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El. knyga: Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines

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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Automotive Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Feb-2014
  • Leidėjas: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118536209
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Modeling and Control of Engines and DrivelinesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Serija: Automotive Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Feb-2014
  • Leidėjas: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118536209
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Control systems have come to play an important role in the performance of modern vehicles with regards to meeting goals on low emissions and low fuel consumption. To achieve these goals, modeling, simulation, and analysis have become standard tools for the development of control systems in the automotive industry.

Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines provides an up-to-date treatment of the topic from a clear perspective of systems engineering and control systems, which are at the core of vehicle design.

This book has three main goals. The first is to provide a thorough understanding of component models as building blocks. It has therefore been important to provide measurements from real processes, to explain the underlying physics, to describe the modeling considerations, and to validate the resulting models experimentally. Second, the authors show how the models are used in the current design of control and diagnosis systems. These system designs are never used in isolation, so the third goal is to provide a complete setting for system integration and evaluation, including complete vehicle models together with actual requirements and driving cycle analysis.

Key features:





Covers signals, systems, and control in modern vehicles Covers the basic dynamics of internal combustion engines and drivelines Provides a set of standard models and includes examples and case studies Covers turbo- and super-charging, and automotive dependability and diagnosis Accompanied by a web site hosting example models and problems and solutions

Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines is a comprehensive reference for graduate students and the authors close collaboration with the automotive industry ensures that the knowledge and skills that practicing engineers need when analysing and developing new powertrain systems are also covered.
Preface xvii
Series Preface xix
Part I Vehicle - Propulsion Fundamentals
1 Introduction
3(12)
1.1 Trends
4(4)
1.1.1 Energy and Environment
4(1)
1.1.2 Downsizing
4(2)
1.1.3 Hybridization
6(1)
1.1.4 Driver Support Systems and Optimal Driving
6(2)
1.1.5 Engineering Challenges
8(1)
1.2 Vehicle Propulsion
8(3)
1.2.1 Control Enabling Optimal Operation of Powertrains
9(1)
1.2.2 Importance of Powertrain Modeling and Models
10(1)
1.2.3 Sustainability of Model Knowledge
11(1)
1.3 Organization of the Book
11(4)
2 Vehicle
15(30)
2.1 Vehicle Propulsion Dynamics
15(1)
2.2 Driving Resistance
16(12)
2.2.1 Aerodynamic Drag
