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Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research 3rd edition [Kietas viršelis]

4.56/5 (21 ratings by Goodreads)
(UK Transplant, Bristol, UK)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 548 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 840 g, 109 Tables, black and white; 110 Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Chapman & Hall/CRC Texts in Statistical Science
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Dec-2014
  • Leidėjas: Chapman & Hall/CRC
  • ISBN-10: 1439856788
  • ISBN-13: 9781439856789
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 548 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 840 g, 109 Tables, black and white; 110 Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Chapman & Hall/CRC Texts in Statistical Science
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Dec-2014
  • Leidėjas: Chapman & Hall/CRC
  • ISBN-10: 1439856788
  • ISBN-13: 9781439856789
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Collett presents an account of survival analysis at an intermediate level to meet the needs of statisticians in pharmaceutical and medical research, scientists and clinicians who are analyzing their own data, and graduate or undergraduate students studying survival analysis. The topics include some non-parametric procedures, the Cox regression model, accelerated failure time and other parametric models, model checking in parametric models, time-dependent variables, non-proportional hazards and institutional comparisons, and multiple events and event history modeling. Annotation ©2015 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research describes the modelling approach to the analysis of survival data using a wide range of examples from biomedical research.

Well known for its nontechnical style, this third edition contains new chapters on frailty models and their applications, competing risks, non-proportional hazards, and dependent censoring. It also describes techniques for modelling the occurrence of multiple events and event history analysis. Earlier chapters are now expanded to include new material on a number of topics, including measures of predictive ability and flexible parametric models. Many new data sets and examples are included to illustrate how these techniques are used in modelling survival data.

Bibliographic notes and suggestions for further reading are provided at the end of each chapter. Additional data sets to obtain a fuller appreciation of the methodology, or to be used as student exercises, are provided in the appendix. All data sets used in this book are also available in electronic format online.

This book is an invaluable resource for statisticians in the pharmaceutical industry, professionals in medical research institutes, scientists and clinicians who are analyzing their own data, and students taking undergraduate or postgraduate courses in survival analysis.

Recenzijos

"Now in its third edition, Colletts book provides a comprehensive overview of survival analyses and extensions. The book has been expanded considerably; it has increased to 532 pages from the 395 pages in the second edition. Most notably, Collett has expanded his chapter on the Cox regression model and added more information on extensions to standard survival analyses such as frailty models, competing risks, multiple events, and event history modelingA strength of this book is the authors emphasis on diagnostics and model-checking and the integration of thorough references to other works so the reader can seek more background or additional information as necessary. As Collett describes it, he is aiming his writing at an intermediate level. This book is quite well written and straightforward to follow, but does require some statistics background of the readerthis book is definitely worth a look for anyone who teaches or conducts survival analyses. It is an excellent resource for applied statisticians and biostatisticians, and has strong potential as a textbook for upper-year statistics undergraduate or graduate-level courses in survival analysis." Bethany J. G. White, The University of Western Ontario, in The American Statistician, March 2016

"The third edition of Dave Colletts book enhances its position as a superb introduction to the area of survival analysis for medical statisticians, academic statisticians, their students, and statistically aware medical practitioners. It is easy to read and has clear explanations and enough mathematical material to satisfy the statistician but not too much that it would deter others. The extra material added since the second edition keeps this book at the forefront." Dr. Trevor Cox, Director of Statistics, Cancer Research UK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit

"This is an excellent book, which should appeal to anyone involved in quantitative medical research or research training. Earlier editions have already established this remarkable book as a standard reference to one of the most important topics in medical research: survival analysis. In the latest edition, the author has widened the scope of his coverage of the subject far beyond the standard Cox analysis that still dominates the medical literature. He does this with the same lucid style and systematic harmonization of theory and practice as before. The key equations are provided, but not allowed to distract the practitioner. Examples are used both to explain all the important concepts and methodologies and to motivate the theory." Mark Woodward, Professor of Statistics and Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford

"Dr. Collett has provided an invaluable resource for all students of biostatistics and epidemiology, whether new learners or long-time professionals in the field. He covers the fundamentals of survival analysis by providing thorough treatments of the theory and underpinnings of the concepts while making the material accessible to the reader by providing numerous real-world examples that nicely illustrate the concepts. In addition, he covers many recent additions to the field ensuring that the text is up to date and relevant to todays practicing biostatistician. Dr. Colletts text will be an indispensable resource to all who are charged with drawing proper inference from survival data." Jon J. Snyder, PhD, Director of Transplant Epidemiology, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation

