| Preface |
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xxi | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xxiii | |
| Author |
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xxv | |
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Section 1 Military Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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3 | (20) |
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3 | (1) |
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Differences Between Fireworks and Military Pyrotechnics |
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4 | (1) |
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Definition of Pyrotechnics |
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4 | (3) |
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A Comparison of Some of the Characteristics of Pyrotechnics, Propellants and Explosives |
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7 | (1) |
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Comparison of High Energy Materials |
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8 | (1) |
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Pyrotechnic Combustion Vis a Vis Chemical Reaction in Liquid Phase |
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9 | (1) |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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10 | (1) |
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Pyrotechnic Composition Special Effects |
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11 | (4) |
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Main Characteristics of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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15 | (1) |
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Special Effects of Pyrotechnic Compositions and their Purpose |
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16 | (1) |
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General Essential Requirements of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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17 | (2) |
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Important Parameters of Military Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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19 | (1) |
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Pyrotechnic Ammunitions and Devices with their Applications |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 Pyrotechnic Composition Sensitivity |
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23 | (24) |
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23 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Sensitivity of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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24 | (4) |
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Sensitivity and Heat of Combustion |
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28 | (1) |
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Measurement of Sensitivity of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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29 | (13) |
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29 | (4) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (4) |
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38 | (1) |
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Electrostatic Charge (Spark) Sensitivity |
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39 | (3) |
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Safety Indices of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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42 | (3) |
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Safety Certificate of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Combustion of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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47 | (46) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (5) |
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Factors Affecting Quantum of Heat Transfer |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (3) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (7) |
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Factors Affecting Ignition Temperature and Energy of Activation |
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57 | (6) |
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Factors Affecting Time to Ignition (or Time Lag) |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (3) |
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Propagation of Combustion |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Temperature Dependence of Rate of Combustion |
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71 | (3) |
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Thermal Run-Away Temperature |
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74 | (3) |
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Essential Requirement for Pyrotechnic Combustion |
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77 | (3) |
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80 | (4) |
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Energy Propagation Diagram |
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84 | (5) |
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89 | (1) |
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Thermal Analysis for Understanding Combustion Process |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (3) |
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Chapter 4 Factors Affecting Pyrotechnic Performance |
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93 | (52) |
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93 | (1) |
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Characteristic of Compositions (Chemical nature of ingredients) |
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94 | (31) |
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Heat of Combustion of Fuels |
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95 | (1) |
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Exothermic/Endothermic Decomposition of Oxidisers |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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Electromagnetic Radiation from Combustion Products |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Percentage of Ingredients and Oxygen Balance |
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98 | (7) |
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105 | (1) |
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Particle Size, Shape, Porosity and Surface Area |
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106 | (6) |
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Quality and Quantity of Binders |
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112 | (1) |
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Quality and Quantity of Burn Rate Modifiers |
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113 | (1) |
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Uniformity of Mixing/Blending |
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114 | (1) |
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Loading Pressure or Degree of Compaction |
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115 | (3) |
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Moisture and or Volatile Matter |
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118 | (3) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (2) |
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Design features of Ammunitions |
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125 | (8) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (3) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (10) |
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133 | (6) |
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139 | (1) |
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Wind Direction, Wind Velocity and Background Light |
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139 | (1) |
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Humidity, Moisture, Dust, Smoke, Heavy Fog, Snow, Rain |
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140 | (1) |
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Effect Of Various Parameters on Rate Of Combustion |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Determination of Performance Parameters |
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145 | (16) |
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145 | (1) |
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Sensitivity to External stimuli |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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Apparent Bulk Density and Loading Density |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (2) |