17(1)
2.2.2 Cooling Drag and Active Air-Shutters
18(1)
2.2.3 Air Drag When Platooning
19(1)
2.2.4 Rolling Resistance - Physical Background
20(1)
2.2.5 Rolling Resistance-Modeling
21(3)
2.2.6 Wheel Slip (Skid)
24(1)
2.2.7 Rolling Resistance - Including Thermal Modeling
25(2)
2.2.8 Gravitation
27(1)
2.2.9 Relative Size of Components
28(1)
2.3 Driving Resistance Models
28(3)
2.3.1 Models for Driveline Control
29(1)
2.3.2 Standard Driving Resistance Model
30(1)
2.3.3 Modeling for Mission Analysis
31(3)
2.4 Driver Behavior and Road Modeling
32(1)
2.4.1 Simple Driver Model
32(1)
2.4.2 Road Modeling
33(1)
2.5 Mission Simulation
34(1)
2.5.1 Methodology
34(1)
2.6 Vehicle Characterization/Characteristics
34(2)
2.6.1 Performance Measures
35(1)
2.7 Fuel Consumption
36(3)
2.7.1 Energy Density Weight
36(1)
2.7.2 From Tank to Wheel - Sankey Diagram
37(1)
2.7.3 Well-to-Wheel Comparisons
38(1)
2.8 Emission Regulations
39(6)
2.8.1 US and EU Driving Cycles and Regulations
39(6)
3 Powertrain
45(24)
3.1 Powertrain Architectures
45(5)
3.1.2 Exhaust Gas Energy Recovery
47(1)
3.1.3 Hybrid Powertrains
47(1)
3.1.4 Electrification
48(2)
3.2 Vehicle Propulsion Control
50(2)
3.2.1 Objectives of Vehicle Propulsion Control
50(1)
3.2.2 Implementation Framework
51(1)
3.2.3 Need for a Control Structure
52(1)
3.3 Torque-Based Powertrain Control
52(6)
3.3.1 Propagation of Torque Demands and Torque Commands
52(2)
3.3.2 Torque-Based Propulsion Control - Driver Interpretation
54(1)
3.3.3 Torque-Based Propulsion Control - Vehicle Demands
55(1)
3.3.4 Torque-Based Propulsion Control - Driveline management
55(1)
3.3.5 Torque-Based Propulsion Control - Driveline-Engine Integration
55(1)
3.3.6 Handling of Torque Requests - Torque Reserve and Interventions
56(2)
3.4 Hybrid Powertrains
58(2)
3.4.1 ICE Handling
58(1)
3.4.2 Motor Handling
59(1)
3.4.3 Battery Management
59(1)
3.5 Outlook and Simulation
60(9)
3.5.1 Simulation Structures
60(1)
3.5.2 Drive/Driving Cycle
60(1)
3.5.3 Forward Simulation
61(1)
3.5.4 Quasi-Static Inverse Simulation
61(1)
3.5.5 Tracking
61(1)
3.5.6 Inverse Dynamic Simulation
62(2)
3.5.7 Usage and Requirements
64(1)
3.5.8 Same Model Blocks Regardless of Method
65(4)
Part II Engine - Fundamentals
4 Engine - Introduction
69(12)
4.1 Air, Fuel, and Air/Fuel Ratio
69(4)
4.1.1 Air
69(1)
4.1.2 Fuels
70(1)
4.1.3 Stoichiometry and (A/F) Ratio
71(2)
4.2 Engine Geometry
73(1)
4.3 Engine Performance
74(3)
4.3.1 Power; Torque, and Mean Effective Pressure
74(1)
4.3.2 Efficiency and Specific Fuel Consumption
75(1)
4.3.3 Volumetric Efficiency
76(1)
4.4 Downsizing and Turbocharging
77(4)
4.4.1 Supercharging and Turbocharging
78(3)
5 Thermodynamics and Working Cycles
81(38)
5.1 The Four-Stroke Cycle
81(4)
5.1.1 Important Engine Events in the Cycle
84(1)
5.2 Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis
85(13)
5.2.1 Ideal Models of Engine Processes
86(3)
5.2.2 Derivation of Cycle Efficiencies
89(2)
5.2.3 Gas Exchange and Pumping Work
91(2)
5.2.4 Residual Gases and Volumetric Efficiency for Ideal Cycles
93(5)
5.3 Efficiency of Ideal Cycles
98(7)
5.3.1 Load, Pumping Work, and Efficiency
99(1)
5.3.2 (A/F) Ratio and Efficiency
100(3)
5.3.3 Differences between Ideal and Real Cycles
103(2)
5.4 Models for In-Cylinder Processes