"As a masters student in biostatistics, with a medical background, I missed having a good reference book for survival analysis that is interlarded with clinical examples. Albeit too late for my studies, I was glad to see the appearance of the first edition of this book. It has been a good friend since that time and the second editionagain full of examples of medical datafulfilled all expectations. this newest edition remains fresh as a daisy and will certainly join its older brothers in my bookcase." Jacqueline M. Smits, MD, PhD

Praise for the Second Edition:Collett has succeeded admirably in updating the first edition of his book [ This book] has numerous, carefully worked, real-data examples. There is enough new material in the second edition to justify its purchase by someone who already owns the first edition. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Sept. 2004, Vol. 99, No. 467

this text is a fine example of technical writing and remains highly recommended for both students and researchers requiring an introduction to survival analysis in a medical context. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Issue 167 (4)

a well written practical guide with a demonstration of SAS software to perform survival analysis. It can be used as a textbook in a graduate-level survival analysis course . Journal of Statistical Computation & Simulation, Vol. 74, No. 5, May 2004

It is thorough and authoritative, covers all essential theory and contains many practical tips. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Vol. 157

Praise for the First Edition: a useful book that has particular merit for the applied statistician. Chapters 1-6 and 11 alone supply a wonderful introduction to survival analysis. The mathematical statistician unfamiliar with survival analysis who desires to become quickly abreast will also gain much from the book. Journal of the American Statistical Association

Students found the presentation of the material and examples to be very helpful an excellent book I highly recommend this book for practising statisticians engaged in analysing univariate survival data. This book will not only serve the statistical practitioner in the medical and pharmaceutical research areas well, but will be a convenient text for the lecturer aiming to include a useful applied component into a post-graduate statistics or operational research degree course. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society

The book would be a popular text for courses and a well-thumbed addition to any medical statisticians collection. It is sufficiently general to be of interest to industrial statisticians concerned with lifetime testing but the focus is clearly on survival of patients under treatment. The Statistician "Now in its third edition, Colletts book provides a comprehensive overview of survival analyses and extensions. The book has been expanded considerably; it has increased to 532 pages from the 395 pages in the second edition. Most notably, Collett has expanded his chapter on the Cox regression model and added more information on extensions to standard survival analyses such as frailty models, competing risks, multiple events, and event history modelingA strength of this book is the authors emphasis on diagnostics and model-checking and the integration of thorough references to other works so the reader can seek more background or additional information as necessary. As Collett describes it, he is aiming his writing at an intermediate level. This book is quite well written and straightforward to follow, but does require some statistics background of the readerthis book is definitely worth a look for anyone who teaches or conducts survival analyses. It is an excellent resource for applied statisticians and biostatisticians, and has strong potential as a textbook for upper-year statistics undergraduate or graduate-level courses in survival analysis." Bethany J. G. White, The University of Western Ontario, in The American Statistician, March 2016

"The third edition of Dave Colletts book enhances its position as a superb introduction to the area of survival analysis for medical statisticians, academic statisticians, their students, and statistically aware medical practitioners. It is easy to read and has clear explanations and enough mathematical material to satisfy the statistician but not too much that it would deter others. The extra material added since the second edition keeps this book at the forefront." Dr. Trevor Cox, Director of Statistics, Cancer Research UK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit

"This is an excellent book, which should appeal to anyone involved in quantitative medical research or research training. Earlier editions have already established this remarkable book as a standard reference to one of the most important topics in medical research: survival analysis. In the latest edition, the author has widened the scope of his coverage of the subject far beyond the standard Cox analysis that still dominates the medical literature. He does this with the same lucid style and systematic harmonization of theory and practice as before. The key equations are provided, but not allowed to distract the practitioner. Examples are used both to explain all the important concepts and methodologies and to motivate the theory." Mark Woodward, Professor of Statistics and Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford

"Dr. Collett has provided an invaluable resource for all students of biostatistics and epidemiology, whether new learners or long-time professionals in the field. He covers the fundamentals of survival analysis by providing thorough treatments of the theory and underpinnings of the concepts while making the material accessible to the reader by providing numerous real-world examples that nicely illustrate the concepts. In addition, he covers many recent additions to the field ensuring that the text is up to date and relevant to todays practicing biostatistician. Dr. Colletts text will be an indispensable resource to all who are charged with drawing proper inference from survival data." Jon J. Snyder, PhD, Director of Transplant Epidemiology, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation

