FOREWORD |
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5 | (6) |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
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11 | (1) |
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
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12 | (6) |
1. AN URBANIZING WORLD |
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18 | (20) |
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19 | (8) |
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Most people will soon live in urban areas |
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19 | (2) |
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Unprecedented urban growth in developing countries |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (5) |
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Understanding urbanization |
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27 | (8) |
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27 | (2) |
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Urbanization and economic development go together |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (1) |
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Can urban growth be controlled? |
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32 | (3) |
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35 | (3) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (3) |
2. URBAN POVERTY |
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38 | (14) |
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39 | (5) |
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39 | (2) |
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The urban poor are never safe |
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41 | (3) |
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44 | (4) |
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Urban poverty is underestimated |
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44 | (1) |
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Urban poverty is increasing |
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45 | (1) |
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Women and children are a majority of the poor |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (4) |
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'Formal' and 'informal' economies |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (2) |
3. CITIES AND TOWNS FACING PROBLEMS |
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52 | (30) |
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Slums, favelas, shantytowns |
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53 | (9) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (4) |
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58 | (1) |
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"Only bankers can get mortgages" |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (5) |
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The environmental 'footprint' a misleading concept? |
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62 | (2) |
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Local health impacts are most serious |
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64 | (1) |
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Global and regional impacts |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (10) |
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67 | (1) |
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67 | (2) |
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Inadequate infrastructure |
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69 | (2) |
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Distorted land and housing markets |
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71 | (1) |
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Inappropriate regulatory framework |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (3) |
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Urban challenges in the transition countries |
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77 | (5) |
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77 | (1) |
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Municipalities in transition |
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78 | (1) |
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Housing and infrastructure |
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79 | (3) |
4. MANAGING URBAN GROWTH |
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82 | (56) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (12) |
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Empowerment of local authorities |
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84 | (2) |
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The key role of central government |
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86 | (2) |
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Civil society participation is essential |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (4) |
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Accountability and transparency |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (13) |
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Inclusive city development strategies |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Providing security of tenure |
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98 | (1) |
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Urban transport more harm than good for the poor? |
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99 | (3) |
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Managing the urban environment |
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102 | (4) |
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Cultural heritage and the historic environment |
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106 | (3) |
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Improving municipal finances |
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109 | (5) |
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109 | (2) |
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111 | (1) |
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Municipalities in the capital market |
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112 | (2) |
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Enhancing service delivery |
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114 | (9) |
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The need for reform and new concepts |
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114 | (1) |
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PPP with international firms |
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115 | (2) |
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Private local service providers |
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117 | (2) |
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Community-based alternatives |
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119 | (4) |
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Creating functioning housing finance services |
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123 | (7) |
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The role of the formal finance sector |
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123 | (1) |
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Micro-finance for housing |
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124 | (4) |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (6) |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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Financial services for the poor |
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133 | (3) |
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Key areas in pro-poor urban development |
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136 | (2) |
5. THE ROLE OF DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION |
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138 | (27) |
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Rationale for support to urban development |
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139 | (4) |
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139 | (1) |
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Strategic reasons for urban development cooperation |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (5) |
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International commitments |
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143 | (1) |
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Changing paradigms in development cooperation |
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143 | (2) |
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Failure and success of urban policies |
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145 | (3) |
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148 | (4) |
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Objective for urban development cooperation |
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148 | (1) |
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Perspectives and approaches |
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149 | (3) |
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152 | (9) |
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Urban issues and national policies |
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152 | (1) |
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Reaching impact at the local level |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (4) |
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161 | (2) |
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Total needs and current investments |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (2) |
ANNEXES |
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165 | (15) |
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Urban population by regions |
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165 | (3) |
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A1 Percentage of urban population |
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A2 Average annual urban growth rate (per cent) |
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A3 Urban population (thousands) |
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Urban population in selected countries |
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168 | (8) |
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A4 Percentage of urban population |
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A5 Average annual urban growth rate (per cent) |
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A6 Urban population (thousands) |
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A7 The largest urban agglomerations in selected countries 2005 |
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Megacities and fast growing cities |
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176 | (2) |
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A8 Population of the 15 largest cities |
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A9 The 10 largest urban agglomerations 1950-2015 |
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A10 The world's fastest growing large cities 1950-2000 |
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178 | (2) |
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A11 Sub-national governments' share of total government revenues and expenditures. |
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Definitions |
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180 | (2) |
Acronyms |
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182 | (2) |
References |
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184 | (6) |
About the authors |
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190 | |