105(14)
5.4.1 Single-Zone Models
105(2)
5.4.2 Heat Release and Mass Fraction Burned Analysis
107(2)
5.4.3 Characterization of Mass Fraction Burned
109(2)
5.4.4 More Single-Zone Model Components
111(2)
5.4.5 A Single-zone Cylinder Pressure Model
113(1)
5.4.6 Multi-zone Models
114(3)
5.4.7 Applications for Zero-dimensional Models
117(2)
6 Combustion and Emissions
119(26)
6.1 Mixture Preparation and Combustion
119(2)
6.1.1 Fuel Injection
119(1)
6.1.2 Comparing the SI and CI Combustion Process
120(1)
6.2 SI Engine Combustion
121(5)
6.2.1 SI Engine Cycle-to-Cycle Variations
121(1)
6.2.2 Knock and Autoignition
122(2)
6.2.3 Autoignition and Octane Number
124(2)
6.3 CI Engine Combustion
126(2)
6.3.1 Autoignition and Cetane Number
126(2)
6.4 Engine Emissions
128(9)
6.4.1 General Trends for Emission Formation
128(2)
6.4.2 Pollutant Formation in SI Engines
130(4)
6.4.3 Pollutant Formation in CI Engines
134(3)
6.5 Exhaust Gas Treatment
137(8)
6.5.1 Catalyst Efficiency, Temperature, and Light-Off
137(2)
6.5.2 SI Engine Aftertreatment, TWC
139(1)
6.5.3 CI Engine Exhaust Gas Treatment
140(2)
6.5.4 Emission Reduction and Controls
142(3)
Part III Engine - Modeling And Control
7 Mean Value Engine Modeling
145(66)
7.1 Engine Sensors and Actuators
146(3)
7.1.1 Sensor, System, and Actuator Responses
146(3)
7.1.2 Engine Component Modeling
149(1)
7.2 Flow Restriction Models
149(7)
7.2.1 Incompressible Flow
151(3)
7.2.2 Compressible Flow
154(2)
7.3 Throttle Flow Modeling
156(3)
7.3.1 Throttle Area and Discharge Coefficient
157(2)
7.4 Mass Flow Into the Cylinders
159(3)
7.4.1 Models for Volumetric Efficiency
159(3)
7.5 Volumes
162(4)
7.6 Example - Intake Manifold
166(2)
7.7 Fuel Path and (A/F) Ratio
168(12)
7.7.1 Fuel Pumps, Fuel Rail, Injector Feed
168(1)
7.7.2 Fuel Injector
169(2)
7.7.3 Fuel Preparation Dynamics
171(3)
7.7.4 Gas Transport and Mixing
174(1)
7.7.5 A/F Sensors
174(4)
7.7.6 Fuel Path Validation
178(1)
7.7.7 Catalyst and Post-Catalyst Sensor
178(2)
7.8 In-Cylinder Pressure and Instantaneous Torque
180(6)
7.8.1 Compression Asymptote
180(2)
7.8.2 Expansion Asymptote
182(1)
7.8.3 Combustion
183(1)
7.8.4 Gas Exhange and Model Compilation
184(1)
7.8.5 Engine Torque Generation
184(2)
7.9 Mean Value Model for Engine Torque
186(7)
7.9.1 Gross Indicated Work
187(3)
7.9.2 Pumping Work
190(1)
7.9.3 Engine Friction
190(2)
7.9.4 Time Delays in Torque Production
192(1)
7.9.5 Crankshaft Dynamics
193(1)
7.10 Engine-Out Temperature
193(3)
7.11 Heat Transfer and Exhaust Temperatures
196(7)
7.11.1 Temperature Change in a Pipe
196(1)
7.11.2 Heat Transfer Modes in Exhaust Systems
197(1)
7.11.3 Exhaust System Temperature Models
197(6)
7.12 Heat Exchangers and Intercoolers
203(3)
7.12.1 Heat Exchanger Modeling
204(2)
7.13 Throttle Plate Motion
206(5)
7.13.1 Model for Throttle with Throttle Servo
210(1)
8 Turbocharging Basics and Models
211(52)
8.1 Supercharging and Turbocharging Basics
211(3)
8.2 Turbocharging Basic Principles and Performance
214(6)
8.2.1 Turbochargers in Mean Value Engine Models
214(2)
8.2.2 First Law Analysis of Compressor Performance
216(2)
8.2.3 First Law Analysis of Turbine Performance
218(1)
8.2.4 Connecting the Turbine and Compressor
219(1)
8.2.5 Intake Air Density Increase