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Heat of Combustion and Heat of Reaction |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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Infrared Intensity and Emission Time |
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150 | (1) |
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Flame Length of Composition |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (2) |
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Compaction Strength of Pressed Composition |
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155 | (1) |
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Infrared Attenuation by Smoke |
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155 | (1) |
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Obscuration Power of Screening Smoke |
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156 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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Volume of Gaseous Combustion Products |
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158 | (1) |
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Efficiency of Composition |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Chapter 6 Ingredients of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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161 | (24) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (6) |
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161 | (1) |
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Parameters for Choice of Fuels |
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162 | (4) |
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Classification of Fuels Used in Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (5) |
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Parameters for Choice of Oxidisers |
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168 | (3) |
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Classification of Oxidisers Used in Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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171 | (1) |
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Some Typical Decomposition of Oxidisers |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (5) |
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172 | (2) |
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Classification of Binders Used in Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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174 | (1) |
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Parameters for Choice of Binders |
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175 | (2) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (3) |
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Role of Burn Rate Modifiers |
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177 | (2) |
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Parameters for Choice of Burn Rate Modifier |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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Role of Colour Intensifies |
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180 | (1) |
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Types of Colour Intensifies (as Chlorine Donor) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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Parameters for Choice of Dyes |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Role of special Additives |
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182 | (1) |
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Material Safety Data Sheet |
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183 | (1) |
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Factors Governing Choice of Ingredients for Composition |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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Chapter 7 Manufacture of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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185 | (24) |
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185 | (1) |
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Nomenclature of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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185 | (2) |
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187 | (3) |
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Manufacture of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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190 | (9) |
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Transportation and Storage of Ingredients |
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192 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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Preparation of Ingredients |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (3) |
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Types of Mixing of Composition |
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199 | (1) |
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Granulation of Composition |
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200 | (1) |
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Drying and Maturation of Compositions |
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201 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Drying of Composition |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Blending |
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204 | (1) |
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Storage and Transportation of Compositions |
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204 | (1) |
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Testing/Evaluation of Compositions |
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205 | (1) |
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Checklist for Pyrotechnic Composition Mixing |
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206 | (1) |
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Drawbacks in Literature on Pyrotechnic Compositions |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (2) |
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Chapter 8 Illuminating Compositions |
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209 | (12) |
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209 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Illuminating Compositions |
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210 | (3) |
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Factors Affecting Burn time and Illumination |
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213 | (1) |
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Preference of Magnesium as Fuel |
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214 | (1) |
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Illuminating Compositions with parachute |
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214 | (3) |
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Relationship between Ground Illumination and Candle Altitude |
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217 | (1) |
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Performance of Illuminating Composition in Air, Argon and Nitrogen |
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218 | (1) |
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Typical Illuminating Compositions |
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218 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Illuminating Compositions |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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Chapter 9 Signalling Flare Compositions |
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221 | (14) |
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221 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Production of Flame Colour |
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222 | (4) |
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226 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Perception of Flame Colour |
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227 | (1) |
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Red Signalling Flare Compositions |
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228 | (1) |
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Green Signalling Flare Compositions |
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229 | (1) |
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Yellow Signalling Flare Compositions |
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229 | (1) |