"As a masters student in biostatistics, with a medical background, I missed having a good reference book for survival analysis that is interlarded with clinical examples. Albeit too late for my studies, I was glad to see the appearance of the first edition of this book. It has been a good friend since that time and the second editionagain full of examples of medical datafulfilled all expectations. this newest edition remains fresh as a daisy and will certainly join its older brothers in my bookcase." Jacqueline M. Smits, MD, PhD

Praise for the Second Edition:Collett has succeeded admirably in updating the first edition of his book [ This book] has numerous, carefully worked, real-data examples. There is enough new material in the second edition to justify its purchase by someone who already owns the first edition. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Sept. 2004, Vol. 99, No. 467

this text is a fine example of technical writing and remains highly recommended for both students and researchers requiring an introduction to survival analysis in a medical context. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Issue 167 (4)

a well written practical guide with a demonstration of SAS software to perform survival analysis. It can be used as a textbook in a graduate-level survival analysis course . Journal of Statistical Computation & Simulation, Vol. 74, No. 5, May 2004

It is thorough and authoritative, covers all essential theory and contains many practical tips. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Vol. 157

Praise for the First Edition: a useful book that has particular merit for the applied statistician. Chapters 1-6 and 11 alone supply a wonderful introduction to survival analysis. The mathematical statistician unfamiliar with survival analysis who desires to become quickly abreast will also gain much from the book. Journal of the American Statistical Association

Students found the presentation of the material and examples to be very helpful an excellent book I highly recommend this book for practising statisticians engaged in analysing univariate survival data. This book will not only serve the statistical practitioner in the medical and pharmaceutical research areas well, but will be a convenient text for the lecturer aiming to include a useful applied component into a post-graduate statistics or operational research degree course. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society

The book would be a popular text for courses and a well-thumbed addition to any medical statisticians collection. It is sufficiently general to be of interest to industrial statisticians concerned with lifetime testing but the focus is clearly on survival of patients under treatment. The Statistician