219(1)
8.3 Dimensional Analysis
220(3)
8.3.1 Compressible Fluid Analysis
221(2)
8.3.2 Model Structure with Corrected Quantities
223(1)
8.4 Compressor and Turbine Performance Maps
223(9)
8.4.1 The Basic Compressor Map
223(2)
8.4.2 The Basic Turbine Map
225(1)
8.4.3 Measurement Procedures for determining Turbo Maps
226(1)
8.4.4 Turbo Performance Calculation Details
227(3)
8.4.5 Heat Transfer and Turbine Efficiency
230(2)
8.5 Turbocharger Models and Parametrization
232(1)
8.5.1 Map Interpolation Models
232(1)
8.6 Compressor Operation and Modeling
232(17)
8.6.1 Physical Modeling of a Compressor
233(4)
8.6.2 Compressor Efficiency Models
237(2)
8.6.3 Compressor Flow Models
239(2)
8.6.4 Compressor Choke
241(3)
8.6.5 Compressor Surge
244(5)
8.7 Turbine Operation and Modeling
249(5)
8.7.1 Turbine Mass Flow
249(3)
8.7.2 Turbine Efficiency
252(1)
8.7.3 Variable Geometry Turbine
253(1)
8.8 Transient Response and Turbo Lag
254(1)
8.9 Example - Turbocharged SI Engine
255(2)
8.10 Example - Turbocharged Diesel Engine
257(6)
9 Engine Management Systems - An Introduction
263(8)
9.1 Engine Management System (EMS)
263(3)
9.1.1 EMS Building Blocks
264(1)
9.1.2 System for Crank and Time-Based Events
265(1)
9.2 Basic Functionality and Software Structure
266(1)
9.2.1 Torque Based Structure
266(1)
9.2.2 Special Modes and Events
267(1)
9.2.3 Automatic Code Generation and Information Exchange
267(1)
9.3 Calibration and Parameter Representation
267(4)
9.3.1 Engine Maps
268(2)
9.3.2 Model-Based Development
270(1)
10 Basic Control of SI Engines
271(46)
10.1 Three Basic SI Engine Controllers
272(7)
10.1.1 Production System Example
273(1)
10.1.2 Basic Control Using Maps
274(1)
10.1.3 Torque, Air Charge, and Pressure Control
275(1)
10.1.4 Pressure Set Point from Simple Torque Model
275(1)
10.1.5 Set Points from Full Torque Model
276(1)
10.1.6 Pressure Control
277(2)
10.2 Throttle Servo
279(3)
10.2.1 Throttle Control Based on Exact Linearization
280(2)
10.3 Fuel Management and A Control
282(12)
10.3.1 Feedforward and Feedback A Control Structure
283(1)
10.3.2 Feedforward A Control with Basic Fuel Metering
283(1)
10.3.3 Feedback A Control
284(5)
10.3.4 Fuel Dynamics and Injector Compensation
289(1)
10.3.5 Observer Based A Control and Adaption
290(3)
10.3.6 Dual and Triple Sensor A Control
293(1)
10.4 Other Factors that Influence A Control
294(5)
10.4.1 Full Load Enrichment
295(1)
10.4.2 Engine Overspeed and Overrun
296(1)
10.4.3 Support Systems that Influence Air and Fuel Calculation
296(2)
10.4.4 Cold Start Enrichment
298(1)
10.4.5 Individual Cylinder A-control
298(1)
10.5 Ignition Control
299(7)
10.5.1 Knock Control - Feedback Control
301(3)
10.5.2 Ignition Energy - Dwell Time Control
304(1)
10.5.3 Long-term Torque, Short-term Torque, and Torque Reserve
305(1)
10.6 Idle Speed Control
306(1)
10.7 Torque Management and Idle Speed Control
307(1)
10.8 Turbo Control
308(7)
10.8.1 Compressor Anti-surge Control
308(1)
10.8.2 Boost Pressure Control
309(3)
10.8.3 Boost Pressure Control with Gain Scheduling
312(2)
10.8.4 Turbo and Knock Control
314(1)
10.9 Dependability and Graceful Degradation
315(2)
11 Basic Control of Diesel Engines
317(32)
11.1 Overview of Diesel Engine Operation and Control
317(3)