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White Signalling Flare Compositions |
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229 | (1) |
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Blue Signalling Flare Compositions |
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229 | (1) |
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Elastic Flare Compositions |
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229 | (1) |
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Non-Toxic Signalling Flare Compositions |
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229 | (3) |
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Special Requirements of Signalling Flare Compositions |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (2) |
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Chapter 10 Tracer Compositions |
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235 | (12) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (2) |
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Tracer Luminous Intensity |
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238 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Tracer Performance |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (2) |
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Typical Tracer Compositions |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (2) |
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Special Requirements of Tracer Compositions |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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Chapter 11 Photoflash Compositions |
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247 | (6) |
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247 | (1) |
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Constituents of Photoflash Compositions |
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247 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Photoflash Compositions |
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247 | (1) |
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Factors Affecting Performance of Photoflash Compositions |
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248 | (1) |
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Difference Between Illuminating and Photoflash Compositions |
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249 | (1) |
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Flash Requirement for Photography |
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250 | (1) |
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Typical Photoflash Compositions |
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250 | (1) |
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Desensitization of Photoflash Compositions |
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250 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Photoflash Compositions |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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Chapter 12 Screening Smoke Compositions |
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253 | (26) |
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253 | (1) |
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Screening Smoke are Aerosol |
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254 | (9) |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (2) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (2) |
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Factors Affecting Screening Effect |
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263 | (1) |
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Production of Screening Smoke |
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264 | (8) |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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White and Red Phosphorous |
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265 | (2) |
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Difference Between White/Yellow and Red Phosphorous |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (2) |
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270 | (1) |
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Training Smoke Compositions |
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270 | (1) |
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Non-Toxic Smoke Compositions |
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271 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Screening Smoke Compositions |
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272 | (1) |
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Infrared Attenuation by Smoke |
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273 | (3) |
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Castable Screening Smoke Composition |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (3) |
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Chapter 13 Signalling Colour Smoke Compositions |
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279 | (10) |
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279 | (1) |
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Methods for Production of Signalling Colour Smoke |
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279 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Bursting Type Signalling Colour Smoke Compositions |
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280 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Volatilisation and Condensation Type Compositions |
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280 | (2) |
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Typical Signalling Colour Smoke Compositions |
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282 | (1) |
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Advantages of Castable Colour Smoke Compositions |
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282 | (4) |
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Factors Affecting Perception of Signalling Colour Smoke |
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286 | (1) |
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Differences Between Screening Smoke and Colour Smoke |
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286 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Signalling Colour Smoke Compositions |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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Chapter 14 Riot Control Compositions |
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289 | (8) |
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289 | (1) |
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Typical Riot Control Agents |
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289 | (2) |
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Toxicity of Riot Control Agents |
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291 | (1) |
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Immediate Signs and Symptoms of Exposure to Riot Control Compositions |
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291 | (2) |
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Mechanism of Riot Control Agents |
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293 | (1) |
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Typical Riot Control Compositions in Grenades |
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293 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Riot Control Compositions |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (1) |
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Chapter 15 Incendiary Compositions |
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297 | (10) |
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297 | (1) |
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Types of Incendiary Compositions |
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297 | (2) |
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Solid incendiary Compositions |
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297 | (1) |
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Gel Incendiary Compositions |
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298 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Incendiary Composition Combustion |
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299 | (1) |
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Typical Solid Incendiary Compositions |
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300 | (1) |
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Non-toxic Incendiary Compositions |
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301 | (2) |
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Factors Affecting Efficiency of Incendiary Compositions |
