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El. knyga: Minding the Weather: How Expert Forecasters Think

(University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee), (Inst For Human And Machine Cog), (Naval Research Lab, Code 5513), (University of Oklahoma), (How the Weatherworks)
  • Formatas: 488 pages
  • Serija: Minding the Weather
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Aug-2017
  • Leidėjas: MIT Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262339407
  • Formatas: 488 pages
  • Serija: Minding the Weather
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Aug-2017
  • Leidėjas: MIT Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262339407

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This book argues that the human cognition system is the least understood, yet probably most important, component of forecasting accuracy. Minding the Weather investigates how people acquire massive and highly organized knowledge and develop the reasoning skills and strategies that enable them to achieve the highest levels of performance. The authors consider such topics as the forecasting workplace; atmospheric scientists' descriptions of their reasoning strategies; the nature of expertise; forecaster knowledge, perceptual skills, and reasoning; and expert systems designed to imitate forecaster reasoning. Drawing on research in cognitive science, meteorology, and computer science, the authors argue that forecasting involves an interdependence of humans and technologies. Human expertise will always be necessary.

About the Authors ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
1 Introduction
1(26)
2 What Is the Forecasting Workspace Like?
27(22)
3 How Do People Come to Be Forecasters?
49(32)
4 How Do Forecasters Describe How They Reason?
81(20)
5 How Well Do Forecasters (and Forecasts) Perform?
101(28)
6 What Characterizes Expertise?
129(22)
7 How Do Forecasters Get to Be Expert Forecasters?
151(40)
8 What Does Research on Forecaster Knowledge Tell Us?
191(20)
9 What Does Research on Forecaster Perception Tell Us?
211(32)
10 What Does Research on Forecaster Reasoning Tell Us?
243(44)
11 Can a Machine Imitate the Human?
287(18)
12 Can a Machine Replace the Human?
305(32)
13 Forecaster--Computer Interdependence
337(12)
14 Conclusions and Prospects
349(12)
Appendix A List of Acronyms 361(4)
Appendix B Extended Narratives of Two Cases of Forecasting Severe Weather 365(24)
Appendix C Example Synoptic Analyses of GOES Visible Images 389(6)
Appendix D A Case Study in Human-Machine Interdependence 395(4)
Appendix E References on Visualization Design and Display Technology 399(10)
References 409(54)
Index 463