Preface xv
1 Survival analysis 1(16)
1.1 Special features of survival data
1(4)
1.1.1 Censoring
2(1)
1.1.2 Independent censoring
3(1)
1.1.3 Study time and patient time
3(2)
1.2 Some examples
5(5)
1.3 Survivor, hazard and cumulative hazard functions
10(4)
1.3.1 The survivor function
10(2)
1.3.2 The hazard function
12(1)
1.3.3 The cumulative hazard function
13(1)
1.4 Computer software for survival analysis
14(1)
1.5 Further reading
15(2)
2 Some non-parametric procedures 17(40)
2.1 Estimating the survivor function
17(8)
2.1.1 Life-table estimate of the survivor function
19(2)
2.1.2 Kaplan-Meier estimate of the survivor function
21(3)
2.1.3 Nelson-Aalen estimate of the survivor function
24(1)
2.2 Standard error of the estimated survivor function
25(6)
2.2.1 Standard error of the Kaplan-Meier estimate
26(1)
2.2.2 Standard error of other estimates
27(1)
2.2.3 Confidence intervals for values of the survivor function
28(3)
2.3 Estimating the hazard function
31(5)
2.3.1 Life-table estimate of the hazard function
31(1)
2.3.2 Kaplan-Meier type estimate
32(3)
2.3.3 Estimating the cumulative hazard function
35(1)
2.4 Estimating the median and percentiles of survival times
36(2)
2.5 Confidence intervals for the median and percentiles
38(2)
2.6 Comparison of two groups of survival data
40(10)
2.6.1 Hypothesis testing
41(3)
2.6.2 The log-rank test
44(4)
2.6.3 The Wilcoxon test
48(1)
2.6.4 Comparison of the log-rank and Wilcoxon tests
49(1)
2.7 Comparison of three or more groups of survival data
50(2)
2.8 Stratified tests
52(2)
2.9 Log-rank test for trend
54(2)
2.10 Further reading
56(1)
3 The Cox regression model 57(74)
3.1 Modelling the hazard function
57(3)
3.1.1 A model for the comparison of two groups
58(1)
3.1.2 The general proportional hazards model
59(1)
3.2 The linear component of the model
60(5)
3.2.1 Including a variate
61(1)
3.2.2 Including a factor
61(1)
3.2.3 Including an interaction
62(1)
3.2.4 Including a mixed term
63(2)
3.3 Fitting the Cox regression model
65(7)
3.3.1 Likelihood function for the model
67(2)
3.3.2 Treatment of ties
69(2)
3.3.3 The Newton-Raphson procedure
71(1)
3.4 Confidence intervals and hypothesis tests
72(4)
3.4.1 Confidence intervals for hazard ratios
73(1)
3.4.2 Two examples
73(3)
3.5 Comparing alternative models
76(7)
3.5.1 The statistic -2 log L
77(1)
3.5.2 Comparing nested models
78(5)
3.6 Strategy for model selection
83(7)
3.6.1 Variable selection procedures
84(6)
3.7 Variable selection using the lasso
90(5)
3.7.1 The lasso in Cox regression modelling
91(1)
3.7.2 Data preparation
92(3)
3.8 Non-linear terms
95(4)
3.8.1 Testing for non-linearity
96(1)
3.8.2 Modelling non-linearity
97(1)
3.8.3 Fractional polynomials
98(1)
3.9 Interpretation of parameter estimates
99(8)
3.9.1 Models with a variate
99(1)
3.9.2 Models with a factor
100(4)
3.9.3 Models with combinations of terms
104(3)
3.10 Estimating the hazard and survivor functions
107(9)
3.10.1 The special case of no covariates
110(1)
3.10.2 Some approximations to estimates of baseline functions
110(6)
3.11 Risk adjusted survivor function
116(4)
3.11.1 Risk adjusted survivor function for groups of individuals
117(3)
3.12 Explained variation in the Cox regression model
120(5)
3.12.1 Measures of explained variation
122(1)
3.12.2 Measures of predictive ability
123(1)
3.12.3 Model validation
124(1)
3.13 Proportional hazards and the log-rank test
125(3)
3.14 Further reading
128(3)
4 Model checking in the Cox regression model 131(40)
4.1 Residuals for the Cox regression model
131(11)
4.1.1 Cox-Snell residuals
132(1)
4.1.2 Modified Cox-Snell residuals
133(2)
4.1.3 Martingale residuals
135(1)
4.1.4 Deviance residuals
136(1)
4.1.5 Schoenfeld residuals
137(1)
4.1.6 Score residuals
138(4)
4.2 Assessment of model fit
142(10)
4.2.1 Plots based on the Cox-Snell residuals
142(3)
4.2.2 Plots based on the martingale and deviance residuals
145(2)
4.2.3 Checking the functional form of covariates
147(5)
4.3 Identification of influential observations
152(8)
4.3.1 Influence of observations on a parameter estimate
153(2)
4.3.2 Influence of observations on the set of parameter estimates
155(3)
4.3.3 Treatment of influential observations
158(2)
4.4 Testing the assumption of proportional hazards
160(8)
4.4.1 The log-cumulative hazard plot
161(2)
4.4.2 Use of Schoenfeld residuals
163(1)
4.4.3 Tests for non-proportional hazards
164(2)
4.4.4 Adding a time-dependent variable