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303 | (1) |
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Typical Gel Incendiary Compositions |
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303 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Solid Incendiary Compositions |
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304 | (1) |
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Differences between Solid Incendiary and Gel Incendiary Compositions |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (2) |
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Chapter 16 Simulating Compositions |
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307 | (8) |
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307 | (1) |
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Typical Simulating Flash and Sound Compositions |
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307 | (3) |
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Mechanism of Sound Production from Simulating Compositions |
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310 | (2) |
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Mechanism of Decay of the Frequency of Whistling Sound |
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312 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Simulating Compositions |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (3) |
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Chapter 17 Delay Compositions |
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315 | (16) |
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315 | (1) |
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315 | (1) |
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Delay Burning Train Mechanism |
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316 | (2) |
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Factors Affecting Delay Time |
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318 | (1) |
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Advantages / Disadvantages of Pyrotechnic Delay Compositions |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (7) |
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Short Range, Medium Range and Long-Range Delay |
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321 | (1) |
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Gasless (Low Gas) and Gassy Delay (Slag Less) |
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322 | (3) |
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Position and Functioning in Ammunitions |
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325 | (1) |
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Vented or Obturated Delays |
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326 | (1) |
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Shape of delays like ring shaped, cylindrical or lead fuse type |
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327 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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Environmentally Benign Pyrotechnic Delay Compositions |
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327 | (1) |
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Burn Rates of Some Delay Compositions |
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328 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Delay Compositions |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (2) |
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Chapter 18 Infrared Flare Compositions |
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331 | (16) |
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331 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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Infrared Radiation from Target |
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332 | (4) |
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Manufacture of Infrared Flare Compositions for Decoys |
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336 | (1) |
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Infrared Decoy Flare Design |
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337 | (1) |
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Spectrally Matched Infrared Payloads |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (2) |
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Factors Affecting Infrared Flare Output |
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340 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Infrared Decoy Flare Compositions |
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340 | (1) |
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Illuminating Infrared Flare Compositions |
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341 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Infrared Illuminating Flare Compositions |
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341 | (2) |
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Tracking Flare Compositions |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (3) |
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Chapter 19 Priming and Booster Compositions |
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347 | (10) |
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347 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Ignition by Priming and Booster Compositions |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (1) |
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Types of Priming Compositions |
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349 | (4) |
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Composition based on Gun Powder |
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349 | (1) |
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Compositions producing Hot Slags |
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350 | (2) |
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Containing Organic Fuels with Oxidisers like Potassium Nitrate or Iditol |
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352 | (1) |
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Elastic Priming Compositions |
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352 | (1) |
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Special Requirements of Priming Compositions |
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353 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (3) |
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Chapter 20 Flame and Smoke Compositions |
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357 | (4) |
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357 | (1) |
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Flame and Smoke Compositions |
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357 | (3) |
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360 | (1) |
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Chapter 21 Gunpowder Compositions |
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361 | (10) |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Gunpowder |
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362 | (2) |
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Gunpowder Combustion Products, Loading Density and Humidity Effect |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (2) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (2) |
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Chapter 22 Initiation of Igition in Ammunition |
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371 | (46) |
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371 | (1) |
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External Energy for Initiation of Ignition |
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372 | (1) |
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|
372 | (1) |
|
Factors Affecting Efficiency of initiatory Compositions |
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
|
|
374 | (4) |
|
|
|
378 | (2) |
|
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
Differences between Stab and Percussion Characteristics |
|
|
380 | (3) |
|
Special Requirements of Stab, Percussion and Rim Fire Cap Compositions |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
Friction Energy on Friction compositions |
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
|
385 | (2) |
|
Special Requirements of Friction Compositions |
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
Electrical Energy on Electrical Sensitive Compositions |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
Electrical Cap Conducting |
|
|
388 | (2) |
|
|
|
390 | (3) |
|
|
|
393 | (2) |
|
Advantages and disadvantages of Squibs/Impulse cartridges |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
