |
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210 | (5) |
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210 | (1) |
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Integrated Optical Intensity |
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210 | (1) |
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Average Optical Intensity |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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Standard Deviation of Gray Levels |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Statistical Texture Measures |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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Object Measurement Considerations |
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215 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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215 | (6) |
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221 | (26) |
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221 | (1) |
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The Classification Process |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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The Single-Feature, Two-Class Case |
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222 | (3) |
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223 | (1) |
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Conditional Probabilities |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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The Three-Feature, Three-Class Case |
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225 | (7) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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Variance and Standard Deviation |
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228 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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The Probability Density Function |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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Mahalanobis Distance Classifier |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (2) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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Relationships Among Bayes Classifiers |
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235 | (1) |
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The Choice of a Classifier |
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235 | (3) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (2) |
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Nonparametric Classifiers |
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238 | (2) |
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Nearest-Neighbor Classifiers |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (3) |
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240 | (1) |
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Principal Component Analysis |
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241 | (1) |
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Linear Discriminant Analysis |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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244 | (3) |
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247 | (52) |
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247 | (1) |
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Basics of Fluorescence Imaging |
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248 | (2) |
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Image Formation in Fluorescence Imaging |
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249 | (1) |
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Optics in Fluorescence Imaging |
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250 | (1) |
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Limitations in Fluorescence Imaging |
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251 | (5) |
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Instrumentation-Based Aberrations |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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Absorption and Scattering |
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255 | (1) |
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Sample and Instrumentation Handling-Based Aberrations |
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255 | (1) |
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Image Corrections in Fluorescence Microscopy |
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256 | (10) |
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Background Shading Correction |
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256 | (1) |
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Correction Using the Recorded Image |
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257 | (1) |
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Correction Using Calibration Images |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Correction Using Surface Fitting |
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259 | (2) |
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Histogram-Based Background Correction |
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261 | (1) |
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Other Approaches for Background Correction |
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261 | (1) |
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Autofluorescence Correction |
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261 | (1) |
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Spectral Overlap Correction |
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262 | (1) |
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Photobleaching Correction |
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262 | (3) |
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Correction of Fluorescence Attenuation in Depth |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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Fluorescence Intensity Versus Fluorophore Concentration |
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266 | (1) |
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Fluorescence Imaging Techniques |
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267 | (23) |
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267 | (3) |
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Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) |
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270 | (1) |
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Quantitative Colocalization Analysis |
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271 | (4) |
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Fluorescence Ratio Imaging (RI) |
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275 | (2) |
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Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) |
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277 | (7) |
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Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) |
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284 | (2) |
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Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) |
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286 | (2) |
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Total Internal Reflectance Fluorescence Microscopy (TIRFM) |
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288 | (1) |
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Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) |
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289 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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290 | (9) |
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299 | (30) |
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299 | (1) |
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Principles of Multispectral Imaging |
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300 | (6) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (2) |
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304 | (1) |
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Spectral Image Acquisition Methods |
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304 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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Multispectral Image Processing |
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306 | (17) |
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Calibration for Multispectral Image Acquisition |
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307 | (5) |
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312 | (3) |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (1) |
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318 | (3) |
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Spectral Image Segmentation |
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321 | (1) |
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Combining Segmentation with Classification |
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322 | (1) |
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M-FISH Pixel Classification |
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322 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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323 | (6) |
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Three-Dimensional Imaging |
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329 | (72) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (5) |
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Wide-Field Three-Dimensional Microscopy |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (2) |
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Other Three-Dimensional Microscopy Techniques |
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333 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Image Data |
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334 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Image Representation |
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334 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Image Notation |
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334 | (1) |
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Image Restoration and Deblurring |
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335 | (20) |
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The Point Spread Function |
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335 | (2) |
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Theoretical Model of the Point Spread Function |
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337 | (1) |
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Models for Microscope Image Formation |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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Algorithms for Deblurring and Restoration |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (4) |
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346 | (3) |
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Maximum-Likelihood Restoration |
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349 | (4) |
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353 | (1) |
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Interpretation of Deconvolved Images |
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354 | (1) |
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Commercial Deconvolution Packages |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Image Processing |
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356 | (1) |
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Geometric Transformations |
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356 | (1) |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (2) |
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359 | (3) |
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359 | (1) |
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Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filter |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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Minimum and Maximum Filters |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (3) |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (10) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (2) |
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Region-Based Segmentation |
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369 | (1) |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (1) |
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Region Splitting and Region Merging |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Segmentation Methods in the Literature |