166(2)
4.5 Recommendations
168(1)
4.6 Further reading
169(2)
5 Parametric proportional hazards models 171(50)
5.1 Models for the hazard function
171(6)
5.1.1 The exponential distribution
172(1)
5.1.2 The Weibull distribution
173(4)
5.2 Assessing the suitability of a parametric model
177(1)
5.3 Fitting a parametric model to a single sample
178(3)
5.3.1 Likelihood function for randomly censored data
180(1)
5.4 Fitting exponential and Weibull models
181(11)
5.4.1 Fitting the exponential distribution
182(4)
5.4.2 Fitting the Weibull distribution
186(2)
5.4.3 Standard error of a percentile of the Weibull distribution
188(4)
5.5 A model for the comparison of two groups
192(7)
5.5.1 The log-cumulative hazard plot
192(2)
5.5.2 Fitting the model
194(5)
5.6 The Weibull proportional hazards model
199(9)
5.6.1 Fitting the model
200(1)
5.6.2 Standard error of a percentile in the Weibull model
201(2)
5.6.3 Log-linear form of the model
203(2)
5.6.4 Exploratory analyses
205(3)
5.7 Comparing alternative Weibull models
208(7)
5.8 Explained variation in the Weibull model
215(1)
5.9 The Gompertz proportional hazards model
216(2)
5.10 Model choice
218(1)
5.11 Further reading
219(2)
6 Accelerated failure time and other parametric models 221(54)
6.1 Probability distributions for survival data
221(4)
6.1.1 The log-logistic distribution
222(1)
6.1.2 The lognormal distribution
222(2)
6.1.3 The gamma distribution
224(1)
6.1.4 The inverse Gaussian distribution
225(1)
6.2 Exploratory analyses
225(2)
6.3 Accelerated failure model for two groups
227(5)
6.3.1 Comparison with the proportional hazards model
228(3)
6.3.2 The percentile-percentile plot
231(1)
6.4 The general accelerated failure time model
232(4)
6.4.1 Log-linear form of the accelerated failure time model
234(2)
6.5 Parametric accelerated failure time models
236(7)
6.5.1 The Weibull accelerated failure time model
236(3)
6.5.2 The log-logistic accelerated failure time model
239(1)
6.5.3 The lognormal accelerated failure time model
240(1)
6.5.4 Summary
241(2)
6.6 Fitting and comparing accelerated failure time models
243(7)
6.7 The proportional odds model
250(5)
6.7.1 The log-logistic proportional odds model
253(2)
6.8 Some other distributions for survival data
255(1)
6.9 Flexible parametric models
256(12)
6.9.1 The Royston and Parmar model
259(3)
6.9.2 Number and position of the knots
262(1)
6.9.3 Fitting the model
262(4)
6.9.4 Proportional odds models
266(2)
6.10 Modelling cure rates
268(2)
6.11 Effect of covariate adjustment
270(2)
6.12 Further reading
272(3)
7 Model checking in parametric models 275(20)
7.1 Residuals for parametric models
275(3)
7.1.1 Standardised residuals
275(1)
7.1.2 Cox-Snell residuals
276(1)
7.1.3 Martingale residuals
277(1)
7.1.4 Deviance residuals
277(1)
7.1.5 Score residuals
277(1)
7.2 Residuals for particular parametric models
278(6)
7.2.1 Weibull distribution
279(1)
7.2.2 Log-logistic distribution
279(1)
7.2.3 Lognormal distribution
280(1)
7.2.4 Analysis of residuals
280(4)
7.3 Comparing observed and fitted survivor functions
284(3)
7.4 Identification of influential observations
287(4)
7.4.1 Influence of observations on a parameter estimate
287(1)
7.4.2 Influence of observations on the set of parameter estimates
288(3)
7.5 Testing proportional hazards in the Weibull model
291(1)
7.6 Further reading
292(3)
8 Time-dependent variables 295(24)
8.1 Types of time-dependent variables
295(1)
8.2 A model with time-dependent variables
296(6)
8.2.1 Fitting the Cox model
297(3)
8.2.2 Estimation of baseline hazard and survivor functions
300(2)
8.3 Model comparison and validation
302(2)
8.3.1 Comparison of treatments
303(1)
8.3.2 Assessing model adequacy
303(1)
8.4 Some applications of time-dependent variables
304(2)
8.5 Three examples
306(10)
8.6 Counting process format
316(1)
8.7 Further reading
317(2)
9 Interval-censored survival data 319(26)
9.1 Modelling interval-censored survival data
319(3)
9.2 Modelling the recurrence probability in the follow-up period
322(3)
9.3 Modelling the recurrence probability at different times
325(7)
9.4 Arbitrarily interval-censored survival data
332(10)
9.4.1 Modelling arbitrarily interval-censored data
332(2)
9.4.2 Proportional hazards model for the survivor function
334(3)
9.4.3 Choice of the step times
337(5)
9.5 Parametric models for interval-censored data
342(1)
9.6 Discussion
343(1)
9.7 Further reading