Special Requirements of Electrical Squib Compositions |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
Primers, Igniters and Power Cartridges |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
Igniter for Ignition of Propellant's in Cartg. Cases or Bagged Charges |
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
Igniter for ignition of Base Bleed Propellants in Projectile |
|
|
398 | (2) |
|
Igniter for Ignition of Propellants in Missiles |
|
|
400 | (2) |
|
Power Cartridges for Initiation of Mechanical Works |
|
|
402 | (3) |
|
Special Requirements of Igniter for Rocket Motor/Aerospace Vehicles |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Igniter for Ignition of Solid and Inflammable Gel Pyrotechnic Compositions |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
Mechanism of Laser Initiation |
|
|
407 | (2) |
|
Factors Affecting Laser ignition |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
Advantages of Laser Ignition over Conventional Bridge Wire Initiation |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
|
411 | (1) |
|
|
|
411 | (6) |
|
Section 2 Pyrotechnic Ammunitions and Devices |
|
|
|
Chapter 23 Pyrotechnic Ammunition Manufacture |
|
|
417 | (20) |
|
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
Difference between Pyrotechnic and High Explosive Ammunitions |
|
|
418 | (2) |
|
Basic Requirements for Pyrotechnic Ammunitions Manufacture |
|
|
420 | (2) |
|
Pyrotechnic Ammunition Design and Development |
|
|
422 | (5) |
|
Features of a Pyrotechnic Ammunition and Device |
|
|
427 | (1) |
|
|
|
428 | (1) |
|
Mechanical Handling Tests |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
Life Cycle of Ammunition Lots |
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Brief of Work Involved in Manufacture of Ammunition |
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
Documents, Specifications and Drawings |
|
|
432 | (3) |
|
|
|
435 | (2) |
|
Chapter 24 Filling, Pressing and Assembly |
|
|
437 | (18) |
|
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
Filling of Pyrotechnic Compositions |
|
|
437 | (2) |
|
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
Pressing of Composition in Mould |
|
|
439 | (4) |
|
Mechanism of Pressing in Moulds |
|
|
443 | (3) |
|
Other Methods of Filling and Pressing |
|
|
446 | (1) |
|
Compaction/Crushing Strength of Pellets |
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
Factors Affecting Compaction/Crushing Strength of Pellets |
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
Porosity and Compaction Coefficient |
|
|
448 | (2) |
|
Density Variation in Pellet |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
Assembly of Filled Ammunitions |
|
|
452 | (1) |
|
|
|
453 | (2) |
|
Chapter 25 Sealing Of Pyrotechnic Ammunitions |
|
|
455 | (4) |
|
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
|
457 | (2) |
|
Chapter 26 Painting, Marking, Packing and Storage |
|
|
459 | (10) |
|
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
Role of Stamping or Marking of Components |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
Role of Painting and Stencilling of Ammunitions |
|
|
461 | (2) |
|
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Role of Package Painting and Marking |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Defects in Painting and Marking of Ammunitions and Package |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Storage of Ammunition Packages |
|
|
466 | (2) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
Chapter 27 Classification, Shelf Life and Compatibility |
|
|
469 | (18) |
|
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
|
471 | (2) |
|
Factors Affecting Shelf Life of Ammunitions |
|
|
473 | (2) |
|
|
|
475 | (3) |
|
Moisture/Humidity and Degree of Exposure, Temperature Variation and Ageing |
|
|
478 | (5) |
|
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
Remedial Measures to Avoid Deterioration of Pyrotechnic Ammunitions |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
485 | (2) |
|
Chapter 28 Classification and Nomenclature |
|
|
487 | (6) |
|
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
Overall General Classification (As per Shape, As per Service Use, As per Tactical Use/Type of Functioning) |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
|
|
489 | (3) |
|
Variation in Classification |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Chapter 29 Proof of Pyrotechnic Ammunitions |
|
|
493 | (12) |
|
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
Test/Proof of Composition and Components |
|
|
494 | (2) |
|
Deployment and Functioning of Pyrotechnic Ammunitions |
|
|
496 | (2) |
|
Parameters for Bulk-filled Lot Proof |
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
Types of Filled Lot Proof |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
|
|
499 | (2) |
|
Lot Size and Sampling Plan |
|
|
501 | (2) |
|
Some Major Defects in Proof of Ammunitions |
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
|
|
504 | (1) |
|
Chapter 30 Illuminating Ammunitions |
|
|
505 | (14) |
|
|
|
505 | (1) |
|
Grenade Illuminating Ammunitions |
|
|
505 | (2) |
|
|
|
507 | (2) |
|
Shell Illuminating Ammunitions |
|
|
509 | (3) |
|
Cartridge and Aircraft Illuminating Ammunitions |
|
|
512 | (5) |
|
|
|
517 | (2) |
|
Chapter 31 Photoflash Ammunitions |
|
|
519 | (6) |
|
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
|
|
520 | (2) |
|
|
|
522 | (3) |
|
Chapter 32 Screening Smoke Ammunitions |
|
|
525 | (12) |
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
|
525 | (2) |
|
|
|
527 | (2) |
|
Artillery Smoke Shells and Cartridges |
|
|
529 | (3) |
|
Generator Smoke or Container/Pot Smoke Ammunitions |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
Infrared Screening Smoke Ammunitions |
|
|
533 | (2) |
|
|
|
535 | (2) |
|
Chapter 33 Signalling Ammunitions |
|
|
537 | (14) |
|
|
|
537 | (1) |
|
|
|
537 | (2) |
|
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Artillery Signalling Shells |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Signalling Ammunitions |
|
|
540 | (9) |
|
|
|
540 | (2) |
|
Ammunition Fired under Sea |
|
|
542 | (3) |
|
Ammunition Fired through Aircraft |
|
|
545 | (2) |
|
Ammunition Fired on Ground |
|
|
547 | (2) |
|
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
Chapter 34 Incendiary Ammunitions |
|
|
551 | (6) |
|
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
Small Arms Incendiary Ammunitions |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
Medium Calibre Incendiary Ammunitions |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
Artillery Incendiary Shells |
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
Grenade Incendiary Ammunitions |
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
Gel Incendiary Ammunitions |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
|
|
555 | (2) |
|
Chapter 35 Riot Control Devices/Ammunitions |
|
|
557 | (10) |
|
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
|
|
557 | (2) |
|
|
|
559 | (4) |
|
Heavy Calibre Ammunitions |
|
|
563 | (3) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
Chapter 36 Training/Practice Ammunitions |
|
|
567 | (8) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Types of training/practice ammunitions |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
568 | (1) |
|
|
|
569 | (2) |
|
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
Dummy and cut dummy model |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
|
573 | (2) |
|
Chapter 37 Distress Signalling Devices |
|
|
575 | (10) |
|
|
|
575 | (1) |
|
Differences between Distress Signalling Devices and Signalling Ammunitions |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
Types of Distress Signalling Ammunitions/Devices |
|
|
576 | (5) |
|
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Regulations |
|
|
581 | (2) |
|
|
|
583 | (2) |
|
Chapter 38 Simulating Ammunitions |
|
|
585 | (8) |
|
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
Types of Simulating Ammunitions |
|
|
585 | (6) |
|
|
|
591 | (2) |
|
Chapter 39 Infrared Flare Ammunitions and Devices |
|
|
593 | (14) |
|
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
Types of Infrared Flare Ammunitions |
|
|
593 | (3) |
|
Mortar Infrared Bombs with Parachute |
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
Artillery Infrared Illuminating Shells with Parachute |
|
|
594 | (1) |
|
Hand held Infrared Flares with Parachute |
|
|
594 | (1) |
|
Infrared Flares Decoys for Defensive Purpose |
|
|
594 | (2) |
|
Mechanism of Infrared Flare Decoys for Defensive Purpose |
|
|
596 | (1) |
|
Important Features of Deployment of Infrared Decoys |
|
|
597 | (2) |
|
Infrared Decoy Flares Assembly |
|
|
599 | (4) |
|
Infrared Flare Dispensing Towed Decoy |
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
Differences between Infrared Decoys and Chaff Decoys |
|
|
603 | (2) |
|
|
|
605 | (2) |
| Index |
|
607 | |