11.1.1 Diesel Engine Emission Trade-Off
318(1)
11.1.2 Diesel Engine Configuration and Basics
319(1)
11.2 Basic Torque Control
320(2)
11.2.1 Feedforward Fuel Control
322(1)
11.3 Additional Torque Controllers
322(1)
11.4 Fuel Control
323(4)
11.4.1 Control signal - Multiple Fuel Injections
324(2)
11.4.2 Control Strategies for Fuel Injection
326(1)
11.5 Control of Gas Flows
327(5)
11.5.1 Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
328(1)
11.5.2 EGR and Variable Geometry Turbine (VGT)
329(3)
11.6 Case Study: EGR and VGT Control and Tuning
332(14)
11.6.1 Control Objectives
333(1)
11.6.2 System Properties that Guide the Control Design
334(2)
11.6.3 Control Structure
336(4)
11.6.4 PID Parameterization, Implementation, and Tuning
340(3)
11.6.5 Evaluation on European Transient Cycle
343(3)
11.6.6 Summing up the EGR VGT Case Study
346(1)
11.7 Diesel After Treatment Control
346(3)
12 Engine-Some Advanced Concepts
349(24)
12.1 Variable Valve Actuation
349(7)
12.1.1 Valve Profiles
351(1)
12.1.2 Effects of Variable Valve Actuation
352(2)
12.1.3 Other Valve Enabled Functions
354(1)
12.1.4 WA and Its Implications for Model Based Control
355(1)
12.1.5 A Remark on Air and Fuel Control Strategies
355(1)
12.2 Variable Compression
356(5)
12.2.1 Example - The SAAB Variable Compression Engine
357(1)
12.2.2 Additional Controls
358(3)
12.3 Signal Interpretation and Feedback Control
361(12)
12.3.1 Ion-sense
361(4)
12.3.2 Example - Ion-sense Ignition Feedback Control
365(4)
12.3.3 Concluding Remarks and Examples of Signal Processing
369(4)
Part IV Driveline - Modeling And Control
13 Driveline Introduction
373(8)
13.1 Driveline
373(1)
13.2 Motivations for Driveline Modeling and Control
373(3)
13.2.1 Principal Objectives and Variables
374(1)
13.2.2 Driveline Control vs. Longitudinal Vehicle Propulsion Control
375(1)
13.2.3 Physical Background
375(1)
13.2.4 Application-driven Background
375(1)
13.3 Behavior without Appropriate Control
376(4)
13.3.1 Vehicle Shuffle, Vehicle Surge
376(1)
13.3.2 Traversing Backlash-shunt and Shuffle
377(1)
13.3.3 Oscillations After Gear Disengagement
377(3)
13.4 Approach
380(1)
13.4.1 Timescales
380(1)
13.4.2 Modeling and Control
380(1)
14 Driveline Modeling
381(32)
14.1 General Modeling Methodology
381(3)
14.1.1 Graphical Scheme of a Driveline
382(1)
14.1.2 General Driveline Equations
382(2)
14.2 A Basic Complete Model - A Rigid Driveline
384(2)
14.2.1 Combining the Equations
385(1)
14.2.2 Reflected Mass and Inertias
386(1)
14.3 Driveline Surge
386(5)
14.3.1 Experiments for Driveline Modeling
386(1)
14.3.2 Model with Driveshaft Flexibility
387(4)
14.4 Additional Driveline Dynamics
391(5)
14.4.1 Influence on Parameter Estimation
391(1)
14.4.2 Character of Deviation in Validation Data
392(1)
14.4.3 Influence from Propeller-shaft Flexibility
393(1)
14.4.4 Parameter Estimation with Springs in Series
394(1)
14.4.5 Sensor Dynamics
395(1)
14.5 Clutch Influence and Backlash in General
396(8)
14.5.1 Model with Flexible Clutch and Driveshaft
396(4)
14.5.2 Nonlinear Clutch and Driveshaft Flexibility
400(3)
14.5.3 Backlash in General
403(1)
14.6 Modeling of Neutral Gear and Open Clutch
404(2)
14.6.1 Experiments
404(1)
14.6.2 A Decoupled Model
405(1)
14.7 Clutch Modeling
406(3)