344(1)
10 Frailty models 345(36)
10.1 Introduction to frailty
345(3)
10.1.1 Random effects
346(1)
10.1.2 Individual frailty
346(1)
10.1.3 Shared frailty
347(1)
10.2 Modelling individual frailty
348(4)
10.2.1 Frailty distributions
349(2)
10.2.2 Observable survivor and hazard functions
351(1)
10.3 The gamma frailty distribution
352(4)
10.3.1 Impact of frailty on an observable hazard function
353(1)
10.3.2 Impact of frailty on an observable hazard ratio
354(2)
10.4 Fitting parametric frailty models
356(7)
10.4.1 Gamma frailty
357(6)
10.5 Fitting semi-parametric frailty models
363(3)
10.5.1 Lognormal frailty effects
363(2)
10.5.2 Gamma frailty effects
365(1)
10.6 Comparing models with frailty
366(6)
10.6.1 Testing for the presence of frailty
366(6)
10.7 The shared frailty model
372(5)
10.7.1 Fitting the shared frailty model
373(1)
10.7.2 Comparing shared frailty models
374(3)
10.8 Some other aspects of frailty modelling
377(2)
10.8.1 Model checking
377(1)
10.8.2 Correlated frailty models
378(1)
10.8.3 Dependence measures
378(1)
10.8.4 Numerical problems in model fitting
378(1)
10.9 Further reading
379(2)
11 Non-proportional hazards and institutional comparisons 381(24)
11.1 Non-proportional hazards
381(2)
11.2 Stratified proportional hazards models
383(6)
11.2.1 Non-proportional hazards between treatments
385(4)
11.3 Restricted mean survival
389(4)
11.3.1 Use of pseudo-values
391(2)
11.4 Institutional comparisons
393(10)
11.4.1 Interval estimate for the RAFR
397(3)
11.4.2 Use of the Poisson regression model
400(2)
11.4.3 Random institution effects
402(1)
11.5 Further reading
403(2)
12 Competing risks 405(24)
12.1 Introduction to competing risks
405(1)
12.2 Summarising competing risks data
406(8)
12.2.1 Kaplan-Meier estimate of survivor function
407(2)
12.3 Hazard and cumulative incidence functions
409(1)
12.3.1 Cause-specific hazard function
409(1)
12.3.2 Cause-specific cumulative incidence function
410(3)
12.3.3 Some other functions of interest
413(1)
12.4 Modelling cause-specific hazards
414(5)
12.4.1 Likelihood functions for competing risks models
415(3)
12.4.2 Parametric models for cumulative incidence functions
418(1)
12.5 Modelling cause-specific incidence
419(3)
12.5.1 The Fine and Gray competing risks model
419(3)
12.6 Model checking
422(6)
12.7 Further reading
428(1)
13 Multiple events and event history modelling 429(28)
13.1 Introduction to counting processes
429(6)
13.1.1 Modelling the intensity function
430(1)
13.1.2 Survival data as a counting process
431(2)
13.1.3 Survival data in the counting process format
433(1)
13.1.4 Robust estimation of the variance-covariance matrix
434(1)
13.2 Modelling recurrent event data
435(8)
13.2.1 The Anderson and Gill model
436(1)
13.2.2 The Prentice, Williams and Peterson model
437(6)
13.3 Multiple events
443(5)
13.3.1 The Wei, Lin and Weissfeld model
443(5)
13.4 Event history analysis
448(7)
13.4.1 Models for event history analysis
449(6)
13.5 Further reading
455(2)
14 Dependent censoring 457(14)
14.1 Identifying dependent censoring
457(1)
14.2 Sensitivity to dependent censoring
458(5)
14.2.1 A sensitivity analysis
459(2)
14.2.2 Impact of dependent censoring
461(2)
14.3 Modelling with dependent censoring
463(7)
14.3.1 Cox regression model with dependent censoring
464(6)
14.4 Further reading
470(1)
15 Sample size requirements for a survival study 471(16)
15.1 Distinguishing between two treatment groups
471(1)
15.2 Calculating the required number of deaths
472(7)
15.2.1 Derivation of the required number of deaths
474(5)
15.3 Calculating the required number of patients
479(5)
15.3.1 Derivation of the required number of patients
480(3)
15.3.2 An approximate procedure
483(1)
15.4 Further reading
484(3)
A Maximum likelihood estimation 487(4)
A.1 Inference about a single unknown parameter
487(2)
A.2 Inference about a vector of unknown parameters
489(2)
B Additional data sets 491(8)
B.1 Chronic active hepatitis
491(1)
B.2 Recurrence of bladder cancer
492(1)
B.3 Survival of black ducks
492(3)
B.4 Bone marrow transplantation
495(1)
B.5 Chronic granulomatous disease
495(4)
Bibliography 499(22)
Index of Examples 521(2)
Index 523
David Collett, PhD, associate director of statistics and clinical studies, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol and visiting professor of statistics, Southampton Statistical Sciences Research Institute, University of Southampton, UK