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372 | (3) |
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Comparing Three-Dimensional Images |
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375 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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Object Measurements in Three Dimensions |
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376 | (6) |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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378 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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Surface Triangulation Method |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Image Display |
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382 | (7) |
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382 | (2) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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Surface and Volume Rendering |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (1) |
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388 | (1) |
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388 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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389 | (12) |
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401 | (40) |
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|
Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin |
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401 | (2) |
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403 | (8) |
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404 | (1) |
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405 | (5) |
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410 | (1) |
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411 | (3) |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (1) |
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414 | (6) |
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415 | (1) |
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415 | (2) |
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417 | (1) |
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417 | (1) |
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418 | (1) |
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419 | (1) |
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420 | (3) |
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421 | (1) |
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421 | (2) |
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423 | (1) |
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423 | (9) |
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424 | (3) |
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427 | (5) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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432 | (9) |
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441 | (28) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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442 | (1) |
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Principles of Microscope Autofocusing |
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442 | (6) |
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Fluorescence and Brightfield Autofocusing |
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443 | (1) |
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444 | (1) |
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Autofocus Function Sampling and Approximation |
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445 | (2) |
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447 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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Finding the In-Focus Imaging Position |
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448 | (1) |
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Multiresolution Autofocusing |
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448 | (4) |
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Multiresolution Image Representations |
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449 | (2) |
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Wavelet-Based Multiresolution Autofocus Functions |
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451 | (1) |
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Multiresolution Search for In-Focus Position |
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451 | (1) |
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Autofocusing for Scanning Microscopy |
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452 | (2) |
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Extended Depth-of-Field Microscope Imaging |
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454 | (8) |
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455 | (1) |
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456 | (1) |
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Neighborhood-Based Image Fusion |
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457 | (1) |
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Multiresolution Image Fusion |
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458 | (1) |
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Noise and Artifact Control in Image Fusion |
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459 | (1) |
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Multiscale Pointwise Product |
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460 | (1) |
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461 | (1) |
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462 | (1) |
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462 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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462 | (7) |
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Structured Illumination Imaging |
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|
469 | (30) |
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469 | (3) |
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Conventional Light Microscope |
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469 | (1) |
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470 | (1) |
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471 | (1) |
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Linear SIM Instrumentation |
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472 | (1) |
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473 | (1) |
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The Process of Structured Illumination Imaging |
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473 | (6) |
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Extended-Depth-of-Field Image |
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475 | (1) |
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SIM for Optical Sectioning |
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475 | (2) |
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477 | (2) |
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Limitations of Optical Sectioning with SIM |
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479 | (7) |
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Artifact Reduction via Image Processing |
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480 | (1) |
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480 | (2) |
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482 | (2) |
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Statistical Waveform Compensation |
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484 | (1) |
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485 | (1) |
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Color Structured Illumination |
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486 | (5) |
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487 | (1) |
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488 | (2) |
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490 | (1) |
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491 | (5) |
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Bypassing the Optical Transfer Function |
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491 | (1) |
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492 | (1) |
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492 | (1) |
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Extracting the Enhanced Image |
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493 | (2) |
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Lateral Resolution Enhancement Simulation |
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495 | (1) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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496 | (3) |
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Image Data and Workflow Management |
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|
499 | (32) |
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499 | (2) |
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Open Microscopy Environment |
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500 | (1) |
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Image Management in Other Fields |
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500 | (1) |
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Requirements for Microscopy Image Management Systems |
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500 | (1) |
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Architecture of Microscopy Image/Data/Workflow Systems |
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501 | (3) |
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Client-Server Architecture |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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Users, Ownership, Permissions |
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503 | (1) |
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Microscopy Image Management |
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504 | (8) |
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XYZCT Five-Dimensional Imaging Model |
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|
504 | (1) |
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504 | (2) |
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506 | (1) |
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|
506 | (1) |
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|
507 | (1) |
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|
508 | (1) |
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Microscopy Image File Formats and OME-XML |
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|
509 | (2) |
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OME-XML Image Acquisition Ontology |
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|
511 | (1) |
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512 | (7) |
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|
513 | (1) |
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Building Ontologies with OME SemanticTypes |
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|
514 | (2) |
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Data Management Software with Plug-in Ontologies |
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|
516 | (1) |
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Storing Data with Ontological Structure |
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|
517 | (1) |
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Image Acquisition Meta-Data |
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|
517 | (1) |
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|
517 | (1) |
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|
518 | (1) |
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|
519 | (2) |
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|
519 | (1) |
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|
520 | (1) |
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Editing and Deleting Data |
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|
520 | (1) |
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Modeling Quantitative Image Analysis |
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|
521 | (6) |
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Coupling Algorithms to Informatics Platforms |
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|
522 | (2) |
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|
524 | (1) |
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|
524 | (3) |
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Summary of Important Points |
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|
527 | (4) |
Glossary of Microscope Image Processing Terms |
|
531 | (10) |
Index |
|
541 | |