14.7.1 Clutch Modes
409(1)
14.8 Torque Converter
409(2)
14.9 Concluding Remarks on Modeling
411(2)
14.9.1 A Set of Models
411(1)
14.9.2 Model Support
411(1)
14.9.3 Control Design and Validating Simulations
412(1)
15 Driveline Control
413(60)
15.1 Characteristics of Driveline Control
414(5)
15.1.1 Inclusion in Torque-Based Powertrain Control
414(1)
15.1.2 Consequence of Sensor Locations
415(1)
15.1.3 Torque Actuation
415(1)
15.1.4 Transmissions
416(1)
15.1.5 Engine as Torque Actuator
417(1)
15.1.6 Control Approaches
418(1)
15.2 Basics of Driveline Control
419(8)
15.2.1 State-Space Formulation of the Driveshaft Model
419(1)
15.2.2 Disturbance Description
420(1)
15.2.3 Measurement Description
420(1)
15.2.4 Performance Output
420(1)
15.2.5 Control Objective
421(1)
15.2.6 Controller Structures
421(1)
15.2.7 Notation for Transfer Functions
422(1)
15.2.8 Some Characteristic Feedback Properties
422(3)
15.2.9 Insight from Simplified Transfer Functions
425(2)
15.3 Driveline Speed Control
427(16)
15.3.1 RQV control
427(2)
15.3.2 Formulating the Objective of Anti-Surge Control
429(1)
15.3.3 Speed Control with Active Damping and RQV Behavior
430(5)
15.3.4 Influence from Sensor Location
435(1)
15.3.5 Load Estimation
436(2)
15.3.6 Evaluation of the Anti-Surge Controller
438(1)
15.3.7 Demonstrating Rejection of Load Disturbance
439(1)
15.3.8 Experimental Verification of Anti-Surge Control
440(3)
15.3.9 Experiment Eliminating a Misconception
443(1)
15.4 Control of Driveline Torques
443(5)
15.4.1 Purpose of Driveline Torque Control for Gear Shifting
444(1)
15.4.2 Demonstration of Potential Problems in Torque Control
444(3)
15.4.3 Approaches to Driveline Torque Control for Gear Shifting
447(1)
15.5 Transmission Torque Control
448(11)
15.5.1 Modeling of Transmission Torque
448(4)
15.5.2 Transmission-Torque Control Criterion
452(1)
15.5.3 Gear-shift Condition
452(2)
15.5.4 Final Control Criterion
454(1)
15.5.5 Resulting Behavior-Feasible Active Damping
454(2)
15.5.6 Validating Simulations and Sensor Location Influence
456(3)
15.6 Driveshaft Torsion Control
459(8)
15.6.1 Recalling Damping Control with PID
460(1)
15.6.2 Controller Structure
460(1)
15.6.3 Observer for Driveshaft Torsion
461(3)
15.6.4 Field Trials for Controller Validation
464(1)
15.6.5 Validation of Gear Shift Quality
464(2)
15.6.6 Handling of Initial Driveline Oscillations
466(1)
15.7 Recapitulation and Concluding Remarks
467(6)
15.7.1 General Methodology
467(1)
15.7.2 Valuable Insights
468(1)
15.7.3 Formulation of Control Criterion
468(1)
15.7.4 Validation of Functionality
468(1)
15.7.5 Experimental Verification of Torque Limit Handling
469(1)
15.7.6 Benefits
469(4)
Part V Diagnosis And Dependability
16 Diagnosis and Dependability
473(54)
16.1 Dependability
474(5)
16.1.1 Functional Safety-Unintended Torque
474(2)
16.1.2 Functional Safety Standards
476(1)
16.1.3 Controller Qualification/Conditions/Prerequisites
477(1)
16.1.4 Accommodation of Fault Situations
478(1)
16.1.5 Outlook
478(1)
16.1.6 Connections
479(1)
16.2 Basic Definitions and Concepts
479(3)
16.2.1 Fault and Failure
480(1)
16.2.2 Detection, Isolation, Identification, and Diagnosis
481(1)
16.2.3 False Alarm and Missed Detection
481(1)
16.2.4 Passive or Active (Intrusive)
482(1)
16.2.5 Off-Line or On-Line (On-Board)
482(1)
16.3 Introducing Methodology
482(12)
16.3.1 A Simple Sensor Fault
482(1)
16.3.2 A Simple Actuator Fault
483(1)
16.3.3 Triple Sensor Redundancy
483(2)
16.3.4 Triple Redundancy Using Virtual Sensors
485(1)
16.3.5 Redundancy and Model-Based Diagnosis
486(2)
16.3.6 Forming a Decision-Residual Evaluation
488(3)
16.3.7 Leakage in a Turbo Engine
491(3)
16.4 Engineering of Diagnosis Systems
494(1)
16.5 Selected Automotive Applications
494(26)
16.5.1 Catalyst and Lambda Sensors
495(1)
16.5.2 Throttle Supervision
496(1)
16.5.3 Evaporative System Monitoring
497(4)
16.5.4 Misfire
501(6)
16.5.5 Air Intake
507(10)
16.5.6 Diesel Engine Model
517(3)
16.6 History, Legislation, and OBD
520(1)
16.6.1 Diagnosis of Automotive Engines
520(1)
16.7 Legislation
521(8)
16.7.1 OBDII
521(2)
16.7.2 Examples of OBDII Legislation Texts
523(4)
A Thermodynamic Data and Heat Transfer Formulas 527(14)
A.1 Thermodynamic Data and Some Constants
527(1)
A.2 Fuel Data
528(1)
A.3 Dimensionless Numbers
528(1)
A.4 Heat Transfer Basics
529(12)
A.4.1 Conduction
535(1)
A.4.2 Convection
536(1)
A.4.3 Radiation
537(1)
A.4.4 Resistor Analogy
537(2)
A.4.5 Solution to Fourth-order Equations
539(2)
References 541(14)
Index 555
Lars Eriksson is an Associate Professor of Vehicular Systems at Linköping University with main responsibility for the engine control laboratory. Since 1994, he has been working as a researcher in the field of modeling and control of engines and drivelines with research that is performed in close collaboration with industry. This provides good contact with practicing engineers and who are then able to offer their input when new research results are integrated into course curriculums. As a teacher he has developed and taught several courses on this subject, both at the university and for industry. At Linköping University he is responsible for the course Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines which has been given on the subject since 1998 and he is also a regular lecturer for the module Basics of SI engine control on the Powertrain Engineering Programme at IFP School in Paris.

Since 1992, Lars Nielsen has been a Professor of Vehicular Systems holding the Sten Gustafsson chair at Linköping University. His main research interests are in automotive modeling, control, and diagnosis, and he has been active in all aspects of this field during its expansion and growth since the nineties.  His supervision has led to thirty graduate exams, in many cases with significant industrial participation. The collaboration aspect has also been strong in his role as center director for two large centers of excellence (ECSEL 1996-2002, LINK-SIC 2010- ). In the international research community, he was the Chairman of Automotive Control within the International Federation of Automatic Control (2002-2005), and then the Chairman of all Transportation and Vehicle Systems (2005-2011). Selected national commissions of trust are Board Member of the Swedish Research Council-NT (2001-2006), and vice chair in IVA II - the electrical engineering division of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering (2010-).
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